Desenvolvimento e avaliação de uma miniestação ecoeficiente de tratamento de esgoto e reuso de águas, com sistemas registrador queimador, para baixa vazões de biogás e cogeração de energia
Carregando...
Data
2010-07-30
Autores
Godoy Junior, Ederaldo [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho trata do desenvolvimento, do processo construtivo, da implantação e da análise técnica, econômica e ambiental de uma miniETERA (miniestação ecoeficiente de tratamento de esgoto e reuso de águas), em PVC e concreto armado, associada a um sistema de cogeração de energia a biogás e a um sistema registrador e queimador de biogás para baixas vazões. A miniETERA é composta por três digestores anaeróbios de fluxo ascendente, em manto de lodo, do tipo UASB (upflow anaerobic slodge blancket) modificado, dispostos em série, formando cascata, seguido de um digestor híbrido aeróbio (com ar) e anóxio (sem ar na presença de nitrato). Para efeito do trabalho foi avaliada a eficiência dos reatores UASB, cuja redução média da DQO (demanda química de oxigênio) do efluente foi de 80,1%, sem a utilização de elementos eletromecânicos. O biogás produzido pelo sistema apresentou concentração média de 57,99% de metano no UASB I, devida à hidrólise, e de 80,45% de metano no UASB II, devida essencialmente à atividade metanogênica. O sistema compacto de cogeração de energia desenvolvido é composto por um motogerador de potência nominal de 5,5 kW a gasolina, convertido a biogás e/ou gás natural a baixa pressão (GNBP), acoplado a um trocador de calor gás/água, para a geração de energia elétrica e água quente. O cogerador compacto foi testado experimentalmente, utilizando biogás oriundo do tratamento anaeróbio de resíduo avícola, com uma porcentagem de 60% de metano; obteve-se uma potência útil de 2,6 kW e, no caso do uso de GNBP, a partir de GNV (gás natural veicular) despressurizado, obteve-se uma potência útil de 4,2 kW. O reuso de água foi feito por meio de sistema de fertirrigação de um bosque em 12 formação, com o efluente tratado. A análise técnica e econômica...
This paper deals with the development of the constructive process, and deployment of technical, economic and environmental dimensions of a EMSTWR (ecoefficient ministation of sewage treatment and water reuse), PVC and concrete, coupled with a cogeneration system to biogas energy system and a recorder and burner biogas for low flow. The Miniet is composed of two anaerobic digesters in upflow sludge blanket, UASB type (Upflow Anaerobic slodge blancket) modified, arranged in series forming cascade, followed by an aerobic digester Hybrid (air) and anóxio (no air in the presence nitrate) for the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of UASB reactors, whose average reduction of COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the effluent was 80.1% without the use of electromechanical components. The biogas produced by the system showed an average concentration of 57.99% methane in UASB I, due to hydrolysis, and 80.454% methane in UASB II, mainly due to methanogenic activity. The compact cogeneration power developed is composed of a motogenerator rated at 5.5 kW gasoline, or converted to biogas and natural gas at low pressure (NGLP) coupled to a heat exchanger gas / water for the generation electricity and warm water. The compact cogenerator was tested experimentally using biogas originating from anaerobic treatment of poultry manure, with a percentage of 60% methane, we obtained an output of 2.6 kW, and in case of using NGLP from NGV (Natural Gas Vehicle) depressurized, we obtained an output of 4.2 kW. Reuse of water was done through fertigation system in formation of a forest, with the treated effluent. A technical and economic analysis of EMSTWR compared with traditional systems of 14 sewage treatment, was interesting from the standpoint of environmental, energy and economic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This paper deals with the development of the constructive process, and deployment of technical, economic and environmental dimensions of a EMSTWR (ecoefficient ministation of sewage treatment and water reuse), PVC and concrete, coupled with a cogeneration system to biogas energy system and a recorder and burner biogas for low flow. The Miniet is composed of two anaerobic digesters in upflow sludge blanket, UASB type (Upflow Anaerobic slodge blancket) modified, arranged in series forming cascade, followed by an aerobic digester Hybrid (air) and anóxio (no air in the presence nitrate) for the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of UASB reactors, whose average reduction of COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the effluent was 80.1% without the use of electromechanical components. The biogas produced by the system showed an average concentration of 57.99% methane in UASB I, due to hydrolysis, and 80.454% methane in UASB II, mainly due to methanogenic activity. The compact cogeneration power developed is composed of a motogenerator rated at 5.5 kW gasoline, or converted to biogas and natural gas at low pressure (NGLP) coupled to a heat exchanger gas / water for the generation electricity and warm water. The compact cogenerator was tested experimentally using biogas originating from anaerobic treatment of poultry manure, with a percentage of 60% methane, we obtained an output of 2.6 kW, and in case of using NGLP from NGV (Natural Gas Vehicle) depressurized, we obtained an output of 4.2 kW. Reuse of water was done through fertigation system in formation of a forest, with the treated effluent. A technical and economic analysis of EMSTWR compared with traditional systems of 14 sewage treatment, was interesting from the standpoint of environmental, energy and economic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Energia eletrica e calor - Cogeração, Biogas, Water - Treatment aund reuse
Como citar
GODOY JUNIOR, Ederaldo. Desenvolvimento e avaliação de uma miniestação ecoeficiente de tratamento de esgoto e reuso de águas, com sistemas registrador queimador, para baixa vazões de biogás e cogeração de energia. 2010. 158 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá, 2010.