Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos e outras substâncias orgânicas na combustão de madeira para produção de carvão e em particulado atmosférico da cidade de Campo Grande /MS
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Data
2000-04-27
Autores
Poppi, Nilva Ré [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
município de Campo Grande, MS, com uma população de aproximadamente 600 mil habitantes concentrados na área urbana, todos os anos, entre os meses de julho a novembro, período muito seco, fica encoberto pela fumaça proveniente da queima de biomassa, a qual tem sido apontada como responsável pelo aumento da incidência de casos de doenças respiratórias na população. Neste trabalho, é reportada a composição química de aerossóis, partículas inaláveis (1 μm ≤ dp≤ 15 μm), de emissões do forno utilizado para a produção de carvão vegetal e de 14 amostras de ar da cidade de Campo Grande / MS. O particulado atmosférico foi amostrado de junho a novembro de 1998 no campus da UFMS e as amostras de emissão direta foram coletadas a 1,5 m de um forno construído com tijolos e saibro, similar aos utilizados nas carvoarias da região. Nos dois tipos de amostra, o material particulado foi coletado sobre filtro de Fluorepore em PTFE com 37 mm de diâmetro e as substâncias semivoláteis em tubos do adsorvente XAD-2, utilizando-se amostrador de baixo volume (low-vol). As substâncias foram extraídas com diclorometano/metanol (4:1) em banho ultra-sônico. As análises foram realizadas por CG/EM nos modos SCAN e SIM. A concentração de HPAs na atmosfera próxima ao forno, proveniente da queima de madeira para produção de carvão, foi estimada em 23,6 μg.m-3 de ar para a soma de 15 HPAs, e em 310,1 ng.m-3 para o BaP. A concentração média dos 15 HPAs nas amostras ambientais foi de 21,05 ng.m-3 e a concentração média do BaP de 0,25 ng.m-3...
Campo Grande City (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil) has around 600,000 inhabitants, concentrated in the urban area. Every year, between July and November, the dry season, the city is covered with biomass burning smoke. The biomass burning is result of the vegetal carbon production, agricultural handling, or de-florestation operation into Brazilian Savannah (“cerrado”). The smoke has been indicated as main cause of respiratory disease increasing of the population. In this work it was reported the aerosol composition (1μm ≤ dp≤ 10 μm), from emission of vegetal carbon production and 14 air samples of Campo Grande city. The particulate material was sampled from June until November, 1998 at campus of Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) while the emission samples were collected at 1.5 m far from an oven made with brick and a mixture of clay and sand, similar to ones used by vegetal carbon producers of region. For both kind of samples, the particulate material was collected with Fuorepore/PTFE filters (37 mm diameter) while volatile fraction was sampled into adsorbent tubes (XAD-2), using low vol sampler. The extracts were obtained by ultrasonic bath using dichloromethane:methanol (4:1) and were analyzed by GC/MS, SCAn and SIM modes. The total HPAs emission of vegetal carbon oven was estimated in 23.6 μg.m-3 and 310 ng.m-3 for benzo(a)pyrene. On the other hand, the city air samples shown concentration (average) of 21,05 ng.m-3 for total HPAs, and 0.25 ng.m-3 for benzo(a) pyrene. HPAs, OXI-HPAs, phenols e Metoxy-phenols were identified...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Campo Grande City (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil) has around 600,000 inhabitants, concentrated in the urban area. Every year, between July and November, the dry season, the city is covered with biomass burning smoke. The biomass burning is result of the vegetal carbon production, agricultural handling, or de-florestation operation into Brazilian Savannah (“cerrado”). The smoke has been indicated as main cause of respiratory disease increasing of the population. In this work it was reported the aerosol composition (1μm ≤ dp≤ 10 μm), from emission of vegetal carbon production and 14 air samples of Campo Grande city. The particulate material was sampled from June until November, 1998 at campus of Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) while the emission samples were collected at 1.5 m far from an oven made with brick and a mixture of clay and sand, similar to ones used by vegetal carbon producers of region. For both kind of samples, the particulate material was collected with Fuorepore/PTFE filters (37 mm diameter) while volatile fraction was sampled into adsorbent tubes (XAD-2), using low vol sampler. The extracts were obtained by ultrasonic bath using dichloromethane:methanol (4:1) and were analyzed by GC/MS, SCAn and SIM modes. The total HPAs emission of vegetal carbon oven was estimated in 23.6 μg.m-3 and 310 ng.m-3 for benzo(a)pyrene. On the other hand, the city air samples shown concentration (average) of 21,05 ng.m-3 for total HPAs, and 0.25 ng.m-3 for benzo(a) pyrene. HPAs, OXI-HPAs, phenols e Metoxy-phenols were identified...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Carvão - Campo Grande (MS), Hidrocarbonetos policiclicos aromaticos, Biomass burnin, Atmospheric organic mater, Polycyclic compounds
Como citar
POPPI, Nilva Ré. Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos e outras substâncias orgânicas na combustão de madeira para produção de carvão e em particulado atmosférico da cidade de Campo Grande /MS. 2000. 220 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2000.