Regeneração óssea guiada com o uso de membrana de copolímero PLA/PGA em levantamento da membrana do seio maxilar: estudo experimental com análises histomorfométrica e imunoistoquímica
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Data
2015-12-17
Autores
Bomfim, Bianca Bravim [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A utilização de biomateriais em implantodontia, principalmente em casos em que o leito receptor do implante apresenta quantidade e qualidade ósseas inadequadas, se torna importante. Diversos estudos mostram a possibilidade do usar copolímeros de PLA/PGA, no entanto, estes mesmos estudos mostram que a proporção de PLA e PGA irá influenciar a taxa de degradação do copolímero. Portanto, objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o comportamento biológico do copolímero de PLA/PGA como substitutos ósseos para técnica de levantamento da membrana do seio maxilar por meio de análises histomorfométrica e imunoistoquímica. Vinte coelhos machos, branco, da raça Nova Zelândia, cada um pesando cerca de 3,0 kg, foram utilizados e foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o material de preenchimento do seio: grupo coágulo (GC) e grupo copolímero (GP). Foi realizado descolamento bilateral da membrana sinusal com períodos de eutanásia aso 3, 10, 20 e 40 dias para as análises histomorfométricas e imunoistoquímica para a expressão de osteocalcina (OC). De uma forma geral, para todas as variáveis avaliadas, a diferença estatisticamente significante mostrou-se entre 3 e 10 dias pós-operatórios (p<0,05), como pode ser demostrado também na expressão de OC. Foi possível concluir que o copolímero PLA/PGA mostrou-se capaz de conduzir o processo de formação óssea, mantendo o volume inicial, impedindo o colabamento da membrana com a parede do seio, como pode ser observado em GC.
The use of biomaterials in dental implantology, especially in cases where the receptor region of implant has inadequate bone quantity and quality, becomes important. Several studies have shown the possibility to use copolymers of PLA / PGA, however these same studies show that the proportion of PLA and PGA copolymer will influence the degradation rate. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the biological behavior of PLA / PGA copolymer as bone substitutes for lifting technique of the maxillary sinus membrane through histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyzes. Twenty male rabbits, white, New Zealand race, each weighing about 3.0 kg, were used and were divided into two groups in accordance with within the filling material: Clot group (CG) and a copolymer group (PG) . Were realized the bilateral sinus lift of rabbits and inserted the respective materials with euthanasia periods as 3, 10, 20 and 40 days for histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis for the expression of osteocalcin (OC). In general, for all variables, a statistically significant difference was shown between 3 and 10 days postoperatively (p <0.05), as can be demonstrated also in OC expression. It was concluded that the PLA / PGA copolymer was shown to be able to conduct the process of bone formation, maintaining the initial volume, preventing the collapse of the membrane with the sinus wall, as can be observed in GC.
The use of biomaterials in dental implantology, especially in cases where the receptor region of implant has inadequate bone quantity and quality, becomes important. Several studies have shown the possibility to use copolymers of PLA / PGA, however these same studies show that the proportion of PLA and PGA copolymer will influence the degradation rate. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the biological behavior of PLA / PGA copolymer as bone substitutes for lifting technique of the maxillary sinus membrane through histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyzes. Twenty male rabbits, white, New Zealand race, each weighing about 3.0 kg, were used and were divided into two groups in accordance with within the filling material: Clot group (CG) and a copolymer group (PG) . Were realized the bilateral sinus lift of rabbits and inserted the respective materials with euthanasia periods as 3, 10, 20 and 40 days for histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis for the expression of osteocalcin (OC). In general, for all variables, a statistically significant difference was shown between 3 and 10 days postoperatively (p <0.05), as can be demonstrated also in OC expression. It was concluded that the PLA / PGA copolymer was shown to be able to conduct the process of bone formation, maintaining the initial volume, preventing the collapse of the membrane with the sinus wall, as can be observed in GC.
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Palavras-chave
Enxertos ósseos, Polímero, Coelho, Maxillary sinus, Bone grafts, Polymer, Rabbit, Seio maxilar