Medidas da dinâmica respiratória em crianças de quatro a dez anos
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Data
2006-12-01
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Editor
Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda.
Resumo
TEMA: medidas da dinâmica respiratória são freqüentemente utilizadas na clínica fonoaudiológica, mas poucos são os dados científicos destas na população infantil. OBJETIVO: estudar a dinâmica respiratória entre crianças que respiram pelo modo nasal. MÉTODO: o estudo foi realizado com uma amostra aleatória estratificada de 106 crianças respiradoras nasais de escolas da cidade de Marília / SP, entre quatro e dez anos de ambos os sexos. Foram realizadas as medidas de capacidade vital (CV), nas posições em pé e sentada, com e sem oclusão nasal; de tempo máximo de fonação (TMF) de vogais e consoantes sustentadas, além de fala em seqüência com a contagem de números. RESULTADOS: a medida média da CV na posição em pé com e sem oclusão nasal foi 1515,56 ml e 1538,67 ml respectivamente e na posição sentada, 1524 ml e 1539,15 ml respectivamente; o TMF das vogais em segundos foi: /a/ = 8,32 , /i/ = 8,61 e /u/ 8,42; o de consoantes foi: /s/ = 6,64 e /z/ = 7,65 e o de seqüência de números foi de 7,76 segundos. Resultados: observou-se que o tempo médio destas medidas aumentou progressivamente conforme as faixas etárias. Tanto para o TMF das vogais como, para o das consoantes, houve diferença estatística significante (p < 0,05) nas idades mais distantes, ou seja, entre quatro e dez anos, quatro e nove, e quatro e oito anos. em faixas etárias consecutivas não houve diferença estatística significante nos valores de CV. Houve forte associação entre a CV e o crescimento físico da criança. CONCLUSÃO: esse estudo mostrou medidas de dinâmica respiratória em crianças que podem ser úteis no diagnóstico e terapia fonoaudiológica. Outras pesquisas deveriam ser desenvolvidas para adicionais informações sobre o assunto.
BACKGROUND: respiratory dynamics measurements are frequently used in the speech-language pathology practice, but few are the scientific data for children. AIM: to study the respiratory dynamics in children with nasal breathing. METHOD: the study was performed with a stratified random sample of 106 nasal breathing children, male and female, from schools of the city of Marília-SP, with ages between four and ten years. The following measurements were obtained: vital capacity (VC) in both standing and sitting positions, with and without nasal occlusion; maximum phonation time (MPT) of sustained vowels and consonants and also of speech when counting numbers. RESULTS: the mean values for VC in the standing position with and without nasal occlusion were of 1515.56ml and 1538.67ml respectively and for the sitting position of 1524ml and 1539.15ml respectively. MPT of vowels in seconds were: /a/ = 8.32, /i/ = 8.61 and /u/ = 8.42; of consonants: /s/ = 6.64 and /z/ = 7.65; and when counting numbers: 7.76. It was observed that the mean values of these measurements progressively increased according to age. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) not only for the MPT of vowels but also for the MPT of consonants in older children, i.e. between 4 and 10 year olds, 4 and 9 year olds and 4 and 8 year olds. There was no significant statistical difference for the VC values in consecutive age groups. There was a strong association between VC and the child's physical development. CONCLUSION: this study presented respiratory dynamics measurements in children that can be used for the speech-language diagnosis and therapy. Other studies should be developed in order to bring additional information on the subject.
BACKGROUND: respiratory dynamics measurements are frequently used in the speech-language pathology practice, but few are the scientific data for children. AIM: to study the respiratory dynamics in children with nasal breathing. METHOD: the study was performed with a stratified random sample of 106 nasal breathing children, male and female, from schools of the city of Marília-SP, with ages between four and ten years. The following measurements were obtained: vital capacity (VC) in both standing and sitting positions, with and without nasal occlusion; maximum phonation time (MPT) of sustained vowels and consonants and also of speech when counting numbers. RESULTS: the mean values for VC in the standing position with and without nasal occlusion were of 1515.56ml and 1538.67ml respectively and for the sitting position of 1524ml and 1539.15ml respectively. MPT of vowels in seconds were: /a/ = 8.32, /i/ = 8.61 and /u/ = 8.42; of consonants: /s/ = 6.64 and /z/ = 7.65; and when counting numbers: 7.76. It was observed that the mean values of these measurements progressively increased according to age. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) not only for the MPT of vowels but also for the MPT of consonants in older children, i.e. between 4 and 10 year olds, 4 and 9 year olds and 4 and 8 year olds. There was no significant statistical difference for the VC values in consecutive age groups. There was a strong association between VC and the child's physical development. CONCLUSION: this study presented respiratory dynamics measurements in children that can be used for the speech-language diagnosis and therapy. Other studies should be developed in order to bring additional information on the subject.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Capacidade Vital, Fonação, Respiração, Vital Capacity, Phonation, Respiration
Como citar
Pró-Fono Revista de Atualização Científica. Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., v. 18, n. 3, p. 313-322, 2006.