O setor elétrico brasileiro: passado e futuro
Carregando...
Data
2001
Autores
Lorenzo, Helena Carvalho [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este artigo analisa as possibilidades de uma estratégia nacional da política energética com visão de longo prazo, que sinalize, tanto para as agências do governo quanto para a iniciativa privada, o rumo que se deseja seguir e que garanta as responsabilidades e o atendimento à sociedade. Por isso, retoma as características da formação e do desenvolvimento inicial do setor elétrico brasileiro, destacando a montagem de um eficiente modelo institucional estatal que garantiu, durante décadas, o crescimento econômico e o atendimento à população. Em seguida analisa, resumidamente, as crises que caracterizavam o setor e as empresas, a partir dos anos 70, e seus desdobramentos que desembocaram na organização de uma reforma institucional privilegiando a participação da iniciativa privada no setor. A parte final do artigo analisa diversos problemas, tendências e questões ainda em aberto decorrentes da marcha da transição rumo ao novo modelo institucional e da crise de energia elétrica mais recente. Destaca a importância das decisões da administração pública na transição e da revisão de conceitos relativos à reforma do Estado, no caso os limites do estado mínimo e dos mercados competitivos, na elaboração de uma estratégia de longo prazo para o setor.
This paper analyzes the possibilities of a long-term strategy in Brazil for the electrical energy policy, which indicate for both the governmen-tal and private agencies the expected procedures, responsibilities and the needs of society. This task resumes the definition of the characteristics and the steps for the development of the national sector of electrical power, presenting the construction of the efficient institutional governmental model, which answered for decades for the economical growth, and the needs of society. Starting from the 70's, it then analyzes the crises, which characterized the sector and the companies and its later development, which ended up in an institutional reform, which favored the operation of prívate enterprises. The last part of the paper analyses the many problems, tendencies and the still open questions that arouse because of the transition period towards a new institutional model and the recent electrical energy crisis. It also underlines the importance of the public administration decisions in this transition and the revision ofthe concepts related to the reform of the State, such as the limits of the minimum state and ofthe competitive markets, when the long-term strategy is elaborated.
This paper analyzes the possibilities of a long-term strategy in Brazil for the electrical energy policy, which indicate for both the governmen-tal and private agencies the expected procedures, responsibilities and the needs of society. This task resumes the definition of the characteristics and the steps for the development of the national sector of electrical power, presenting the construction of the efficient institutional governmental model, which answered for decades for the economical growth, and the needs of society. Starting from the 70's, it then analyzes the crises, which characterized the sector and the companies and its later development, which ended up in an institutional reform, which favored the operation of prívate enterprises. The last part of the paper analyses the many problems, tendencies and the still open questions that arouse because of the transition period towards a new institutional model and the recent electrical energy crisis. It also underlines the importance of the public administration decisions in this transition and the revision ofthe concepts related to the reform of the State, such as the limits of the minimum state and ofthe competitive markets, when the long-term strategy is elaborated.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Estado e energia elétrica, setor elétrico brasileiro, reforma institucional do setor elétrico, regulamentação econômica e setor elétrico
Como citar
Perspectivas: Revista de Ciências Sociais, v. 24/25, 2001/2002.