Efeito de lodo de esgoto sobre a nutrição, nodulação e controle de doenças da soja
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Data
2003-10
Autores
Araújo, Fabio Fernando de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O lodo de esgoto, atendendo as exigências ambientais, apresenta grande potencial para utilização no manejo de solos na agricultura, onde vem sendo amplamente disposto. Sua utilização altera propriedades químicas, físicas e biológicas do solo devido à sua composição em macro e micronutrientes e matéria orgânica. Estas alterações podem proporcionar benefícios como aumento da disponibilidade nutricional às culturas, indução de supressividade aos fitopatógenos veiculados pelo solo e resistência às doenças da parte aérea. Por outro lado, pode influenciar negativamente o equilíbrio biológico e químico no solo, devido à presença de concentrações consideráveis de N disponível, sais solúveis e metais pesados. Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da incorporação de lodo de esgoto ao solo sobre a nodulação, a indução de supressividade a fitopatógenos veiculados pelo solo e resistência às doenças da parte aérea da soja (Glycine max), foram realizados diversos experimentos em laboratório e casa de vegetação utilizando-se solo coletado, no período de 2001 a 2003, de área experimental da Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, SP. Esta área recebeu aplicações sucessivas de lodos de esgotos, originários das Estações de Tratamento de Esgoto de Barueri e de Franca, no Estado de S. Paulo, durante cinco anos (1998-2002). A incorporação de lodo ao solo resultou em aumento da atividade microbiana (avaliada pela atividade da enzima desidrogenase e hidrólise de diacetato de fluoresceína – FDA) e elicitação de fitoalexinas em cotilédones de soja. A avaliação do efeito do lodo sobre a nodulação e desenvolvimento da soja, no primeiro experimento realizado com a coleta de solo após a quarta aplicação anual do lodo na área, foi positiva, entretanto na segunda avaliação, após a quinta aplicação do lodo, observou-se que as maiores concentrações de... .
Sewage sludge, had been shown great potential for use in the agriculture, where it comes being widely used. There are some modifications on chemical, physical and biological in the soil properties due to its composition of macro and micronutrients and organic substances. These alterations can provide benefits as an increase to the availability of nutrients to the plants, suppressiveness induction of soilborne plant pathogens and resistance to foliar diseases. However, it may influence negatively the biological and chemical balance in the soil, due to presence of considerable amounts of available N, soluble salts and heavy metals. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of sewage sludge incorporation into the soil on the nodulation, suppressiveness induction of soilborne plant pathogens and foliar resistance to diseases in soybean (Glycine max). Experiments were realized in the laboratory and in the greenhouse using collected soil during the period between 2001 and 2003 in an experimental area of the Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, SP. This area received successive applications from sewage sludge, originary from the sewage stations treatment of Barueri and Franca, in the São Paulo State, Brazil, during five years (1998-2002). The incorporation of sludge into the soil resulted in an increase of the microbial activity (evaluated by the activity of the enzyme dehydrogenase and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis) and phytoalexin accumulation in soybean cotyledons. The evaluation of the effect of the sludge on the nodulation and soybean development. The first experiment was carried out with soil from the experimental area, after the fourth annual application of the sludge and it was positive. However, in the second evaluation, after the fifth application of the sludge, it was observed that high concentrations of had reduced the nodulation and the development in... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Sewage sludge, had been shown great potential for use in the agriculture, where it comes being widely used. There are some modifications on chemical, physical and biological in the soil properties due to its composition of macro and micronutrients and organic substances. These alterations can provide benefits as an increase to the availability of nutrients to the plants, suppressiveness induction of soilborne plant pathogens and resistance to foliar diseases. However, it may influence negatively the biological and chemical balance in the soil, due to presence of considerable amounts of available N, soluble salts and heavy metals. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of sewage sludge incorporation into the soil on the nodulation, suppressiveness induction of soilborne plant pathogens and foliar resistance to diseases in soybean (Glycine max). Experiments were realized in the laboratory and in the greenhouse using collected soil during the period between 2001 and 2003 in an experimental area of the Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, SP. This area received successive applications from sewage sludge, originary from the sewage stations treatment of Barueri and Franca, in the São Paulo State, Brazil, during five years (1998-2002). The incorporation of sludge into the soil resulted in an increase of the microbial activity (evaluated by the activity of the enzyme dehydrogenase and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis) and phytoalexin accumulation in soybean cotyledons. The evaluation of the effect of the sludge on the nodulation and soybean development. The first experiment was carried out with soil from the experimental area, after the fourth annual application of the sludge and it was positive. However, in the second evaluation, after the fifth application of the sludge, it was observed that high concentrations of had reduced the nodulation and the development in... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aguas residuais, Lodo, Solos - Manejo, Soja - Resistência a doenças e pragas, Sewage sludge
Como citar
ARAÚJO, Fabio Fernando de. Efeito de lodo de esgoto sobre a nutrição, nodulação e controle de doenças da soja. 2003. xi, 99 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2003.