Estudo diagnóstico e taxonômico de cochonilhas (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) associadas às plantas cítricas no estado de Sâo Paulo, Brasil
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Data
2016-02-25
Autores
Almeida, Luís Fernando Veloso [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As cochonilhas associadas aos citros possuem grande diversidade, com espécies de importância econômica nos ambientes de produção. A elaboração de listas revisadas e atualizadas de espécies, baseadas em levantamentos de campo, além de contribuir para o manejo das mesmas, é um importante instrumento para que se possa prevenir que estas sejam introduzidas em outras regiões. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi inventariar e atualizar as espécies de Coccoidea associadas a plantas cítricas no estado de São Paulo. As coletas foram realizadas entre setembro de 2014 e setembro de 2015, em áreas rurais, áreas urbanas e viveiros de 25 municípios pertencentes ao cinturão citrícola do estado de São Paulo. Foram obtidas 24 espécies de cocóideospertencentes a 5 famílias: Ceroplastes floridensis, Coccus viridis, Parasaissetia nigra, Saissetia coffeae, Acutaspis scutiformis, Aonidiella aurantii, Chrysomphalus aonidum, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Lepidosaphes gloverii, Melanaspis sp., Parlatoria cinerea, Parlatoria pergandii, Parlatoria oleae, Parlatoria ziziphi, Pinnaspis aspidistrae, Pseudaonidia trilobitiformis, Selenaspidus articulatus, Unaspis citri, Icerya purchasi, Praelongorthezia praelonga, Ferrisia virgata, Leptococcus minutus, Planococcus citri, Pseudococcus cryptus. Para. nigra, Parl. oleae, Pi. aspidistrae, Pseuda. trilobitiformis, Lepid. gloverii, e Pseudo. cryptus são mencionadas pela primeira vez em associação com citros no Estado de São Paulo, e Melanaspis sp. pela primeira vez em associação com citros no Brasil. Parlatoria ziziphi, Selenaspidus articulatus e Unaspis citri foram as espécies observadas em um maior número de plantas amostradas, também as que atingiram níveis de infestação mais elevados. Uma chave de identificação para as espécies de cocóideos associadas à Citrus spp. no estado de São Paulo foi incluída.
Scale insects associated with citrus have great diversity, with species of great economic importance in production environments. The development of revised and updated lists of species, based on field surveys, contribute to the management of them, and is an important tool to prevent them to be brought into other regions. Thus, the aim of this study was to inventory and update species Coccoidea associated with citrus in São Paulo. Samples were collected between september 2014 and september 2015, in rural areas, urban areas and nurseries from 25 municipalities belonging to the citrus belt of São Paulo. A number of 24 species were obtained belonging to 5 families: Ceroplastes floridensis, Coccus viridis, Parasaissetia nigra, Saissetia coffeae, Acutaspis scutiformis, Aonidiella aurantii, Chrysomphalus aonidum, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Lepidosaphes gloverii, Melanaspis sp., Parlatoria cinerea, Parlatoria pergandii, Parlatoria oleae, Parlatoria ziziphi, Pinnaspis aspidistrae, Pseudaonidia trilobitiformis, Selenaspidus articulatus, Unaspis citri, Icerya purchasi, Praelongorthezia praelonga, Ferrisia virgata, Leptococcus minutus, Planococcus citri, and Pseudococcus cryptus. Parasaissetia nigra, Parlatoria oleae, Pinnaspis aspidistrae, Pseudaonidia trilobitiformis, Lepidosaphes gloverii and Pseudococcus cryptus are first mentioned in association with citrus in São Paulo, and Micetaspis sp. for the first time in association with citrus in Brazil. Parlatoria ziziphi, Selenaspidus articulatus and Unaspis citri were observed in a greater number of sampled plants, and reached higher levels of infestation. An identification key for all listed scale insects’ species on Citrus spp. in São Paulo, and photos of the species collected more frequently in the course of this work were included.
Scale insects associated with citrus have great diversity, with species of great economic importance in production environments. The development of revised and updated lists of species, based on field surveys, contribute to the management of them, and is an important tool to prevent them to be brought into other regions. Thus, the aim of this study was to inventory and update species Coccoidea associated with citrus in São Paulo. Samples were collected between september 2014 and september 2015, in rural areas, urban areas and nurseries from 25 municipalities belonging to the citrus belt of São Paulo. A number of 24 species were obtained belonging to 5 families: Ceroplastes floridensis, Coccus viridis, Parasaissetia nigra, Saissetia coffeae, Acutaspis scutiformis, Aonidiella aurantii, Chrysomphalus aonidum, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Lepidosaphes gloverii, Melanaspis sp., Parlatoria cinerea, Parlatoria pergandii, Parlatoria oleae, Parlatoria ziziphi, Pinnaspis aspidistrae, Pseudaonidia trilobitiformis, Selenaspidus articulatus, Unaspis citri, Icerya purchasi, Praelongorthezia praelonga, Ferrisia virgata, Leptococcus minutus, Planococcus citri, and Pseudococcus cryptus. Parasaissetia nigra, Parlatoria oleae, Pinnaspis aspidistrae, Pseudaonidia trilobitiformis, Lepidosaphes gloverii and Pseudococcus cryptus are first mentioned in association with citrus in São Paulo, and Micetaspis sp. for the first time in association with citrus in Brazil. Parlatoria ziziphi, Selenaspidus articulatus and Unaspis citri were observed in a greater number of sampled plants, and reached higher levels of infestation. An identification key for all listed scale insects’ species on Citrus spp. in São Paulo, and photos of the species collected more frequently in the course of this work were included.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citrus, Cocóideos, Interação inseto-planta, Espécies invasoras