Aspectos clínicos, microbiológicos e da regulação da imunidade inata na vaginose bacteriana
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Data
2012-03-01
Autores
Marconi, Camila [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A vaginose bacteriana (VB) é a alteração de microbiota vaginal mais frequente em mulheres em idade reprodutiva.Inúmeras complicações ginecológicas e obstétricas são associadas à VB, como doença inflamatória pélvica, aumento do risco de aquisição de Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis (DSTs), corioamnionite clínica e histológica e baixo peso ao nascimento. A VB se caracteriza pela substituição dos lactobacilos da microbiota vaginal por outras espécies bacterianas, na sua maioria anaeróbias. Estudos recentes demonstraram que várias espécies até então raramente ou nunca isoladas em laboratório são associadas à VB como Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. e Megasphaera sp. Essas espécies têm como característica comum a produção de ácido lático. Dessa forma, tem sido observado que mulheres assintomáticas podem apresentar ausência de lactobacilos na microbiota vaginal e predomínio de tais espécies. Portanto, alguns autores sugerem que elas possam contribuir para o equilíbrio do meio vaginal. Tendo em vista que os casos de VB apresentam grande heterogeneidade quanto à composição microbiológica, considera-se que a resposta imune também possa ser variável. A amplificação da resposta imune local na VB é um dos mecanismos que levam a maior suscetibilidade da mucosa vaginal à aquisição de DSTs, dentre as quais a infecção clamidiana que, é bastante frequente em nossa população. Embora estudos tenham demonstrado associação da infecção por Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) com a VB, poucos trabalhos avaliaram o perfil da resposta imune inata local nesses casos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar parâmetros da imunidade inata e atividade de sialidases nos casos de VB em relação a maior ou menor participação das espécies de A. vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. e Megasphaera sp., além de comparar os níveis de citocinas pro-inflamatórias nos casos de VB de acordo com o status...
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most frequent type of abnormal vaginal flora in women in childbearing age. Several gynecological and obstetrical complications are associated with BV, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, increased risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), clinical and histological chorioamnionitis and low birth weight. Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by the replacement of the vaginal lactobacilli by other bacterial species, mostly anaerobes. Recent studies show that many species, rarely or never isolated by culture, are highly associated with BV, such as Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. and Megasphaera sp. In common, these bacteria have the characteristic of producing lactic acid. Study of the vaginal flora of asymptomatic women showed that these species may replace the lactobacilli, dominating the vaginal environment. Thus, some authors suggest that A. vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. and Megasphaera sp. may contribute to a balanced vaginal flora. Considering that BV cases are microbiologically heterogeneous, the immune response is also likely to differ among the women. An imbalanced local immune response is one of the mechanisms leading to increased acquisition of STIs, such as chlamydial infection, which is very frequent in our population. Although studies demonstrated a significant association of BV with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), few studies evaluated the associated innate immune response. The objective of this study was to evaluate parameters of the innate immunity and sialidase activity in BV, in relation to the larger or samaller participation of A. vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. and Megasphaera sp., and to compare the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BV cases according to the status of CT infection. We evaluated women that presented BV in the period of the study and the control group was composed by women with normal vaginal flora pattern. Vaginal ...
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most frequent type of abnormal vaginal flora in women in childbearing age. Several gynecological and obstetrical complications are associated with BV, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, increased risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), clinical and histological chorioamnionitis and low birth weight. Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by the replacement of the vaginal lactobacilli by other bacterial species, mostly anaerobes. Recent studies show that many species, rarely or never isolated by culture, are highly associated with BV, such as Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. and Megasphaera sp. In common, these bacteria have the characteristic of producing lactic acid. Study of the vaginal flora of asymptomatic women showed that these species may replace the lactobacilli, dominating the vaginal environment. Thus, some authors suggest that A. vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. and Megasphaera sp. may contribute to a balanced vaginal flora. Considering that BV cases are microbiologically heterogeneous, the immune response is also likely to differ among the women. An imbalanced local immune response is one of the mechanisms leading to increased acquisition of STIs, such as chlamydial infection, which is very frequent in our population. Although studies demonstrated a significant association of BV with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), few studies evaluated the associated innate immune response. The objective of this study was to evaluate parameters of the innate immunity and sialidase activity in BV, in relation to the larger or samaller participation of A. vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. and Megasphaera sp., and to compare the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BV cases according to the status of CT infection. We evaluated women that presented BV in the period of the study and the control group was composed by women with normal vaginal flora pattern. Vaginal ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ginecologia, Vaginite bacteriana, Imunidade (Higiene), Bacterial vaginitis
Como citar
MARCONI, Camila. Aspectos clínicos, microbiológicos e da regulação da imunidade inata na vaginose bacteriana. 2012. 69 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2012.