A intersecção da psicologia com a lei: problematizando a psicologia jurídica na prática profissional dos psicólogos
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Data
2016-01-14
Autores
Brunini, Bárbara Cossettin Costa Beber [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Problematizamos nesta pesquisa o processo de constituição da Psicologia Jurídica no contexto institucional do Sistema de Justiça. A partir da genealogia de Michel Foucault, investigamos como se articulam os complexos binômios Psicologia-Direito, Psicologia-Judiciário, produzindo uma análise sobre a emergência dessa nova área de atuação dos profissionais da Psicologia, que manejam o campo da subjetividade em confronto com a lei, os Tribunais e a Justiça, atentos aos planos das práticas discursivas e das práticas não discursivas. Foi realizado um trabalho de levantamento bibliográfico e também documental, colecionando e resenhando livros, artigos, teses, dissertações e documentos pertinentes, tais como legislações e coletâneas oficiais dos respectivos órgãos de classe profissional, para analisar os discursos sobre a Psicologia Jurídica. Num segundo momento, entrevistamos psicólogos que atuam na área de Psicologia Jurídica bem como aqueles que pela Justiça são intimados a responder a sua demanda mesmo atuando em diferentes estabelecimentos os quais, além dos Tribunais de Justiça, podem estar exercendo suas atividades em Centros de Socioeducação, Casas Abrigo, Unidades de Saúde, Centros de Assistência Social e na função de peritos autônomos. Pensando na entrevista, propomos tópicos disparadores para dialogar com nossos entrevistados sobre suas práticas institucionais na atualidade, bem como mapear quais são seus impasses e suas possibilidades nessa atuação. Enquanto sujeito de saber-poder o profissional psi é inserido no sistema judicial e convidado a responder a ele por meio de suas teorias, técnicas, práticas e instrumentos diversos, os quais também podem ser considerados tecnologias políticas do corpo, principalmente quando agem sobre o corpo de quem deverá ser seu alvo de intervenção, em resposta aos pré-requisitos da lei. A Psicologia Jurídica se constitui e produz seus efeitos no contexto da Psicologia como ciência disciplinar, podendo ser compreendida por meio dos estudos de Michel Foucault quanto à emergência do poder disciplinar e do tipo de sociedade que esse poder constrói: sociedade eminentemente judicializante das práticas sociais em geral. Esta pesquisa nos auxiliou a encontrar nos escritos de Foucault, um referencial importante para o desenvolvimento de análises implicadas sobre a prática profissional do psicólogo e, particularmente, do psicólogo jurídico, apontando para a necessidade de repensar teorias, técnicas, políticas e éticas, tanto na formação do psicólogo em geral quanto como especialista atuante no Sistema Judiciário.
We problematize this research the process of setting up the Legal Psychology in the institutional context of the Justice System. From the genealogy of Michel Foucault, we investigate how to articulate the binomial complex Psychology-Law, Psychology, judiciary, producing an analysis of the emergence of this new area of expertise of the professionals of psychology, that handle the field of confrontation in subjectivity with the law the Courts and Justice, aware of the plans of the discursive practices and non-discursive practices. It conducted a literature review of work as well as documentary, collecting, reviewing and analyzing articles, theses, dissertations and relevant documents such as official legislation and compilations of their professional class organizations, to analyze the discourses on Legal Psychology. Secondly, we interviewed psychologists who work in Forensic Psychology area as well as those by the courts are enjoined to respond to their demand even working in different establishments which, in addition to the Courts of Justice, may be exerting its activities in socio-educational centers, Shelters, health units, social assistance centers and the role of independent experts. Thinking about the interview, we trigger propose topics for dialogue with our respondents about their institutional practices today and map out what their impasses and possibilities in this action. As a subject of knowledge-power professional psi is inserted into the judicial system and asked to respond to it through his theories, techniques, various practices and tools, which can also be considered body of political technologies, especially when they act on the body who should be its intervention target in response to the prerequisites of the law. The Forensic Psychology is constituted and produces its effects in the context of psychology as a discipline science, can be understood through Michel Foucault's studies of the emergence of disciplinary power and the type of society that this power builds: eminently judicializante society of social practices general. This research allowed us to find in the writings of Foucault, a short referential importance for the development involved analyzes of the psychologist care and, particularly, the legal psychologist, pointing to the need for theoretical reforms, technical, political and ethical, both the training of psychologists in general and as an expert active in the Judiciary.
We problematize this research the process of setting up the Legal Psychology in the institutional context of the Justice System. From the genealogy of Michel Foucault, we investigate how to articulate the binomial complex Psychology-Law, Psychology, judiciary, producing an analysis of the emergence of this new area of expertise of the professionals of psychology, that handle the field of confrontation in subjectivity with the law the Courts and Justice, aware of the plans of the discursive practices and non-discursive practices. It conducted a literature review of work as well as documentary, collecting, reviewing and analyzing articles, theses, dissertations and relevant documents such as official legislation and compilations of their professional class organizations, to analyze the discourses on Legal Psychology. Secondly, we interviewed psychologists who work in Forensic Psychology area as well as those by the courts are enjoined to respond to their demand even working in different establishments which, in addition to the Courts of Justice, may be exerting its activities in socio-educational centers, Shelters, health units, social assistance centers and the role of independent experts. Thinking about the interview, we trigger propose topics for dialogue with our respondents about their institutional practices today and map out what their impasses and possibilities in this action. As a subject of knowledge-power professional psi is inserted into the judicial system and asked to respond to it through his theories, techniques, various practices and tools, which can also be considered body of political technologies, especially when they act on the body who should be its intervention target in response to the prerequisites of the law. The Forensic Psychology is constituted and produces its effects in the context of psychology as a discipline science, can be understood through Michel Foucault's studies of the emergence of disciplinary power and the type of society that this power builds: eminently judicializante society of social practices general. This research allowed us to find in the writings of Foucault, a short referential importance for the development involved analyzes of the psychologist care and, particularly, the legal psychologist, pointing to the need for theoretical reforms, technical, political and ethical, both the training of psychologists in general and as an expert active in the Judiciary.
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Palavras-chave
Psicologia jurídica, Michel Foucault, Genealogy, Disciplinary society, Genealogia, Sociedade disciplinar