Germinação de sementes e importancia relativa da qualidade, disponibilidade e morfologia de frutos na dieta de Carollis perspicillata (Chiroptera: phyllostomidae)
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2013-01-25
Autores
Ricardo, Maria Carolina de Carvalho [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Ao remover grandes quantidades de sementes os morcegos podem contribuir significativamente não só para a dispersão das sementes, mas também para sua germinação. Neste estudo testamos se e como a ingestão de sementes de três espécies de Piper por Carollia perspicillata influencia as taxas de germinação e também se existem diferenças entre os resultados de experimentos de germinação realizados em campo e sob condições controladas em laboratório. O estudo foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Edgardia, Botucatu, SP. Foram estudadas três espécies: P. glabratum, P. hispidinervum e P. amalago. Foram estabelecidos três tratamentos: sementes dos frutos limpas; sementes ingeridas por C. perspicillata e sementes do fruto com polpa, em campo e laboratório. Em laboratório, todas as espécies apresentaram porcentagem de germinação das sementes que foram ingeridas ou manualmente limpas maior que das sementes com polpa. Assim, a remoção da polpa do fruto é o primeiro passo que facilita a germinação, limitando ou prevenindo o crescimento de fungos. Em campo apenas P. hispidinervum apresentou porcentagem de germinação maior nas sementes ingeridas do que nas sementes com polpa, confirmando os resultados encontrados em laboratório. Em laboratório, P. amalago e P. hispidinervum apresentaram germinação mais tardia nas sementes com polpa, pois o IG deste tratamento foi maior, ou seja, houve uma aceleração na germinação com a retirada da polpa. A porcentagem de germinação na metade do período confirmou esta aceleração. Ainda em laboratório, P. glabratum não apresentou diferença entre os tratamentos para o IG, portanto não houve influência na velocidade de germinação. Já a porcentagem de germinação na metade do período indicou uma aceleração na germinação devido à ingestão das sementes. Em campo não houve alteração na velocidade de germinação. O mesmo ocorreu com a porcentagem...
By removing large amounts of seeds, bats may contribute significantly not only to spread the seeds, but also to their germination. In this study, we test if and how the seed ingestion of three different species of Piper by Carollia perspicillata affect the germination rates and also if there are differences between results of germination experiments performed in the filed and under controlled laboratory conditions. Study was conducted at the Edgardia Experimental Farm, Botucatu, SP. Three species were investigated: P. glabratum, P. hispidinervum and P. amalago. Three different treatments, in field and in laboratory, were set: fruit seeds clean, fruit seeds ingested by C. perspicillata and fruit seeds with pulp. In the laboratory, all species presented percentage of germination of the seeds that were ingested or cleaned by hand higher than germination of seeds with pulp. Therefore, was found that removal of fruit‟s pulp is the first step that facilitates germination, limiting or preventing fungal growth. In the field, only P. hispidinervum presented percentage of germination of seeds that were ingested higher than germination of seeds with pulp, confirming laboratory results. In the lab, P. amalago and P. hispidinervum had delayed germination of seeds with pulp because the start of germination of this treatment was higher, in other words, removing the pulp accelerate the germination. The percentage of germination in half time confirmed this acceleration to start of germination, thus there was no influence on germination rate. Now the germination percentage in half time indicated an acceleration of germination due to the previous seed ingestion. In the field there was no change in the germination rate. The same occurred with the germination percentage in half period to P. amalago and P. glabratum. However, P. hispidinervum showed acceleration of ingested seeds germination, confirming laboratory results
By removing large amounts of seeds, bats may contribute significantly not only to spread the seeds, but also to their germination. In this study, we test if and how the seed ingestion of three different species of Piper by Carollia perspicillata affect the germination rates and also if there are differences between results of germination experiments performed in the filed and under controlled laboratory conditions. Study was conducted at the Edgardia Experimental Farm, Botucatu, SP. Three species were investigated: P. glabratum, P. hispidinervum and P. amalago. Three different treatments, in field and in laboratory, were set: fruit seeds clean, fruit seeds ingested by C. perspicillata and fruit seeds with pulp. In the laboratory, all species presented percentage of germination of the seeds that were ingested or cleaned by hand higher than germination of seeds with pulp. Therefore, was found that removal of fruit‟s pulp is the first step that facilitates germination, limiting or preventing fungal growth. In the field, only P. hispidinervum presented percentage of germination of seeds that were ingested higher than germination of seeds with pulp, confirming laboratory results. In the lab, P. amalago and P. hispidinervum had delayed germination of seeds with pulp because the start of germination of this treatment was higher, in other words, removing the pulp accelerate the germination. The percentage of germination in half time confirmed this acceleration to start of germination, thus there was no influence on germination rate. Now the germination percentage in half time indicated an acceleration of germination due to the previous seed ingestion. In the field there was no change in the germination rate. The same occurred with the germination percentage in half period to P. amalago and P. glabratum. However, P. hispidinervum showed acceleration of ingested seeds germination, confirming laboratory results
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Carollia perspicillata, Morcego, Fenologia vegetal - Pesquisa, Interação animal-planta, Sementes - Qualidade, Germinação, Germination
Como citar
RICARDO, Maria Carolina de Carvalho. Germinação de sementes e importancia relativa da qualidade, disponibilidade e morfologia de frutos na dieta de Carollis perspicillata (Chiroptera: phyllostomidae). 2013. 97 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, 2013.