Avaliação do potencial mutagênico e bioacumulador de metais pesados de Baccharis trimera Less e Equisetum hyemale L
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Data
2014-09-12
Autores
Moraes, Vanessa Marques de Oliveira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Alguns bioacumuladores são bioindicadores, pois determinam a presença de substâncias tóxicas. Estes são constituídos de organismos que podem sobreviver em um restrito espectro de condições naturais e as alterações ambientais podem causar modificações nas funções biológicas e no seu material genético. Os mutágenos são agentes que causam alterações na sequência do DNA correspondendo às mutações induzidas, sendo os metais pesados os mutágenos mais comuns em ambientes aquáticos. Baccharis trimera Less (carqueja) é uma planta arbustiva que se destaca pela sua capacidade de acumular metais pesados presentes na água. Equisetum hyemale L. (cavalinha) é uma planta vascular sem semente considerada como um depósito de minerais e vitaminas. O objetivo deste projeto foi avaliar o potencial mutagênico e bioacumulador de metais pesados de B. trimera Less e E. hyemale L. Os espécimes de carqueja e cavalinha foram cultivados e expostos à solução de metal e controles por 30 dias. As partes vegetativas coletadas foram trituradas e secas em estufa para a preparação dos extratos. Os extratos etanólico e aquoso foram preparados em diferentes concentrações com água ultra pura. Os metais pesados presentes nos extratos foram quantificados por meio da análise de absorção atômica. O Teste de Allium cepa foi realizado para analisar a atividade genotóxica dos extratos. Baccharis trimera e Equisetum hyemale são espécies bioacumuladoras de diferentes metais pesados. O extrato etanólico e infuso de B. trimera e E. hyemale interferem no índice mitótico e são capazes de promover atividade genotóxica em células meristemáticas de raiz de Allium cepa
Some biomarkers are bio-accumulators, as they determine the presence of toxic substances. These are made up of organisms that can survive in a restricted range of natural conditions and environmental changes can cause changes in biological functions and their genetic material. The mutagens are agents that cause alterations in the DNA sequence corresponding to the induced change, the heavy metals being the most common mutagens in aquatic environments. Baccharis trimera Less (gorse) is a shrubby plant that stands out for its ability to accumulate heavy metals present in the water. Equisetum hyemale L. (horsetail) is a vascular seedless considered a deposit of minerals and vitamins plant. The objective of this project was to evaluate the mutagenic potential of heavy metals and bioaccumulative B. trimera Less and E. hyemale L. specimens of gorse and horsetail were cultured and exposed to the metal solution and controls for 30 days. The collected vegetative parts were ground and dried in an oven for the preparation of extracts. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared at different concentrations with ultrapure water. Heavy metals present in the extracts were quantified by atomic absorption analysis. The Allium cepa test was performed to analyze the genotoxic activity of the extracts. Baccharis trimera and Equisetum hyemale bioacumuladoras are different species of heavy metals. The ethanol extract and infusion of B.trimera and E. hyemale interfere with the mitotic index and are able to promote genotoxic activity in root meristematic cells of Allium cepa
Some biomarkers are bio-accumulators, as they determine the presence of toxic substances. These are made up of organisms that can survive in a restricted range of natural conditions and environmental changes can cause changes in biological functions and their genetic material. The mutagens are agents that cause alterations in the DNA sequence corresponding to the induced change, the heavy metals being the most common mutagens in aquatic environments. Baccharis trimera Less (gorse) is a shrubby plant that stands out for its ability to accumulate heavy metals present in the water. Equisetum hyemale L. (horsetail) is a vascular seedless considered a deposit of minerals and vitamins plant. The objective of this project was to evaluate the mutagenic potential of heavy metals and bioaccumulative B. trimera Less and E. hyemale L. specimens of gorse and horsetail were cultured and exposed to the metal solution and controls for 30 days. The collected vegetative parts were ground and dried in an oven for the preparation of extracts. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared at different concentrations with ultrapure water. Heavy metals present in the extracts were quantified by atomic absorption analysis. The Allium cepa test was performed to analyze the genotoxic activity of the extracts. Baccharis trimera and Equisetum hyemale bioacumuladoras are different species of heavy metals. The ethanol extract and infusion of B.trimera and E. hyemale interfere with the mitotic index and are able to promote genotoxic activity in root meristematic cells of Allium cepa
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Palavras-chave
Bioacumulacao, Indicadores (Biologia), Carqueja, Plantas medicinais, Mutagenese, Biological accumulation
Como citar
MORAES, Vanessa Marques de Oliveira. Avaliação do potencial mutagênico e bioacumulador de metais pesados de Baccharis trimera Less e Equisetum hyemale L. 2014. 48 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Assis, 2014.