Avaliação da erodibilidade pelo método Inderbitzen em solo não saturado da região de Bauru - SP
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Data
2014-06-30
Autores
Campos, Camila Jorge Moretti de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta resultados acerca da avaliação da erodibilidade de um solo não saturado localizado em uma área urbana de Bauru-SP afetada por um processo erosivo. O processo erosivo em questão se desencadeou devido a intervenção antrópicas no local sem devidas precauções para amenização do impacto causado, como o desmatamento, impermeabilização do solo e construção de loteamentos residenciais de alto padrão com projetos inadequados e falta de obras de infra-estrutura de drenagem. A avaliação do fenômeno se due por meio de levantamento bibliográfico do tema, principalmente do histórico de informações disponíveis acerca do processo erosivo, observações de campo e ensaios de laboratório: caracterização, erodibilidade através do Inderbitzen e cisalhamento direto, além de ensaios para medida e controle de sucção das amostras, afim de se obter a curva de retenção e valores de comparação através deste parâmetro para os ensaios de erodibilidade. Todos os ensaios foram realizados em amostras de dois locais distintos ao longo do processo erosivo. Os solos da região são residuais de Arenito, caracterizados como areias finas a médias argilosiltosas. Os resultados dos ensaios de erodibilidade através do Inderbitzen mostraram grande quantidade de solo carreada pelo escoamento hídrico superficial, sendo maiores taxas ocorridas no solo do Local A. A perda de solo variou em sua quantidade de acordo com a inclinação da rampa. Assim, quanto maior a inclinação da rampa, maior a quantidade de perda do solo, que demonstra a susceptibilidade deste solo à erosão hídrica em locais com a topografia mais acentuada. Em geral, a maior taxa de erodibilidade ocorreu no tempo de 5 minutos, com uma tendência à estabilização nos tempos seguintes. Essa tendência ocorreu nos diferentes tipos de amostras utilizadas, exceto para a amostra com sucção de 0 kPa, que apresentou o pico de maior perda de...
This master's dissertation reports an assessment of the erodibility of unsaturated soil located in an urban are affected by erosion in Bauru, São Paulo. The erosion process in question was triggered by human interference at the site, which was undertaken without proper precautions to reduce the resulting impact, which included deforestation, sealing of the soil, use of inadequate plans to construct high-end residential subdivisions, and lack of drainage infrastructure. The phenomenon was assessed by a survey of the literature-principally historical information related to the erosion process - field observations, and laboratory tests: characterization, erodibility as assessed by the Inderbitzen and direct shear tests, and tests to measure and monitor soil suction of the samples in order to obtain the soil-water retention curve and comparison values through this parameter for the erodibility tests. All tests were performed on samples from two distinct locations throughout the erosion zone. The soils from the region are remnants of sandstone and are characterized as clay-sit soils with fine to medium sand. The Inderbitzen tests showed a large amount of soil carried away by water flow, with higher rates registered for the soil from Location A. Soil loss varied in quantify according to the slope of the ramp. Consequently, the greater the slope of the ramp, the greater the amount of soil loss, which demonstrates the susceptibility of this soil to erosion resulting from water in places with more pronounced topography. In general, the highest rate of erodibility occurred at 5 min, with a tendency to stability thereafter. This tendency occurred in the different types of samples used, except for the sample with soil suction of 0 KPa, which showed the greatest soil loss at 1 min. This demonstrates the influences of soil suction in the first moments of contact with the water flowing in the Inderbitzen test. The direct shear tests showed that the...
This master's dissertation reports an assessment of the erodibility of unsaturated soil located in an urban are affected by erosion in Bauru, São Paulo. The erosion process in question was triggered by human interference at the site, which was undertaken without proper precautions to reduce the resulting impact, which included deforestation, sealing of the soil, use of inadequate plans to construct high-end residential subdivisions, and lack of drainage infrastructure. The phenomenon was assessed by a survey of the literature-principally historical information related to the erosion process - field observations, and laboratory tests: characterization, erodibility as assessed by the Inderbitzen and direct shear tests, and tests to measure and monitor soil suction of the samples in order to obtain the soil-water retention curve and comparison values through this parameter for the erodibility tests. All tests were performed on samples from two distinct locations throughout the erosion zone. The soils from the region are remnants of sandstone and are characterized as clay-sit soils with fine to medium sand. The Inderbitzen tests showed a large amount of soil carried away by water flow, with higher rates registered for the soil from Location A. Soil loss varied in quantify according to the slope of the ramp. Consequently, the greater the slope of the ramp, the greater the amount of soil loss, which demonstrates the susceptibility of this soil to erosion resulting from water in places with more pronounced topography. In general, the highest rate of erodibility occurred at 5 min, with a tendency to stability thereafter. This tendency occurred in the different types of samples used, except for the sample with soil suction of 0 KPa, which showed the greatest soil loss at 1 min. This demonstrates the influences of soil suction in the first moments of contact with the water flowing in the Inderbitzen test. The direct shear tests showed that the...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Erosão, Solos, Impacto ambiental, Erosion
Como citar
CAMPOS, Camila Jorge Moretti de. Avaliação da erodibilidade pelo método Inderbitzen em solo não saturado da região de Bauru - SP. 2014. 140 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Engenharia, 2014.