Resposta imune celular e humoral em aves (Gallus gallus) vacinadas, antes e após o desafio com Salmonella enteritidis
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Data
2013-02-22
Autores
Penha Filho, Rafael Antonio Casarin [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) causa doença transmitida por alimentos (DTA) em humanos. Carne de frango e ovos frequentemente estão associados a esses casos. O controle da infecção em aves, baseia-se em medidas de biossegurança, incluindo-se a vacinação. Tem sido comum a utilização de vacinas vivas (VV) e inativadas (Bacterinas - BA), porém pouco se sabe sobre os mecanismos imunes desencadeados pelas vacinas contra SE. Neste estudo, utilizaram-se quatroprogramas vacinais (VV; VV+VV; BA; VV+BA) em galinhas leves de variedade branca para postura de ovos de mesa, vacinadas com 5 e/ou 25 dias de vida, e desafiadas aos 45 dias de vida com SE. No dia anterior à infecção (1 DAI) e 1, 6 e 9 dias pós-infecção (DPI), cinco aves/grupo foram sacrificadas para amostragem. A população de linfócitos CD4+ e CD8+ foi avaliada por imuno-histoquímica em tonsilas cecais e fígado; citocinas foram quantificadas por RT-qPCR em tempo real em tonsilas cecais e baço; níveis de IgG e IgM foram mensurados por ELISA no soro e IgA em lavado intestinal. Os níveis de imunoglobulina (IgG, IgM e IgA) estavam significativamente mais altos em aves vacinadas com BA, do 1 DAI ao 9 DPI, em comparação aos grupos vacinados somente com VV. Os níveis de IFN-γ, na tonsila cecal, eram similares em todos os grupos após o desafio. Antes do desafio (1 DAI), IL-10 foi altamente expressa em baço de aves que receberam somente BA (25 dias de vida), sugerindo o desenvolvimento de resposta por linfócitos T CD4+ auxiliar 2 (Ta2), reforçado pelos altos níveis de IgG encontrados neste grupo (p<0.05). Os níveis de TGF-β4 e das citocinas pró-inflamatórias IL-6 e TNFSF15 eram bastante elevados no grupo que recebeu VV+VV. A vacinação por via oral com VV aumentou significativamente o fluxo de linfócitos T CD8+ para as tonsilas cecais após o desafio. Isso poderia...
Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) causes foodborne infection in humans. Poultry meat and eggs are frequently associated with these cases. The control of this bacterium is based on sanitary measures and mainly, vaccination of chicken flocks. Vaccine programs are used worldwide to control SE in poultry flocks. Live (LV) and killed vaccines (KV) are often combined, although few studies regarding immune mechanisms developed by SE vaccines are available. In this work, four vaccine programs were studied (LV; LV+LV; KV; LV+KV) in white layer-hens vaccinated at 5 and/or 25 days-old and challenged at 45 days-old with SE. At 1 day before (dbi) and 1, 6 and 9 days post-infection (DPI), five birds/group were sacrificed for sampling. The population of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in caecal tonsils and liver, cytokines were quantified by real time RT-qPCR in caecal tonsils and spleen; IgG, IgM and IgA levels were measured by ELISA in serum and the latter in intestinal washes. The immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgM and IgA) were significantly higher in birds vaccinated with KV, from 1 dbi to 9 DPI, than in groups that received only LV. In caecal tonsils, IFN-γ levels were similar in all groups after challenge. Before challenge (1 dbi), IL-10 was highly expressed in spleen of birds that received only KV (25 days-old), suggesting the development of the T CD4+ helper 2 (Th2) type of immune response, reinforced by high IgG levels against SE seen in this group (p<0.05). TGF-β4 and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNFSF15 were higher in caecal tonsils in the group that received LV+LV. Vaccination by oral route with LV clearly increased the influx of CD8+ T cells in caecal tonsils after challenge. This could be correlated with the better control of SE noticed in groups that received at least one dose of LV, including... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) causes foodborne infection in humans. Poultry meat and eggs are frequently associated with these cases. The control of this bacterium is based on sanitary measures and mainly, vaccination of chicken flocks. Vaccine programs are used worldwide to control SE in poultry flocks. Live (LV) and killed vaccines (KV) are often combined, although few studies regarding immune mechanisms developed by SE vaccines are available. In this work, four vaccine programs were studied (LV; LV+LV; KV; LV+KV) in white layer-hens vaccinated at 5 and/or 25 days-old and challenged at 45 days-old with SE. At 1 day before (dbi) and 1, 6 and 9 days post-infection (DPI), five birds/group were sacrificed for sampling. The population of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in caecal tonsils and liver, cytokines were quantified by real time RT-qPCR in caecal tonsils and spleen; IgG, IgM and IgA levels were measured by ELISA in serum and the latter in intestinal washes. The immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgM and IgA) were significantly higher in birds vaccinated with KV, from 1 dbi to 9 DPI, than in groups that received only LV. In caecal tonsils, IFN-γ levels were similar in all groups after challenge. Before challenge (1 dbi), IL-10 was highly expressed in spleen of birds that received only KV (25 days-old), suggesting the development of the T CD4+ helper 2 (Th2) type of immune response, reinforced by high IgG levels against SE seen in this group (p<0.05). TGF-β4 and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNFSF15 were higher in caecal tonsils in the group that received LV+LV. Vaccination by oral route with LV clearly increased the influx of CD8+ T cells in caecal tonsils after challenge. This could be correlated with the better control of SE noticed in groups that received at least one dose of LV, including... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ave, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella gallinarum, Vacina veterinária, Citocinas, Linfócitos, Imunidade celular, Veterinary vaccines
Como citar
PENHA FILHO, Rafael Antonio Casarin. Resposta imune celular e humoral em aves (Gallus gallus) vacinadas, antes e após o desafio com Salmonella enteritidis. 2013. xiii, 69 p. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.