Eficácia de herbicidas aplicados em pré-plantio incorporado na cultura da cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2016-02-04
Autores
Nascimento, Alessandro [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Para o controle eficaz de plantas daninhas na cultura da cana-de-açúcar é pouco provável que uma única aplicação de herbicida em pré-plantio incorporado seja suficiente para manter a cultura no limpo até o seu fechamento. O objetivo do trabalho foi averiguar a eficácia (ou ineficácia) de herbicidas aplicados uma única vez em pré-plantio-incorporado para o controle de plantas daninhas em cana-de-açúcar. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições com parcelas de 30 m2. A eficiência dos herbicidas no controle das plantas daninhas foi avaliada aos 30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 dias após a aplicação (DAA), por meio de uma escala visual, onde 0% = nenhum controle e 100% = controle total das plantas daninhas, considerando-se como eficiente o controle igual ou superior a 80%. Concluiu-se que todos os tratamentos (s-metolachlor a 1,5 e 3,0 L p.c./ha; s-metolachlor+atrazin a 1,5 e 3,0 + 3,0 L p.c./ha; trifluralin a 2,0 L p.c./ha e trifluralin+atrazin a 2,0 + 3,0 L p.c./ha) foram altamente seletivos para a cultura da cana-de-açúcar, variedade RB 86-5453 e foram ineficazes para as dicotiledôneas Calopogonium muconoides (aos 150 DAA) e Amaranthus deflexus (aos 120 DAA) e, os tratamentos s-metolachlor+atrazin (1,5 e 3,0 + 3,0 L p.c./ha) e trifluralin+atrazin (2,0 + 3,0 L p.c./ha) foram eficientes para a espécie Panicum maximum. Todos os tratamentos proporcionaram menor crescimento e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar em relação à testemunha no limpo. Entre as testemunhas observou-se reduções no crescimento e principalmente na produtividade (55%) da testemunha sem capina em relação à capinada. Uma única aplicação dos herbicidas trifluralin, s-metolachlor, atrazin e suas combinações em pré-plantio incorporado, não foram suficientes para manter a cultura de cana-de-açúcar livre de mato-competição até o seu fechamento, indicando a necessidade de outros métodos de controle subsequentes.
To the weeds control in the sugarcane is unlikely that a single application of herbicide in pre-planting-incorporated is sufficient to maintain the culture in clean until its closing. The objective of the work was to determine the effectiveness (or ineffectiveness) of herbicides applied only once in pre-plant-incorporated for weed control in sugar cane. The experimental design was a randomized block with eight treatments and four replications with plots of 30 m2. The herbicides efficiency in weed control was assessed at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days after application, through a visual scale, where 0% = no control and 100% = full control of plants weeds, considering how efficient control than or equal to 80%.It was concluded that all treatments (1.5 and 3.0 Lc.p./ha of s-metolachlor; 1.5 and 3.0 L + 3.0 Lc.p./ha of s-metolachlor+atrazin; 2.0 Lc.p./ha of trifluralin and 2.0+3.0 Lc.p./ha of trifluralin+atrazin) were highly selective for the culture of sugar cane, variety RB 86-5453 and were ineffective for the dicotyledons Calopogonium muconoides (at 150 DAA) and Amaranthus deflexus (at 120 DAA) and, the treatments s-metolachlor + atrazin (1.5 and 3.0 + 3.0 Lc.p./ha) and trifluralin + atrazin (2.0 L + 3.0 c.p./ha) were effective for the species Panicum maximum. All treatments showed lower growth and yield compared to the control in the clean. Among the controls was observed reductions in growth and 55% reduction in the productivity of the treatment without controlling weeds in relation to treatment weeded. A single application of trifluralin herbicides, s-metolachlor, atrazine and their combinations in corporate pre-planting, were not enough to keep the culture of sugarcane free of weed competition until its closure, indicating a need for other methods subsequent control.
To the weeds control in the sugarcane is unlikely that a single application of herbicide in pre-planting-incorporated is sufficient to maintain the culture in clean until its closing. The objective of the work was to determine the effectiveness (or ineffectiveness) of herbicides applied only once in pre-plant-incorporated for weed control in sugar cane. The experimental design was a randomized block with eight treatments and four replications with plots of 30 m2. The herbicides efficiency in weed control was assessed at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days after application, through a visual scale, where 0% = no control and 100% = full control of plants weeds, considering how efficient control than or equal to 80%.It was concluded that all treatments (1.5 and 3.0 Lc.p./ha of s-metolachlor; 1.5 and 3.0 L + 3.0 Lc.p./ha of s-metolachlor+atrazin; 2.0 Lc.p./ha of trifluralin and 2.0+3.0 Lc.p./ha of trifluralin+atrazin) were highly selective for the culture of sugar cane, variety RB 86-5453 and were ineffective for the dicotyledons Calopogonium muconoides (at 150 DAA) and Amaranthus deflexus (at 120 DAA) and, the treatments s-metolachlor + atrazin (1.5 and 3.0 + 3.0 Lc.p./ha) and trifluralin + atrazin (2.0 L + 3.0 c.p./ha) were effective for the species Panicum maximum. All treatments showed lower growth and yield compared to the control in the clean. Among the controls was observed reductions in growth and 55% reduction in the productivity of the treatment without controlling weeds in relation to treatment weeded. A single application of trifluralin herbicides, s-metolachlor, atrazine and their combinations in corporate pre-planting, were not enough to keep the culture of sugarcane free of weed competition until its closure, indicating a need for other methods subsequent control.
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Palavras-chave
Saccharum spp, S-metolachlor, Trifluralin, Atrazin, Plantas daninhas, Weeds, Plantas daninhas