Metodologias para avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de rúcula
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Data
2007-09-21
Autores
Alves, Charline Zaratin [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A qualidade da semente utilizada no processo de produção agrícola é um dos principais fatores a ser considerado para a implantação da cultura, havendo consenso entre todos os segmentos, sobre a importância do vigor das sementes e da necessidade de avaliá-lo. O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a eficiência de diferentes métodos na avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de rúcula, buscando indicar opções para utilização em programas de controle de qualidade adotados por instituições produtoras de sementes dessa espécie. Para tanto, o estudo foi conduzido utilizando cinco lotes de sementes das cultivares Rúcula Cultivada e Rúcula Gigante. Foram realizados os testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, emergência de plântulas em casa de vegetação e estudos específicos para os testes de deterioração controlada (graus de umidade de 18%, 21% e 24%, a 45ºC, durante 24 e 48 horas), de envelhecimento acelerado, com e sem solução salina (períodos de 48, 72 e 96 horas, a 38ºC, 41ºC e 45ºC), de condutividade elétrica (temperaturas de 20ºC, 25ºC e 30ºC, volumes de 25mL, 50mL e 75mL de água, 25 e 50 sementes, e períodos de 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 e 24 horas) e de lixiviação de potássio (temperaturas de 25ºC e 30ºC, volumes de 50mL e 75mL de água, 50 e 100 sementes, e períodos de 30 minutos, 1 h, 1,5 h, 2 h, 2,5 h, 3, 4 e 5 h). Concluiu-se que o teste de deterioração controlada e o teste de envelhecimento acelerado (procedimento tradicional) não são eficientes para avaliação do vigor das sementes de rúcula. O teste de condutividade elétrica utilizando 50 sementes/50mL, a 25ºC por 4 horas; de lixiviação de potássio utilizando 50 sementes/50mL, a 30ºC por 2 horas; e de envelhecimento acelerado (com solução salina) utilizando a combinação 41ºC por 72 horas, apresentaram sensibilidade suficiente para avaliação do potencial fisiológico das sementes de rúcula.
The quality of the seed used in the process of agricultural production is one of the main factors to be considered for the implantation of the culture, having consensus between all the segments, on the importance of the vigor of the seeds and the necessity to evaluate it. The work had as objective to study the efficiency of different methods in the evaluation of the physiological potential of seeds of arugula, searching to indicate options for use in programs of quality control adopted by producing institutions of seeds of this specie. Five seed lots each from the Rucula Cultivada e Rucula Gigante were used. The following tests were performed: germination, germination first count and seedling emergence. Specific studies were also conducted to the following tests: controlled deterioration (seed moisture content of 18%, 21% and 24%, at 45oC, for 24 and 48 hours), traditional accelerated aging, saturated salt accelerated aging (for 48, 72 and 96 hours, at 38oC, 41oC and 45oC), electrical conductivity (25 or 50 seeds imbibed in 25 mL, 50 mL or 75 mL in water, at 20oC, 25oC and 30oC, for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours) and potassium leachate (50 or 100 seeds imbibed in 50 mL or 75 mL in water, at 25oC and 30oC, for 30 minutes, 1 h, 1,5 h, 2 h, 2,5 h, 3, 4 e 5 h). It was concluded that controlled deterioration and accelerated aging (tradicional procedure) tests, does not constitute an efficient option for the vigor evaluation of arugula seeds. The electrical conductivity using 50 seeds/50mL, at 25oC for 4 hours; the potassium lixiviation using 50 seeds/50mL, at 30oC for 2 hours; and the saturated salt accelerated aging using 41oC for 72 hours, showed to be sufficiently sensitive for the evaluation of the physiological potential of arugula seeds.
The quality of the seed used in the process of agricultural production is one of the main factors to be considered for the implantation of the culture, having consensus between all the segments, on the importance of the vigor of the seeds and the necessity to evaluate it. The work had as objective to study the efficiency of different methods in the evaluation of the physiological potential of seeds of arugula, searching to indicate options for use in programs of quality control adopted by producing institutions of seeds of this specie. Five seed lots each from the Rucula Cultivada e Rucula Gigante were used. The following tests were performed: germination, germination first count and seedling emergence. Specific studies were also conducted to the following tests: controlled deterioration (seed moisture content of 18%, 21% and 24%, at 45oC, for 24 and 48 hours), traditional accelerated aging, saturated salt accelerated aging (for 48, 72 and 96 hours, at 38oC, 41oC and 45oC), electrical conductivity (25 or 50 seeds imbibed in 25 mL, 50 mL or 75 mL in water, at 20oC, 25oC and 30oC, for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours) and potassium leachate (50 or 100 seeds imbibed in 50 mL or 75 mL in water, at 25oC and 30oC, for 30 minutes, 1 h, 1,5 h, 2 h, 2,5 h, 3, 4 e 5 h). It was concluded that controlled deterioration and accelerated aging (tradicional procedure) tests, does not constitute an efficient option for the vigor evaluation of arugula seeds. The electrical conductivity using 50 seeds/50mL, at 25oC for 4 hours; the potassium lixiviation using 50 seeds/50mL, at 30oC for 2 hours; and the saturated salt accelerated aging using 41oC for 72 hours, showed to be sufficiently sensitive for the evaluation of the physiological potential of arugula seeds.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sementes - Qualidade, Eruca sativa, Potencial fisiológico, Physiological potential
Como citar
ALVES, Charline Zaratin. Metodologias para avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de rúcula. 2007. 76 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2007.