Método para avaliação de risco ambiental de acidentes de trânsito envolvendo produtos perigosos usando análise multicritério
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Data
2014-08-11
Autores
Cordeiro, Francyelly Giovany [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A preocupação com o transporte rodoviário de produtos perigosos (TRPP) vem aumentando nos últimos anos devido: ao crescente consumo deste tipo de produto, que tem uma relação direta com uma maior movimentação desta carga nas rodovias; a a dominância do TRPP sobre outros modos; a crescente urbanização ao longo das rodovias e a utilização de veículos de carga com idade avançada, aumentando a ocorrência e a gravidade dos acidentes. Por esta razão, existe uma demanda por estudos ambientais que avaliem o risco associado com o transporte de produtos perigos, direcionando ações preventivas e corretivas do setor público e privado a fim de reduzir o risco e minimizar os danos provocados por acidentes com este tipo de material. Sendo assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi propor uma metodologia para a identificação dos elementos que farão parte para a determinação do risco ambiental no TRPP que poderá ser aplicada em locais distintos, pois as características regionais podem ser bastante diversas influenciando na determinação ro risco final. Buscou-se uma nova abordagem para a determinação da vulnerabilidade ambiental, da vulnerabilidade populacional e da probabilidade de acidentes incluindo a análise multicritério para a ponderação e combinação dos critérios. O modelo foi implementado em um Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG), para a elaboração do mapa de risco ambiental e identificação dos trechos críticos da rodovia em estudo. Os dados de acidentes com o TRPP foram analisados, para o período de Janeiro de 2012 a Dezembro de 2013, nas rodovias SP 225 e SP 327 no trecho que liga Bauru à Ourinhos. A rodovia SP 225 possui um trecho de alto risco ambiental por ser um local que corta a malha urbana com alta densidade populacional e também por ser cortado pelo Rio Batalha utilizado para captação pública do município de Bauru. Na SP 327 o risco ambiental é baixo, pois a probabilidade de ocorrência de...
Concerns about the road transportation of hazardous materials (RTHM) have been increasing over the last few years mainly due to: the increasing consumption of this kind of goods, which has a direct relation with the increase in road transportation of these goods; the dominance of RTHM over other transport means: the growing urbanization along roads and using old trucks for transportation, increasing the occurrence and severity of accidents. For this reason, there is a demand for environmental studies that assess the risk involved in the transportation of hazardous goods, so that they can lead to preventive and corrective measures from the public and private sectors in order to reduce the risk and minimize damage caused by accidents involving this kind of material. Thus, the goal of this study was to propose a methodology to identify the elements that will influence to determinate the environmental risk in the RTHM, which may be applied for different sites, since the varied regional characteristics influence the determination of the final risk. A new approach will be tried to determinte environment vulnerability, population vulnerability and the probability of accidents including the multicriteria analysis for weighting and combination of criteria. The model was implemented in a Geographic Information System (GLS), to evaluate the map of environmental risk and to identify the dangerous parts of the road begin studied. The data of accidents with the RTHM was analyzed, for the period between January 2012 and December 2013, on the highways SP 225 and SP 327, in the part that connects Bauru to Ourinhos. The highway SP 225 has a part with high environmental risk, because it is in a place that cuts the urban fabric with a high population density, and also for being crossed by the River Batalha, used in the drinking water abstraction in Bauru sites. On the SP 327 the environmental risk is very low, because the probability to occur accidents is...
Concerns about the road transportation of hazardous materials (RTHM) have been increasing over the last few years mainly due to: the increasing consumption of this kind of goods, which has a direct relation with the increase in road transportation of these goods; the dominance of RTHM over other transport means: the growing urbanization along roads and using old trucks for transportation, increasing the occurrence and severity of accidents. For this reason, there is a demand for environmental studies that assess the risk involved in the transportation of hazardous goods, so that they can lead to preventive and corrective measures from the public and private sectors in order to reduce the risk and minimize damage caused by accidents involving this kind of material. Thus, the goal of this study was to propose a methodology to identify the elements that will influence to determinate the environmental risk in the RTHM, which may be applied for different sites, since the varied regional characteristics influence the determination of the final risk. A new approach will be tried to determinte environment vulnerability, population vulnerability and the probability of accidents including the multicriteria analysis for weighting and combination of criteria. The model was implemented in a Geographic Information System (GLS), to evaluate the map of environmental risk and to identify the dangerous parts of the road begin studied. The data of accidents with the RTHM was analyzed, for the period between January 2012 and December 2013, on the highways SP 225 and SP 327, in the part that connects Bauru to Ourinhos. The highway SP 225 has a part with high environmental risk, because it is in a place that cuts the urban fabric with a high population density, and also for being crossed by the River Batalha, used in the drinking water abstraction in Bauru sites. On the SP 327 the environmental risk is very low, because the probability to occur accidents is...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sistemas de informação geografica, Substâncias perigosas, Transporte rodoviario de carga, Avaliação de riscos ambientais, Geographic information systems
Como citar
CORDEIRO, Francyelly Giovany. Método para avaliação de risco ambiental de acidentes de trânsito envolvendo produtos perigosos usando análise multicritério. 2014. 189 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Engenharia, 2014.