O escorpião e o jaguar: o memorialismo prospectivo d'O Ateneu, de Raul Pompéia
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Data
2014-05-14
Autores
Sandanello, Franco Baptista [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A tese de doutoramento aqui apresentada tem por objeto de estudo o romance O Ateneu, de Raul Pompéia, publicado em 1888 em folhetim pela Gazeta de Notícias e, meses mais tarde, em volume, pela tipografia do mesmo jornal. Estuda-se o processo narrativo da obra a partir de uma discussão inicial de sua recepção crítica, em que se observam três tendências interpretativas distintas: uma primeira de viés biográfico, bastante comum até a década de 1940; uma segunda, de viés social, iniciada logo após a anterior, e continuada ainda hoje; e uma última, de viés revisionista, mais atual, pautada na análise de aspectos até então considerados acessórios pela crítica. Dentre estes aspectos, está o tratamento cada vez mais aprofundado da narração autodiegética e do memorialismo latente já no subtítulo do romance – “Crônica de saudades”. Para tanto, discute-se a seguir a natureza teórica da narrativa de memórias, levantando-se diversos textos de teoria da narrativa como embasamento teórico da exposição. Propõe-se, assim, o uso de uma terminologia que busca categorizar em três grandes grupos as narrativas de memórias, de acordo com sua orientação mais voltada para o passado da ação – “narrativa retrospectiva” –, para o presente da narração – “narrativa presentificativa” – ou para o processo de leitura e recepção das memórias – “narrativa prospectiva”. A análise posterior de diversos elementos da narração d’O Ateneu chega à conclusão de que o romance de Pompéia representa um exemplo acabado de “narrativa prospectiva”, em que o narrador manipula a infância vivida no internato para fazer-se de vítima do sistema, e, assim, reverter a lógica de opressão a que fora submetido no Ateneu
The present thesis has for its main objective the study of O Ateneu, by Raul Pompeia, a novel published as a feuilleton in Gazeta de Notícias in 1888 and printed a few months later in book format at the offices of the same newspaper. Starting with an initial discussion of its critical reception, in which are regarded three different interpretative tendencies – a “biographical” one, commonly found until 1940; a “social” one, started around 1940 and still active nowadays; and a “revisionist” one, the most current tendency, on the analysis of many aspects of the novel regarded so far as of a lesser importance – it is emphasized the evaluation of its autodiegetic narration and of its latent memoirism, already foreseen in the novel’s subtitle – “Crônica de saudades”. The theoretical nature of memoirist narrative is discussed afterwards with the support of a variety of theoretical texts. Finally, a terminology that arranges three major groups of memoiristic narratives, according to their orientation towards the past of the diegesis – “retrospective narrative” –, the present of the narration – “presentificative narrative” – or the reading process and the reception of the memoirs – “prospective narrative” – is propounded. The analysis of important elements of O Ateneu’s narration concludes that Pompeia’s novel represents a perfect example of a “prospective narrative”, in which the narrator manipulates the remembrance of his childhood to perform the role of a victim, therefore reversing the logic of oppression to which he was subdued in Ateneu
The present thesis has for its main objective the study of O Ateneu, by Raul Pompeia, a novel published as a feuilleton in Gazeta de Notícias in 1888 and printed a few months later in book format at the offices of the same newspaper. Starting with an initial discussion of its critical reception, in which are regarded three different interpretative tendencies – a “biographical” one, commonly found until 1940; a “social” one, started around 1940 and still active nowadays; and a “revisionist” one, the most current tendency, on the analysis of many aspects of the novel regarded so far as of a lesser importance – it is emphasized the evaluation of its autodiegetic narration and of its latent memoirism, already foreseen in the novel’s subtitle – “Crônica de saudades”. The theoretical nature of memoirist narrative is discussed afterwards with the support of a variety of theoretical texts. Finally, a terminology that arranges three major groups of memoiristic narratives, according to their orientation towards the past of the diegesis – “retrospective narrative” –, the present of the narration – “presentificative narrative” – or the reading process and the reception of the memoirs – “prospective narrative” – is propounded. The analysis of important elements of O Ateneu’s narration concludes that Pompeia’s novel represents a perfect example of a “prospective narrative”, in which the narrator manipulates the remembrance of his childhood to perform the role of a victim, therefore reversing the logic of oppression to which he was subdued in Ateneu
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pompeia, Raul 1863-1895, Literatura, Literatura brasileira, Memoria, Narrativa (Retorica), Brazilian literature
Como citar
SANDANELLO, Franco Baptista. O escorpião e o jaguar: o memorialismo prospectivo d'O Ateneu, de Raul Pompéia. 2014. 261 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciencias e Letras (Campus de Araraquara), 2014.