Parasitas gastrointestinais de Peltocephalus dumerilianus no Parque Nacional do Jaú, Barcelos, Amazonas: taxonomia-alfa e aspectos da relação parasita-hospedeiro
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Data
2016-06-24
Autores
Ferreira, Luciana Raffi Menegaldo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Chelonia: Podocnemididae) é um quelônio amplamente distribuído na Bacia Amazônica, encontrado preferencialmente em rios, igapós e lagos de água preta. Ocorrem em simpatria com outros animais da família Podocnemididae, embora sofram menor pressão cinegética por concentrarem seus ninhos em locais mais reclusos, no interior das florestas de igapó. Apesar de sua ampla distribuição e importância como fonte de proteína para os moradores da Amazônia, são raras as pesquisas relacionadas à patógenos desses répteis, inclusive de helmintos parasitos, fato que motivou este projeto. Para o estudo da helmintofauna de P. dumerilianus, 21 espécimes foram obtidos através de caça de subsistência na comunidade Tapiíra, situada às margens do rio Unini e inserida no Parque Nacional do Jaú, Barcelos, Estado do Amazonas, região bastante preservada e caracterizada por diversas Unidades de Conservação de Uso Sustentável e de Uso Integral. Após a colheita do conteúdo gastrointestinal, os helmintos obtidos foram identificados por métodos morfológicos de rotina aliados a estudos com microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Foram identificados espécies de nematódeos, Ancyracanthus pinnatifidus, Paratractis hystrix, Atractis trematophila, Klossinemella conciliatus, e mais três espécies indeterminadas do gênero Klossinemella. Também foram identificados os digenéticos Nematophila grandis, Helicotrema spirale e Telorchis hagmanni. Os resultados apresentados enriquecem o conhecimento acerca da biodiversidade parasitária amazônica e demonstram aspectos sobre a relação parasita-hospedeiro do P. dumerilianus.
Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Chelonia: Podocnemididae) is a chelonian widely distributed in the Amazon Basin, preferably found in rivers, flooded forests and black water lakes. Occur sympatric with other animals Podocnemididae family, although they suffer less pressure hunting by concentrating their nests in more prisoners locations within igapó forests. Despite its wide distribution and importance as a protein source for the inhabitants of the Amazon are few studies related to pathogens such animals, including helminth parasites, a fact that motivated this project. For the study of helminth parasites of P. dumerilianus, 21 specimens were obtained through subsistence hunting in Tapiíra community, situated on the banks of the river Unini and inserted in the Jau National Park, Barcelos, State of Amazonas; region well preserved and characterized by several Conservation Units of Sustainable Use and Full Use. After harvesting of gastrointestinal contents, helminths obtained were identified by traditional morphological methods combined with studies with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Four species of nematodes were identified, Ancyracanthus pinnatifidus, Paratractis hystrix, Atractis trematophila, Klossinemella conciliatus, and more three undetermined species of the genus Klossinemella. Also were identified digeneas Nematophila grandis, Helicotrema spirale and Telorchis hagmanni. The results presented enrich the knowledge of the Amazon parasitic biodiversity and demonstrate aspects of the host-parasite relationship of P. dumerilianus.
Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Chelonia: Podocnemididae) is a chelonian widely distributed in the Amazon Basin, preferably found in rivers, flooded forests and black water lakes. Occur sympatric with other animals Podocnemididae family, although they suffer less pressure hunting by concentrating their nests in more prisoners locations within igapó forests. Despite its wide distribution and importance as a protein source for the inhabitants of the Amazon are few studies related to pathogens such animals, including helminth parasites, a fact that motivated this project. For the study of helminth parasites of P. dumerilianus, 21 specimens were obtained through subsistence hunting in Tapiíra community, situated on the banks of the river Unini and inserted in the Jau National Park, Barcelos, State of Amazonas; region well preserved and characterized by several Conservation Units of Sustainable Use and Full Use. After harvesting of gastrointestinal contents, helminths obtained were identified by traditional morphological methods combined with studies with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Four species of nematodes were identified, Ancyracanthus pinnatifidus, Paratractis hystrix, Atractis trematophila, Klossinemella conciliatus, and more three undetermined species of the genus Klossinemella. Also were identified digeneas Nematophila grandis, Helicotrema spirale and Telorchis hagmanni. The results presented enrich the knowledge of the Amazon parasitic biodiversity and demonstrate aspects of the host-parasite relationship of P. dumerilianus.
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Palavras-chave
Helmintos, Podocnemididae, Tartaruga-cabeçuda, Amazônia brasileira, Região Neotropical, Helminths, Big-headed-Amazon-river-turtle, Brazilian Amazon, Neotropical region