Preparação, caracterização e aplicação de carbono polimérico vítreo em sensores eletroquímicos
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Data
2007-07-31
Autores
Silva, Luiz Fernando da [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A rota sintética do carbono vítreo é bem conhecida, da mesma forma, são notórias suas propriedades estruturais e condutoras, como também as aplicações deste material, principalmente em eletroquímica. Todavia, existe uma classe de materiais com base em carbono, que possui propriedades similares as do carbono vítreo, mas ainda são pouco destacados na pesquisa acadêmica. Estes materiais são obtidos a partir da pirólise de resinas poliméricas como as fenólicas, furfurílica e poliacrilato, e que apresentam condutividade elétrica e térmica e boa resistência mecânica. Entretanto, por serem tratados a temperaturas (até 1200ºC), inferiores a de produção do carbono vítreo podem possuir falhas na sua estrutura, que podem causar variações previsíveis ou não, em seu comportamento eletroquímico, como menor condutividade ou maior afinidade com determinadas moléculas. Pertencendo a esta classe se encontra o carbono polimérico vítreo (CPV) material similar ao carbono vítreo comercial, mas que em sua estrutura ainda conserva características do precursor, como grupos funcionais hidroxílicos e carboxílicos. Dessa forma, este trabalho apresenta a obtenção do CPV a partir de uma resina fenólica comercial, estuda suas propriedades estruturais e eletroquímicas, sendo que para isso foi desenvolvido o processo de síntese, foram efetuados experimentos de caracterização com técnicas de análise termogravimétrica com análise térmica diferencial, difração de raios-X, infravermelho com transformada de Fourrier, voltametria cíclica e espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica. O comportamento eletroquímico, utilizando o sistema ferricianeto/ferrocianeto, é similar ao obtido com eletrodo comercial de carbono vítreo e platina. O material possui estabilidade térmica em atmosfera oxidante até o limite de temperatura de 600ºC. Já em atmosfera inerte apresenta...
The synthetic route to obtain glassy carbon is well known, as well as its structural and conductive properties and its use in electrochemistry. However, there is a class of based carbon material which possesses similar properties to glassy carbon, but with a lack of interest in academic community. These materials are produced from pyrolysis of either phenolic or furfurylic resin, named glassy polymeric carbon, and they present thermal stability, robustness, mechanical strength, electrical conductivity and large potential range. Notwithstanding these characteristics, as these carbon based materials is prepared at low temperature (approximately 1200 oC) some kilning faults can be arisen leading to predictable changes in electrochemical behavior. In addition, after the preparation, glassy polymeric carbon maintains functional groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl. In this context, the present work describes the synthesis of glassy carbon from commercial phenolic resin, structural characterization, and the application as working electrode and the potential use as support to chemically modified electrodes. The electrochemical behavior by using hexacyanoferrate system is quite similar to glassy carbon and platinum commercial electrodes. Moreover, the obtained carbon material is thermally stable under air atmosphere up to 600 oC and decomposes slightly up to 1050 oC under inert condition. Afterwards, the glassy polymeric electrode was found to be a useful tool for electroanalytical purposes. In particularly, it was developed a electrochemical sensor to caffeic acid in complex matrix such as red wine by applying voltammetric techniques (cyclic voltammetry, square wave and differential pulse voltammetry). Furthermore, it was investigated the effect of metallic ion doping and surfactant molecules during the synthesis on the properties of the glassy polymeric carbon. In fact, these set of experiments...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The synthetic route to obtain glassy carbon is well known, as well as its structural and conductive properties and its use in electrochemistry. However, there is a class of based carbon material which possesses similar properties to glassy carbon, but with a lack of interest in academic community. These materials are produced from pyrolysis of either phenolic or furfurylic resin, named glassy polymeric carbon, and they present thermal stability, robustness, mechanical strength, electrical conductivity and large potential range. Notwithstanding these characteristics, as these carbon based materials is prepared at low temperature (approximately 1200 oC) some kilning faults can be arisen leading to predictable changes in electrochemical behavior. In addition, after the preparation, glassy polymeric carbon maintains functional groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl. In this context, the present work describes the synthesis of glassy carbon from commercial phenolic resin, structural characterization, and the application as working electrode and the potential use as support to chemically modified electrodes. The electrochemical behavior by using hexacyanoferrate system is quite similar to glassy carbon and platinum commercial electrodes. Moreover, the obtained carbon material is thermally stable under air atmosphere up to 600 oC and decomposes slightly up to 1050 oC under inert condition. Afterwards, the glassy polymeric electrode was found to be a useful tool for electroanalytical purposes. In particularly, it was developed a electrochemical sensor to caffeic acid in complex matrix such as red wine by applying voltammetric techniques (cyclic voltammetry, square wave and differential pulse voltammetry). Furthermore, it was investigated the effect of metallic ion doping and surfactant molecules during the synthesis on the properties of the glassy polymeric carbon. In fact, these set of experiments...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Quimica analitica, Detectores, Resinas, Quantificação
Como citar
SILVA, Luiz Fernando da. Preparação, caracterização e aplicação de carbono polimérico vítreo em sensores eletroquímicos. 2007. 123 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2007.