Avaliação da mortalidade e recuperação renal de pacientes com insuficiência renal aguda submetidos à diálise com diferentes níveis de uréia
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Data
2006-12-07
Autores
Nascimento, Ginivaldo Victor Ribeiro do [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Evidências apontam que o momento de início da diálise pode influenciar diretamente a evolução de pacientes portadores de Insuficiência Renal Aguda (IRA). Assim, a diálise precoce surge como meio adicional para reduzir a mortalidade nestes pacientes. Porém, os parâmetros utilizados para o início da terapia substitutiva renal (TSR) nestes casos ainda não estão estabelecidos. Objetivo: avaliar se pacientes com IRA por Necrose Tubular Aguda (NTA) submetidos a diálise com níveis baixos de uréia (inferior aos atualmente preconizados) apresentam menor mortalidade e maior recuperação renal comparados aqueles submetidos a TSR com uréia elevada. Métodos: corte retrospectiva de pacientes com IRA por NTA submetidos a diálise no período de marco de 2001 a maio de 2006 no HCUNESP. Os pacientes foram alocados em 2 grupos de acordo com os valores de uréia no momento da indicação da diálise: GI: 150 e GII:>150 mg/dl. IRA foi definida como um aumento de creatinina sérica > 30% do valor basal, excluídas causas pré-renais e pós-renais. Foram avaliados pacientes >18 anos, em diálise por mais de 48 h e com ATN-ISS < 0,9 e acompanhados até óbito, recuperação da função renal ou tempo em diálise > 30 dias. Estatística: Teste T e Mann-Whitney (comparação entre grupos) e Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher e Goodman (proporções). Nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Foram analisados 1561 pacientes, sendo excluídos 861 por não apresentarem IRA por NTA. Dos 700 restantes, 333 (47,5%) foram submetidos a diálise, sendo excluídos 247. Os 86 pacientes restantes foram alocados em 2 grupos, sendo 23 em GI e 63 em GII.
There is evidence that the timing of dialysis initiation can influence the evolution of patients with acute renal failure (ARF). Also early dialysis seems to reduce mortality in these patients. However the parameters used at the start of renal replacement therapy (RRT) still are not established in these cases. Objective: to evaluate whether patients with ARF due to acute tubular necrosis (ATN), starting dialysis with low urea levels (lower than current recommendations) present less mortality and higher renal recuperation than those submitted to RRT with elevated urea. Patients and Methods: a retrospective cohort of patients with ARF due to ATN submitted to dialysis, from March 2001 to May 2006 at HC-UNESP. Patients were allocated into two groups according to urea values at time of RRT indication: GI.150 and GII>150 mg/dl. ARF was defined as serum creatinine >30% above basal value; pre and post renal causes were excluded. Patients were >18 years old, in dialysis for >48h, and with ATN-ISS <0.9; they were accompanied until death, renal function recovery, or RRT>30 days. Statistics: T and Mann-Whitney tests (comparison between groups) and Chi squared; Exact Fisher, and Goodman tests (proportions); significance level 5%. Results: From 1561 patients analyzed, 861 were excluded for not presenting ARF due to ATN. From the remaining 700, 333 (47.5%) were submitted to RRT, of these, 247 were excluded, leaving 86 patients (23 in GI and 63 in GII). Groups had similar median ages (GI: 61 and GII: 63 years); prognosis index: ATN-ISS (0.61and 0.67) and APACHE II (21 and 28); percentage of patients with prior end-stage renal disease (21.7% and 46%); in clinical wards (43.5% and 66.7%), and ICU (69.6% and 77.8%); number of RRT sessions (9 and 8); type of dialysis (hemodialysis: 43,5% and 20,7%) and dialysis dose received (Kt/V: 0.62}0.16 and 0.54}0.11). GI patients presented higher renal function recuperation (GI: 43.5%, GII 11.1%; p=0.
There is evidence that the timing of dialysis initiation can influence the evolution of patients with acute renal failure (ARF). Also early dialysis seems to reduce mortality in these patients. However the parameters used at the start of renal replacement therapy (RRT) still are not established in these cases. Objective: to evaluate whether patients with ARF due to acute tubular necrosis (ATN), starting dialysis with low urea levels (lower than current recommendations) present less mortality and higher renal recuperation than those submitted to RRT with elevated urea. Patients and Methods: a retrospective cohort of patients with ARF due to ATN submitted to dialysis, from March 2001 to May 2006 at HC-UNESP. Patients were allocated into two groups according to urea values at time of RRT indication: GI.150 and GII>150 mg/dl. ARF was defined as serum creatinine >30% above basal value; pre and post renal causes were excluded. Patients were >18 years old, in dialysis for >48h, and with ATN-ISS <0.9; they were accompanied until death, renal function recovery, or RRT>30 days. Statistics: T and Mann-Whitney tests (comparison between groups) and Chi squared; Exact Fisher, and Goodman tests (proportions); significance level 5%. Results: From 1561 patients analyzed, 861 were excluded for not presenting ARF due to ATN. From the remaining 700, 333 (47.5%) were submitted to RRT, of these, 247 were excluded, leaving 86 patients (23 in GI and 63 in GII). Groups had similar median ages (GI: 61 and GII: 63 years); prognosis index: ATN-ISS (0.61and 0.67) and APACHE II (21 and 28); percentage of patients with prior end-stage renal disease (21.7% and 46%); in clinical wards (43.5% and 66.7%), and ICU (69.6% and 77.8%); number of RRT sessions (9 and 8); type of dialysis (hemodialysis: 43,5% and 20,7%) and dialysis dose received (Kt/V: 0.62}0.16 and 0.54}0.11). GI patients presented higher renal function recuperation (GI: 43.5%, GII 11.1%; p=0.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Insuficiencia renal aguda - Avaliação, Rins - Doenças, Acute renal failure
Como citar
NASCIMENTO, Ginivaldo Victor Ribeiro do. Avaliação da mortalidade e recuperação renal de pacientes com insuficiência renal aguda submetidos à diálise com diferentes níveis de uréia. 2006. 86 f. +. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2006.