Coberturas vegetais e adubação fosfatada no desenvolvimento e produtividade do feijoeiro cultivado no período de inverno em sistema plantio direto
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Data
2012-02-29
Autores
Silva, Mariana Pina da [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A utilização de resíduos vegetais no solo é uma prática cultural antiga. No entanto, com o passar dos anos, em função da utilização de fertilizantes químicos, esta prática foi perdendo interesse, porém recentemente tem despertado novamente a atenção por parte dos produtores e pesquisadores. O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o crescimento, produtividade e qualidade fisiológica do feijoeiro de inverno irrigado cultivado após diferentes plantas de cobertura, bem como as possíveis interações dessa pratica com diferentes doses de P 2O5 em semeadura, e a influência das plantas de cobertura sobre as características químicas e físicas do solo. A pesquisa foi conduzida no período de inverno de 2010 e 2011, na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade de Engenharia do Campus de Ilha Solteira – UNESP, localizada no Município de Selvíria/MS. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas com 4 repetições. Constituídos pela combinação de plantas de cobertura (milheto, Crotalaria juncea, mucuna-preta, guandu, milheto + Crotalaria juncea, milheto + guandu e milheto + mucuna-preta), além de ser também utilizada uma área em pousio, e níveis P2O5 em semeadura, constituídos por ausência de adubação fosfatada e doses de P2O5 (60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1). Foram avaliados: porcentagem de recobrimento, produção e teor de nutrientes na matéria seca das culturas de cobertura; teor de nutrientes nas folhas de feijoeiro; matéria seca das plantas; componentes de produção, produtividade e qualidade fisiológica das sementes. Foram realizadas avaliações físicas e químicas do solo. De acordo com os resultados, pode se concluir que: o uso de palhada de Crotalaria juncea, milheto + Crotalaria juncea e milheto + mucuna-preta proporcionaram melhores condições...
The use of plant residues in soil is an ancient cultural practice. However, over the years, depending on the use of chemical fertilizers, this practice was losing interest, but recently has attracted renewed attention from producers and researchers. The study aimed to analyze the growth, yield and physiological quality of irrigated winter common bean cultivated after different cover crops, as well as possible interactions of practice with different doses of P2O5 at sowing, and the influence of cover crops on the chemical characteristics and physical soil. The survey was conducted during winter 2010 and 2011, at the Unesp experimental farm, Ilha Solteira campus, in Selviria, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block in split plot with four replications. Constituted by the combination of cover crops (millet, sunn hemp, velvet bean, pigeon pea, pearl millet + sunn hemp, pearl millet + millet + pigeon pea and velvet bean), and is also used in a fallow field, and P 2O5 levels in seeding consisting of the absence of phosphate and levels of P2O5 (60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1). Were evaluated: percentage of coverage, production and nutrient content in dry matter of cover crops, nutrient content in bean leaves, plant dry matter, yield components, yield and physiological quality of seeds. Evaluations were carried out physical and chemical soil in relation to the use of cover crops. According to the results, it can be concluded that the use of straw sunn hemp, consortia millet + sunn hemp and millet + black velvet bean provided better conditions for the production of beans and economy in the application of phosphorus in no- tillage system, the species used as cover caused changes in soil chemical properties, the highest values of macroporosity and lower bulk density occurring in layer 0-0,20... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The use of plant residues in soil is an ancient cultural practice. However, over the years, depending on the use of chemical fertilizers, this practice was losing interest, but recently has attracted renewed attention from producers and researchers. The study aimed to analyze the growth, yield and physiological quality of irrigated winter common bean cultivated after different cover crops, as well as possible interactions of practice with different doses of P2O5 at sowing, and the influence of cover crops on the chemical characteristics and physical soil. The survey was conducted during winter 2010 and 2011, at the Unesp experimental farm, Ilha Solteira campus, in Selviria, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block in split plot with four replications. Constituted by the combination of cover crops (millet, sunn hemp, velvet bean, pigeon pea, pearl millet + sunn hemp, pearl millet + millet + pigeon pea and velvet bean), and is also used in a fallow field, and P 2O5 levels in seeding consisting of the absence of phosphate and levels of P2O5 (60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1). Were evaluated: percentage of coverage, production and nutrient content in dry matter of cover crops, nutrient content in bean leaves, plant dry matter, yield components, yield and physiological quality of seeds. Evaluations were carried out physical and chemical soil in relation to the use of cover crops. According to the results, it can be concluded that the use of straw sunn hemp, consortia millet + sunn hemp and millet + black velvet bean provided better conditions for the production of beans and economy in the application of phosphorus in no- tillage system, the species used as cover caused changes in soil chemical properties, the highest values of macroporosity and lower bulk density occurring in layer 0-0,20... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Feijão - Cobertura vegetal - Produtividade, Pennisetum americanum L, Bean - Plant residues in soil - Productivity
Como citar
SILVA, Mariana Pina da. Coberturas vegetais e adubação fosfatada no desenvolvimento e produtividade do feijoeiro cultivado no período de inverno em sistema plantio direto. 2012. 93 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2012.