Estudo do meio físico e caracterização da capacidade de suporte natural da região de Pirassununga/SP
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Data
2016-04-19
Autores
Lima, Meire Mateus de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os crescentes usos e ocupação do meio e utilização dos recursos naturais têm mostrado a necessidade do desenvolvimento de estudos integrados dirigidos a uma adequação das atividades do homem com a capacidade de suporte natural do meio físico. Desta forma, este projeto objetiva, para a região de Pirassununga, localizada no centro-nordeste paulista, aplicar um procedimento metodológico que auxilie a compartimentação do meio físico, mediante o uso de geotecnologias e aspectos geodinâmicos, visando o planejamento do uso e ocupação da terra, com fins de definir a suscetibilidade natural à erosão e a capacidade de suporte natural do meio. Tais informações poderão ser utilizadas pelos produtores rurais e órgãos públicos no intuito de orientar a tomada de decisões quanto às medidas de controle para os problemas ambientais encontrados, para a recuperação de áreas impactadas, bem como orientações para o uso e ocupação sustentável da terra, reduzindo os impactos negativos. Com base nos resultados das análises de drenagem, do relevo, morfoestrutural, morfotectônica e da evolução paleoambiental (isobases confluentes) nota-se que a região apresenta uma grande densidade de drenagem, variação altimétrica e de classes de declividade, assim como um intenso fraturamento, o que gera paisagens de abatimento e soerguimento de blocos (horsts e grabens), altos e baixos estruturais deformados e altos e baixos topográficos intercalados, exigindo, deste modo, indicações de manejo específicos para cada área. A análise da evolução da paisagem, por meio das isobases confluentes, contribui ainda para melhor definir o fraturamento regional e o domínio de processos colúvio-aluvionares, formadores das associações de solos. A integração dos diversos temas desenvolvidos neste trabalho possibilitou a geração das cartas temáticas de suscetibilidade natural à erosão, indicação de áreas para preservação ambiental e áreas para destinação dos resíduos antrópicos, sólidos e líquidos, buscando a classificação mais adequada da capacidade de suporte natural da área. A partir dos resultados constatou-se que na região de Pirassununga predominam as suscetibilidades naturais à erosão baixas e moderadas, assim como uma alta capacidade de suporte natural, acompanhando as planícies de inundação atual/subatual e os planaltos muito baixos a médios. Merecendo atenção especial a porção leste da área, por apresentar capacidade de suporte predominantemente moderada e a porção oeste, por apresentar capacidades de suporte de moderadas a muito baixas, podendo ser utilizadas de forma restrita, requerendo, todavia, estudos mais específicos para melhor dirigir tal ocupação. Considerando ainda que, com a aplicação de técnicas inadequadas de uso, manejo do solo e disposição de resíduos, a suscetibilidade natural à erosão pode aumentar significativamente e, a capacidade de suporte natural do meio ambiente ficar comprometida. Desta forma, recomenda-se que os manejos, considerando as peculiaridades de cada local individualmente, sejam definidos em função das recomendações de profissionais capacitados em cada atividade, diminuindo assim os problemas para o uso e ocupação do meio físico da região.
The increasing use and occupation of the environment and utilization of the natural resources has presented the need for the development of integrated studies driven towards an adaptation of the activities performed by people with natural support for the physical environment. This way, this project has the objective, for a region of Pirassununga, located in the center northeast of São Paulo, to apply a methodological procedure that aids the partitioning of the physical environment, with the use of geotechnologies and geodynamic aspects, seeking the planning of the soil occupation use, to define the natural susceptibility to the erosions and the capacity of natural environment support. Such information can be utilized by farmers and public agencies in the intent orientate the decision making of the control measures for the environmental problems found, for the recovery of impacted areas, as well as in orientating for sustainable soil occupation use, reducing the negative impacts. With basis on the analysis results of drainage, relief, morphostructural, morphotectonic and the paleoenvironmental (confluent isobases), it is noticed that the region presents a great density of drainage , altimetry variation and gradient classes, as well as intense fracturing, which generates a landscape of abatement and uplift of blocks (horst and grabens), high and low structural deformation and high and low interleaved topographic, demanding, in this way, specific handling indications for each area. The landscape evolution analysis, by confluent isobases, contributes to better define the regional fracturing and the command of colluvium-alluvial processes, makers of the soil association. The integration of the various developed themes in this work enabled the creation of themed letters for natural susceptibility to erosions, indication of environmental preservation areas and areas for anthropic residue destination, solid and liquid, seeking the more adequate classification of the natural support of the capacity for the area. With the results, it was found that in the region of Pirassununga prevails the natural susceptibility to low and moderate erosions, as well as high capacity for natural support, following the current and not so current flood plains and the very low to medium plateaus. Deserving special attention to the east portion of the area for presenting support capacity mainly moderate and the west portion for presenting a moderate to very low support capacity, being able to be utilized in a restrict manner, requiring, however, more specific studies to better drive such occupation. Considering that, with the application of inadequate techniques of use, soil handling and residue disposal, the natural susceptibility to erosions can increase significantly and the natural support capacity of the environment can become compromised. This way, it is recommended that handling, considering the peculiarities of each individual location, be defined due to recommendation of capacitated professionals in each activity, thus decreasing the problems for the use and occupation of the physical environment of the region.
The increasing use and occupation of the environment and utilization of the natural resources has presented the need for the development of integrated studies driven towards an adaptation of the activities performed by people with natural support for the physical environment. This way, this project has the objective, for a region of Pirassununga, located in the center northeast of São Paulo, to apply a methodological procedure that aids the partitioning of the physical environment, with the use of geotechnologies and geodynamic aspects, seeking the planning of the soil occupation use, to define the natural susceptibility to the erosions and the capacity of natural environment support. Such information can be utilized by farmers and public agencies in the intent orientate the decision making of the control measures for the environmental problems found, for the recovery of impacted areas, as well as in orientating for sustainable soil occupation use, reducing the negative impacts. With basis on the analysis results of drainage, relief, morphostructural, morphotectonic and the paleoenvironmental (confluent isobases), it is noticed that the region presents a great density of drainage , altimetry variation and gradient classes, as well as intense fracturing, which generates a landscape of abatement and uplift of blocks (horst and grabens), high and low structural deformation and high and low interleaved topographic, demanding, in this way, specific handling indications for each area. The landscape evolution analysis, by confluent isobases, contributes to better define the regional fracturing and the command of colluvium-alluvial processes, makers of the soil association. The integration of the various developed themes in this work enabled the creation of themed letters for natural susceptibility to erosions, indication of environmental preservation areas and areas for anthropic residue destination, solid and liquid, seeking the more adequate classification of the natural support of the capacity for the area. With the results, it was found that in the region of Pirassununga prevails the natural susceptibility to low and moderate erosions, as well as high capacity for natural support, following the current and not so current flood plains and the very low to medium plateaus. Deserving special attention to the east portion of the area for presenting support capacity mainly moderate and the west portion for presenting a moderate to very low support capacity, being able to be utilized in a restrict manner, requiring, however, more specific studies to better drive such occupation. Considering that, with the application of inadequate techniques of use, soil handling and residue disposal, the natural susceptibility to erosions can increase significantly and the natural support capacity of the environment can become compromised. This way, it is recommended that handling, considering the peculiarities of each individual location, be defined due to recommendation of capacitated professionals in each activity, thus decreasing the problems for the use and occupation of the physical environment of the region.
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Palavras-chave
Análise do relevo, Isobases confluentes, Morfoestruturas, Morfotectônica, Suscetibilidade natural à erosão, Relief analysis, Confluent isobases, Morphostructures, Morphotectonic, Natural susceptibility to erosion