Diversidade de líquens em leguminosas da Reserva Biológica de Mogi-Guaçu, SP
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Data
2012-07-13
Autores
Santos, Janaína Maria Gonçalves dos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho teve o objetivo de verificar a distribuição de espécies de fungos liquenizados sobre 573 troncos de onze espécies de leguminosas encontradas em área de cerrado, tanto nativas quanto estranhas ao ecossistema e plantadas num arboreto ao lado de uma área de vegetação natural. O levantamento de dados para estudo fitossociológico foi feito com método do elástico e os cálculos realizados em programa especialmente desenvolvido para esse trabalho. Cálculos de similaridade, diversidade, análises de variância e análise multivariada foram realizadas para descrever as comunidades de liquens e relacioná-las com forófitos e ambiente. O estudo da distribuição dos 4561 liquens (144 espécies) em 122 troncos de Copaifera langsdorffii (copaíba) do cerrado, cerradão e arboreto mostrou comunidades diferentes para os habitats, tipos de cascas e lados dos troncos. As espécies de maior valor de importância variam sua estratégia de ocupação com o ambiente. Embora localizado ao lado da vegetação nativa, a comunidade liquênica do arboreto é menos rica e abundante. O estudo da distribuição das 8840 ocorrências, incluindo 5535 liquens (176 espécies) em 157 troncos de cinco espécies de leguminosas do arboreto mostrou comunidades diferentes nos forófitos e maior agregação de espécies e indivíduos a cerca de um metro de altura. Liquens são mais importantes em todas as árvores, exceto no pau-brasil, onde as briófitas dominam. Umidade do ar, luminosidade, pH e diâmetro do tronco explicam as preferências por habitat. A habilidade de dispersão é o fator de sucesso da grande maioria das espécies. Cassia ferruginea (cássia) é o forófito com mais espécies e indivíduos de liquens enquanto Caesalpinia ferrea (pau-ferro) tem os menores números. Usnea spp. e formas crostosas preferem claramente troncos de cássia...
This works deals with the lichen distribution on 573 trunks of eleven Leguminosae species found in a cerrado forest region, both native and strange to the ecosystem and grown in an arboretum nearby. The phytosociological data were obtained by the rubber method and treated by software specially developed for. Similarity, variance and multivariate analysis were used to characterize the communities and related them to phorophyte species and environment. The study of the 4561 lichens (144 species) on 122 trees of Copaifera langsdorffii from cerrado and cerradão vegetation, as well from the arboretum, revealed distinct communities for habitats, bark types and aspect. The species of greater Importance changes its strategy of substrate occupation according the environment. Nevertheless located just beside the natural vegetation, the lichen community of the arboretum has lower values of richness and abundance. The study of the distribution of the 8840 occurrences that included 5535 lichens (176 species) on 157 trunks of five tree Leguminosae in the arboretum showed a greater species and individual aggregation about one meter above the ground. Here, lichens are the most important epiphytes on all tree species except on Caesalpinia ferrea, where bryophytes dominate. Air humidity, luminosity, bark pH and diameter explain the habitat preferences. The skill to efficient dispersion might be the success factor of the great majority of the lichen species. Cassia ferruginea is the phorophyte bearing more lichen species and individuals, while Caesalpinia ferrea exhibit the lower numbers. Usnea spp. as well crustose forms clearly prefer trunks of C. ferruginea, which is indicate here to form ecological corridors across anthropized areas and linking preservation areas. The study of the distribution of the 3157 occurrences of lichenized... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This works deals with the lichen distribution on 573 trunks of eleven Leguminosae species found in a cerrado forest region, both native and strange to the ecosystem and grown in an arboretum nearby. The phytosociological data were obtained by the rubber method and treated by software specially developed for. Similarity, variance and multivariate analysis were used to characterize the communities and related them to phorophyte species and environment. The study of the 4561 lichens (144 species) on 122 trees of Copaifera langsdorffii from cerrado and cerradão vegetation, as well from the arboretum, revealed distinct communities for habitats, bark types and aspect. The species of greater Importance changes its strategy of substrate occupation according the environment. Nevertheless located just beside the natural vegetation, the lichen community of the arboretum has lower values of richness and abundance. The study of the distribution of the 8840 occurrences that included 5535 lichens (176 species) on 157 trunks of five tree Leguminosae in the arboretum showed a greater species and individual aggregation about one meter above the ground. Here, lichens are the most important epiphytes on all tree species except on Caesalpinia ferrea, where bryophytes dominate. Air humidity, luminosity, bark pH and diameter explain the habitat preferences. The skill to efficient dispersion might be the success factor of the great majority of the lichen species. Cassia ferruginea is the phorophyte bearing more lichen species and individuals, while Caesalpinia ferrea exhibit the lower numbers. Usnea spp. as well crustose forms clearly prefer trunks of C. ferruginea, which is indicate here to form ecological corridors across anthropized areas and linking preservation areas. The study of the distribution of the 3157 occurrences of lichenized... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Liquens, Leguminosa, Biodiversidade, Cerrados, Taxonomia vegetal, Diversidade das plantas - Conservação, Lichens
Como citar
SANTOS, Janaína Maria Gonçalves dos. Diversidade de líquens em leguminosas da Reserva Biológica de Mogi-Guaçu, SP. 2012. 124 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, 2012.