Efeito concomitante da doença periodontal induzida e movimentação ortodôntica em ratos submetidos à inalação da fumaça de cigarro: estudo histomorfométrico
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Data
2016-01-13
Autores
Ferreira, Camila Lopes [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este estudo avaliou as reações do tecido periodontal em ratos submetidos à inalação da fumaça de cigarro associado à doença periodontal e movimentação dentária induzida experimentalmente. Sessenta animais com 90 dias de idade e pesando em média 300g foram separados aleatoriamente nas condições fumantes (n=30) e não fumantes (n=30). Independente da condição sistêmica atribuída, 15 animais receberam na hemimandíbula direita a indução da doença periodontal juntamente com a movimentação ortodôntica (DP+O) e a hemimandíbula esquerda do mesmo animal foi induzida somente a doença periodontal (DP) por meio de ligadura. Outros 15 animais receberam na hemimandíbula direita somente a movimentação ortodôntica (O) e a hemimandíbula esquerda serviu como controle positivo (C+). A exposição à fumaça de cigarro foi iniciada dois meses antes e manteve-se por todo o período experimental até o sacrifício. Foi obtida medida macroscópica para a movimentação dentária imediatamente após o sacrifício. As lâminas foram confeccionadas e coradas em HE. Foi avaliada a área da perda óssea na região de furca do primeiro molar inferior e a densidade óssea, região considerada 1000 µm abaixo da crista óssea interradicular. Foi aplicado o teste de normalidade Shapiro-Wilk de igualdade de variâncias e utilizado o teste ANOVA de dois fatores com nível de significância de 5 %. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre fumante e não fumante. A perda óssea entre DP e DP+O não apresentou significância entre si, diferenciando-se ambas de O e C+. Na densidade óssea DP+O foi diferente apenas para o controle. Na movimentação dentária, DP+O foi maior e significante que nas demais situações, porém não houve diferença entre DP+O e O na condição fumante. Portanto, concluímos que a inalação da fumaça de cigarro não teve influência nos grupos avaliados. Porém, a doença periodontal induzida, associada ou não a movimentação ortodôntica causou maior perda óssea em ambos os grupos.
This study evaluated the reactions of periodontal tissue in rats exposed to inhalation of cigarette smoke associated with periodontal disease and tooth movement induced experimentally. Sixty animals at 90 days of age and weight approximately 300g were randomly separated in smokers (n= 30) and non-smokers (n = 30) conditions. Regardless of systemic condition, 15 animals received in the right hemimandible induction of periodontal disease with orthodontic movement (PD+O) and left hemimandible of the same animal was only induced periodontal disease (PD) by ligature. Another 15 animals received the right hemimandible only orthodontic movement (O) and left hemimandible served as positive control (C+). Exposure to cigarette smoke was started two months before and was kept throughout the trial period until the sacrifice. Immediately after sacrifice, a macroscopic measure was done, which was called tooth movement, realized by a caliper rule. The slices were prepared and stained with HE. Bone loss area was evaluated in the furcation region of the first molar and bone density, and it was considered 1000 μm below the of the interradicular bone crest. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test of equal variances was applied. So we used the ANOVA two factors with 5 % significance level. There was no statistically significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers. Bone loss between PD and PD+O showed no difference between themselves, but were different from O and C+, in both. The bone density was different DP+O only the control. On tooth movement measure, DP+O were higher and significant than in the others situations, but there was no difference between DP+O and O in smoker condition. Therefore, we conclude that inhalation of cigarette smoke did not influence the evaluation groups. But, the induced periodontal disease, with or without orthodontic tooth movement, caused increased bone loss in both groups.
This study evaluated the reactions of periodontal tissue in rats exposed to inhalation of cigarette smoke associated with periodontal disease and tooth movement induced experimentally. Sixty animals at 90 days of age and weight approximately 300g were randomly separated in smokers (n= 30) and non-smokers (n = 30) conditions. Regardless of systemic condition, 15 animals received in the right hemimandible induction of periodontal disease with orthodontic movement (PD+O) and left hemimandible of the same animal was only induced periodontal disease (PD) by ligature. Another 15 animals received the right hemimandible only orthodontic movement (O) and left hemimandible served as positive control (C+). Exposure to cigarette smoke was started two months before and was kept throughout the trial period until the sacrifice. Immediately after sacrifice, a macroscopic measure was done, which was called tooth movement, realized by a caliper rule. The slices were prepared and stained with HE. Bone loss area was evaluated in the furcation region of the first molar and bone density, and it was considered 1000 μm below the of the interradicular bone crest. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test of equal variances was applied. So we used the ANOVA two factors with 5 % significance level. There was no statistically significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers. Bone loss between PD and PD+O showed no difference between themselves, but were different from O and C+, in both. The bone density was different DP+O only the control. On tooth movement measure, DP+O were higher and significant than in the others situations, but there was no difference between DP+O and O in smoker condition. Therefore, we conclude that inhalation of cigarette smoke did not influence the evaluation groups. But, the induced periodontal disease, with or without orthodontic tooth movement, caused increased bone loss in both groups.
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Palavras-chave
Doenças periodontais, Movimentação dentária, Tabaco, Periodontal diseases, Tooth movement, Tobacco