Parâmetros espectroscópicos teóricos e experimentais do cintilador 'GD IND.2''O IND.2''S':'CE POT.3+', 'PR POT.3+'
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Data
2008-12-12
Autores
Cebim, Marco Aurelio [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Cintiladores são compostos capazes de absorver radiações de alta energia e convertê-las eficientemente em radiação UV e visível. Nas últimas décadas, avanços signficativos na eletrônica de detecção foram feitos, mas o luminóforo continua sendo o foco principal no que diz respeito ao mecanismo e desenvolvimento de novos materiais. Além disso, há uma demanda para o desenvolvimento de novos materiais em diferentes conformações, principalmente filmes, capazes de funcionar com desempenho semelhante a cerâmicas e monocristais. Para tanto, surge a necessidade de estudar o comportamento de parâmetros estruturais e espectroscópicos envolvendo a luminescência e cintilação de materiais. O objetivo desse trabalho é a obtenção de parâmetros espectroscópicos teóricos e experiementais do cintilador Gd2O2S:Ce3+,Pr3+; a fim de compreender a evolução dos parâmetros de eficiência com a conformação, cristalinidade, estrutura, concentração de dopantes e características da matriz. Para tanto, foram estudados aspectos teóricos e experimentais dos compostos Gd2O2S nominalmente puro, Gd2O2S:Ce3+, Gd2O2S:Pr3+ e o Gd2O2S:Ce3+,Pr3+ em várias concentrações dos dopantes. Em princípio foi obtido o precursor hidroxicarbonato de gadolínio Gd(OH)CO3.H2O pela decomposição térmica da uréia, resultanto em partículas esféricas com diâmetro de aproximadamente 100 nm. O precurssor foi sulfurizado em diversas condições para obtenção do oxissulfeto. Para a obtenção do oxissulfeto nominalmente puro e o Gd2O2S:Pr3+ os precursores foram tratados a 750°C/780°C por duas horas em cada temperatura com atmosfera dinâmica de argônio. Os produtos obtidos passaram por mais um tratamento térmico, isto é, a 900°C em atmosfera de mistura verde (H2/N2; 3/97 %) por quatro horas. As amostras dopadas com Ce3+ foram obtidas com tratramentos semelhantes, mas em atmosfera de SO2, a fim...
Scintillators are materials which can absorb ionizant radiation and convert it in an efficient way into UV or visible light. In the past two decades, impressive advances in the technology of direct detection have been made, but the phosphor in certain detectors still plays a major role in what concern behavior, mechanism and development of new materials. In this way, there is an increasingly demand for the development of new materials of different nature (films, powders, crystals, ceramics, glasses), and the analyses of how efficiency parameters of luminescence and scintillation changes the performance. The aim of this work is the study of spectroscopy parameters, both theoretical and experimental of the Gd2O2S:Ce3+,Pr3+ scintillator, to understand its evolution with preparation conditions, crystallinity, particle size, dopant concentration and nature of the matrix. Gadolinium oxysulfide samples were obtained from the sulfidization of gadolinium basic carbonate. Pr3+-doped samples were fired at 750/780°C for two hours in each temperature under continuous flow of argon. Afterwards, the obtained product is fired at 900°C for four hours under H2/N2 (3/97%) atmosphere. Ce3+-doped samples were fired in the same conditions, but with a continuous flow of SO2, in order to avoid Ce3+ oxidation. All samples were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance (DR) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PLS). From the spectroscopy data the location of energy levels and assembly of band structure in Gd2O2S samples were investigated. Band gaps, phonon energies, quantum yields and life times were obtained for each class of compound, and its behavior with dopant concentration analyzed. Theoretical calculations were made to evaluate the perturbation of a chemical environment into monoelectronic systems using a second-order variationally parturbative method... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Scintillators are materials which can absorb ionizant radiation and convert it in an efficient way into UV or visible light. In the past two decades, impressive advances in the technology of direct detection have been made, but the phosphor in certain detectors still plays a major role in what concern behavior, mechanism and development of new materials. In this way, there is an increasingly demand for the development of new materials of different nature (films, powders, crystals, ceramics, glasses), and the analyses of how efficiency parameters of luminescence and scintillation changes the performance. The aim of this work is the study of spectroscopy parameters, both theoretical and experimental of the Gd2O2S:Ce3+,Pr3+ scintillator, to understand its evolution with preparation conditions, crystallinity, particle size, dopant concentration and nature of the matrix. Gadolinium oxysulfide samples were obtained from the sulfidization of gadolinium basic carbonate. Pr3+-doped samples were fired at 750/780°C for two hours in each temperature under continuous flow of argon. Afterwards, the obtained product is fired at 900°C for four hours under H2/N2 (3/97%) atmosphere. Ce3+-doped samples were fired in the same conditions, but with a continuous flow of SO2, in order to avoid Ce3+ oxidation. All samples were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance (DR) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PLS). From the spectroscopy data the location of energy levels and assembly of band structure in Gd2O2S samples were investigated. Band gaps, phonon energies, quantum yields and life times were obtained for each class of compound, and its behavior with dopant concentration analyzed. Theoretical calculations were made to evaluate the perturbation of a chemical environment into monoelectronic systems using a second-order variationally parturbative method... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Físico-química, Cintiladores, Luminescencia, Terras raras, Physical chemistry
Como citar
CEBIM, Marco Aurélio. Parâmetros espectroscópicos teóricos e experimentais do cintilador 'GD IND.2''O IND.2''S':'CE POT.3+', 'PR POT.3+'. 2008. 265 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2008.