Treinamento resistido e destreinamento: alterações na composição corporal e tecido hepático de ratos submetidos à dieta normolipídica e hiperlipídica
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Data
2016-06-02
Autores
Magalhães, Alan José Barbosa [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Atualmente, o consumo de dieta hiperlipídica têm contribuído para aumento no número de casos de obesidade, gerando principalmente aumento na massa corporal, no armazenamento de Tecido Adiposos Epididimal (TecAdp) e triglicerídeos intra-hepáticos (TGIH), que contribui para o surgimento de Doença Hepática Gordurosa Não Alcoólica (DHGNA). O treinamento resistido apresenta-se como uma intervenção não farmacológica eficaz para reduzir os efeitos deletérios da obesidade. No entanto, o destreinamento proporciona perda dos benefícios adquiridos pelo treinamento resistido. Logo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do treinamento resistido e destreinamento sobre o tecido hepático e composição corporal de ratos submetidos à dieta normolipídica e hiperlipídica. Foram obtidos 60 ratos machos Wistar, divididos em grupos Controle e Obeso, também divididos nos subgrupos CS, CE, CS(6), CD, OS, OE, OS(6) e OD, que realizaram treinamento resistido com saltos, com três séries de 12 repetições, três vezes por semana, durante oito semanas. Os grupos CS, CE, OE e OS foram eutanasiados, enquanto que os grupos CS(6), CD, OS(6) e OD realizaram o protocolo de destreinamento de oito semanas. Logo após o destreinamento, os grupos restantes também foram eutanasiados, com mensuração de massa corporal e comprimento, além da retirada do TecAdp para análise de ganho de massa corporal, TecAdp percentual e total, Índice de Lee e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Também foi retirado o lobo superior direito do fígado, para análise cariométrica e estereológica, utilizando coloração por hematoxilina e eosina (HE). Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p<0,05) nos valores de massa do fígado de CE em relação à OD e de OS(6) em relação a todos os grupos; maior ganho de massa corporal de OS(6) em relação à CE; em TecAdp (g), TecAdp (%) e IMC dos subgrupos OS(6) e OD em relação à CE e CD; na análise cariométrica nas variáveis diâmetro menor, diâmetro médio, volume, área, coeficiente de forma e índice de contorno dos subgrupos CE e CD em relação à E e OD; na estereologia e índice de Lee não foram encontradas diferença entre os grupos. Concluímos que o treinamento resistido demonstrou melhores efeitos sobre o tecido hepático de CD em relação a OE e OD e na composição corporal de CE e CD em relação a OS(6) e OD.
Actualy, the consumption of hyperlipidic diet have contributed to increase obesity in world, mainly generating increase in body weight, the storage epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) and intrahepatic triglycerides (IHTG), which contributes to Non Alcoolic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Resistance training is presented as a nonpharmacological intervention effective in reducing the harmful effects of obesity. However, detraining provides loss of benefits acquired by resistance training. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of resistance training and detraining on the liver tissue and body composition of rats subjected to normolipidic and hyperlipidic diet. Sixty male Wistar rats were obtained, divided into groups Control and Obese, also divided into subgroups SC, EC, SC(6), DC, SO, EO, SO(6) and DO, who performed resistance training with jumps, with three series 12 repetitions, three times per week for eight weeks. The groups SC, EC, EO and SO were euthanized, while the SO(6), DC, SO(6) and the DO performed eight weeks detraining protocol. Soon after detraining, the other groups were also euthanized with measurement of weight and length, and the withdrawal of EAT for weight gain analysis, EAT percentage (%) and total (g), Lee Index and Body Mass Index (BMI). Also the upper right lobe of the liver was removed for kariometric and stereological analysis, using hematoxylin and eosin (HE). There were statistically significant differences (p<0,05) in the EC liver weight values to DO and SO(6) to all groups; the greater weight gain of SO(6) to EC; in EAT (g), EAT (%) and BMI subgroups OS(6) and DO to EC and DC; in kariometric analysis in smaller diameter, mean diameter, volume, area, shape coefficient and contour index of the EC and DC subgroups to SO(6) and DO; in stereology and Lee Index, there were no differences between the groups. We conclude that intermittent training showed better effects on the DC liver tissue compared to EO and SO(6) and EC and DC body composition when compared to SO(6) and DO.
Actualy, the consumption of hyperlipidic diet have contributed to increase obesity in world, mainly generating increase in body weight, the storage epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) and intrahepatic triglycerides (IHTG), which contributes to Non Alcoolic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Resistance training is presented as a nonpharmacological intervention effective in reducing the harmful effects of obesity. However, detraining provides loss of benefits acquired by resistance training. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of resistance training and detraining on the liver tissue and body composition of rats subjected to normolipidic and hyperlipidic diet. Sixty male Wistar rats were obtained, divided into groups Control and Obese, also divided into subgroups SC, EC, SC(6), DC, SO, EO, SO(6) and DO, who performed resistance training with jumps, with three series 12 repetitions, three times per week for eight weeks. The groups SC, EC, EO and SO were euthanized, while the SO(6), DC, SO(6) and the DO performed eight weeks detraining protocol. Soon after detraining, the other groups were also euthanized with measurement of weight and length, and the withdrawal of EAT for weight gain analysis, EAT percentage (%) and total (g), Lee Index and Body Mass Index (BMI). Also the upper right lobe of the liver was removed for kariometric and stereological analysis, using hematoxylin and eosin (HE). There were statistically significant differences (p<0,05) in the EC liver weight values to DO and SO(6) to all groups; the greater weight gain of SO(6) to EC; in EAT (g), EAT (%) and BMI subgroups OS(6) and DO to EC and DC; in kariometric analysis in smaller diameter, mean diameter, volume, area, shape coefficient and contour index of the EC and DC subgroups to SO(6) and DO; in stereology and Lee Index, there were no differences between the groups. We conclude that intermittent training showed better effects on the DC liver tissue compared to EO and SO(6) and EC and DC body composition when compared to SO(6) and DO.
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Palavras-chave
Obesidade, Fígado, Composição corporal, Exercício, Histologia, Obesity, Liver, Body composition, Exercise, Histology