Estudo comparativo do acúmulo de massa seca e macronutrientes por plantas de milho var. BR-106 e Brachiaria plantaginea
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Data
2007-01-01
Autores
Carvalho, L.B. [UNESP]
Bianco, S. [UNESP]
Pitelli, R.A. [UNESP]
Bianco, M.S. [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas
Resumo
Foram realizados dois experimentos, em casa de vegetação, no Departamento de Biologia Aplicada à Agropecuária da FCAV-UNESP de Jaboticabal, objetivando-se determinar o acúmulo de massa seca e a distribuição e acúmulo de macronutrientes em plantas de milho, no período de outubro de 2000 a fevereiro de 2001, e de capim-marmelada, no período de setembro de 2003 a fevereiro de 2004. Os estudos foram realizados em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. As plantas cresceram em vasos com capacidade de sete litros - preenchidos com areia de rio lavada e peneirada - e foram irrigadas diariamente com solução nutritiva. Os tratamentos foram representados pelas épocas de amostragem realizadas a intervalos de 14 dias, a saber: 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105, 119 e 133 dias após a emergência (DAE) das plantas de milho; e 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105, 119, 133 e 147 DAE das plantas de capim-marmelada. O ponto de máximo acúmulo teórico de massa seca deu-se aos 122 DAE para o milho (143,8 g por planta) e aos 143 DAE para o capim-marmelada (23,9 g por planta). A taxa de absorção diária dos macronutrientes atingiu maiores valores entre 71 e 104 DAE para o milho e entre 96 e 111 DAE para a planta daninha. Levando-se em conta a média dos valores de pontos de inflexão observados na cultura do milho, aos 85 DAE uma planta de milho acumula, teoricamente, 83,0 g de massa seca; 788,9 mg de N; 137,5 mg de P; 1.385,6 mg de K; 551,8 mg de Ca; 217,9 mg de Mg; e 92,5 mg de S. Enquanto que, no mesmo período, uma planta de B. plantaginea acumula, teoricamente, 9,6 g de massa seca; 127,8 mg de N; 15,9 mg de P; 217,3 mg de K; 43,9 mg de Ca; 58,3 mg de Mg; e 15,8 mg de S.
Two trials were conducted under greenhouse conditions at the FCAV/UNESP facilities in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, to determine dry matter accumulation, as well as macronutrient distribution and accumulation in maize plants from October 2000 to February 2001, and in Alexandergrass, a major maize weed, especially in southern Brazil, from September 2003 to February 2004. The trials were arranged in a completely randomized experimental design, with four replicates. The plants were grown in seven-liter pots, filled with sand and irrigated daily with nutrient solution. The treatments consisted of different evaluations taken every 14 days, as follows: at 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105, 119 and 133 days after maize plant emergence, and at 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105, 119, 133 and 147 days after Alexandergrass emergence. The maximum theoretical dry matter accumulation point occurred at 122 days after emergence (DAE) for maize plants (143.8 g per plant) and at 143 DAE for Alexandergrass (23.9 g per plant). Daily absorption rate of macronutrients reached the greatest values between 71 and 104 DAE for maize plants and between 96 and 111 DAE for the weed. Taking into account the average values of the inflexion points observed for maize crops, it is possible to estimate that at 85 DAE one maize plant accumulates theoretically 83.0 g of dry matter; 788.9 mg of N; 137.5 mg of P; 1385.6 mg of K; 551.8 mg of Ca; 217.9 mg of Mg and 92.5 mg of S. In the same period, a B. plantaginea plant accumulates theoretically 9.6 g of dry matter; 127.8 mg of N; 15.9 mg of P; 217.3 mg of K; 43.9 mg of Ca; 58.3 mg of Mg and 15.8 mg of S.
Two trials were conducted under greenhouse conditions at the FCAV/UNESP facilities in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, to determine dry matter accumulation, as well as macronutrient distribution and accumulation in maize plants from October 2000 to February 2001, and in Alexandergrass, a major maize weed, especially in southern Brazil, from September 2003 to February 2004. The trials were arranged in a completely randomized experimental design, with four replicates. The plants were grown in seven-liter pots, filled with sand and irrigated daily with nutrient solution. The treatments consisted of different evaluations taken every 14 days, as follows: at 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105, 119 and 133 days after maize plant emergence, and at 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105, 119, 133 and 147 days after Alexandergrass emergence. The maximum theoretical dry matter accumulation point occurred at 122 days after emergence (DAE) for maize plants (143.8 g per plant) and at 143 DAE for Alexandergrass (23.9 g per plant). Daily absorption rate of macronutrients reached the greatest values between 71 and 104 DAE for maize plants and between 96 and 111 DAE for the weed. Taking into account the average values of the inflexion points observed for maize crops, it is possible to estimate that at 85 DAE one maize plant accumulates theoretically 83.0 g of dry matter; 788.9 mg of N; 137.5 mg of P; 1385.6 mg of K; 551.8 mg of Ca; 217.9 mg of Mg and 92.5 mg of S. In the same period, a B. plantaginea plant accumulates theoretically 9.6 g of dry matter; 127.8 mg of N; 15.9 mg of P; 217.3 mg of K; 43.9 mg of Ca; 58.3 mg of Mg and 15.8 mg of S.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
alexandergrass, biomass, Mineral nutrition, growth analysis, capim-marmelada, Biomassa, Nutrição mineral, Análise de crescimento
Como citar
Planta Daninha. Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas , v. 25, n. 2, p. 293-301, 2007.