Bioestimulação da atividade reprodutiva de coelhas lactantes em regime de monta natural
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Data
2003-04-01
Autores
Moura, Ana Silvia Alves Meira Tavares [UNESP]
Fernandes, Simone [UNESP]
Vasconcelos, José Luiz Moraes [UNESP]
Bianospino, Elaine [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia
Resumo
Esta pesquisa avaliou o efeito da separação mãe-ninhada sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de coelhas lactantes e ponderal das ninhadas até aos 70 dias de idade. Examinaram-se 415 exposições ao macho de 157 fêmeas lactantes distribuídas em dois grupos: controle, com livre acesso ao ninho, e tratado, cujo acesso bloqueou-se entre o sétimo e o nono dias pós-parto, durante as 39 horas que precederam a cobrição. Das 415 exposições ao macho, 387 resultaram em cobrições e 264 em partos. As fêmeas tratadas, de quinta lactação em diante, apresentaram receptividade e taxa de parição, respectivamente, 6,7% e 10,8% maiores em comparação às fêmeas do grupo controle. Não se constatou efeito da interação tratamento x ordem de lactação, ou do tratamento, com respeito ao número de láparos/ninhada à desmama e nos 70 dias de idade. em ninhadas de primíparas, a taxa de mortalidade da separação até 70 dias de idade foi maior no grupo tratado, em relação ao controle (0,248±0,047 vs. 0,120±0,047). O peso total da ninhada à desmama foi inferior no grupo tratado, do que no controle (5.753±93 g vs. 6.222±89 g) em todas as ordens. Todavia, não se observou diferença no peso total ou médio da ninhada nos 70 dias de idade. O tratamento também reduziu o peso individual à desmama (912,4±4,9 g vs. 962,7±4,5 g) em todas as ordens de lactação, entretanto, elevou o ganho de peso médio diário pós-desmama (32,25±0,19 g/d vs. 31,44±0,17 g/d), proporcionando a ocorrência de ganho compensatório neste período. Pode-se recomendar a separação temporária mãe-ninhada para melhorar o desempenho reprodutivo de coelhas lactantes multíparas; mas deve ser evitada para as primíparas, devido à elevação da taxa de mortalidade das ninhadas.
The objective was to evaluate the effect of temporary mother-litter separation on the reproductive performance of lactating does and growth performance of their litters up to 70 days of age. A total of 415 presentations of 157 lactating does assigned to two groups: control, with free nest access, and treated, whose nest access was closed during the 39 hours that preceded mating, were analyzed. From the 415 presentations, 387 resulted in matings and 264 in parturitions. Does of the treated group, from fifth and further lactations, had sexual receptivity and parturition rate, respectively, 6.7% and 10.8% higher than those females of the control group. No treatment by lactation order interaction, or treatment effects, were detected on number weaned and number of young per litter at 70 days. In litters of primiparous does, mortality rate from separation up to 70 days of age was higher in the treated group (0.248±0.047 vs. 0.120±0.047). Litter weaning weight was lower in the treated group compared to the control group (5,753±93 g vs. 6,222±89 g), for all lactation orders, but no differences were detected in total and average 70-d weights between groups. Treatment also reduced individual weaning weight (912.4±4.9 g vs. 962.7±4.5 g) for all lactation orders, but increased postweaning average daily gain (32.25±0.19 g/d vs. 31.44±0.17 g/d), favoring the occurrence of a compensatory weight gain in this period. Temporary mother-litter separation may be recommended to improve reproductive performance of lactating multiparous does, but should be avoided for primiparous due to the increased mortality rate of their litters.
The objective was to evaluate the effect of temporary mother-litter separation on the reproductive performance of lactating does and growth performance of their litters up to 70 days of age. A total of 415 presentations of 157 lactating does assigned to two groups: control, with free nest access, and treated, whose nest access was closed during the 39 hours that preceded mating, were analyzed. From the 415 presentations, 387 resulted in matings and 264 in parturitions. Does of the treated group, from fifth and further lactations, had sexual receptivity and parturition rate, respectively, 6.7% and 10.8% higher than those females of the control group. No treatment by lactation order interaction, or treatment effects, were detected on number weaned and number of young per litter at 70 days. In litters of primiparous does, mortality rate from separation up to 70 days of age was higher in the treated group (0.248±0.047 vs. 0.120±0.047). Litter weaning weight was lower in the treated group compared to the control group (5,753±93 g vs. 6,222±89 g), for all lactation orders, but no differences were detected in total and average 70-d weights between groups. Treatment also reduced individual weaning weight (912.4±4.9 g vs. 962.7±4.5 g) for all lactation orders, but increased postweaning average daily gain (32.25±0.19 g/d vs. 31.44±0.17 g/d), favoring the occurrence of a compensatory weight gain in this period. Temporary mother-litter separation may be recommended to improve reproductive performance of lactating multiparous does, but should be avoided for primiparous due to the increased mortality rate of their litters.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
bioestimulação, coelhos, desempenho de ninhadas, manejo reprodutivo, receptividade sexual, taxa de parição, bioestimulation, litter performance, parturition rate, rabbits, reproductive management, sexual receptivity
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 32, n. 2, p. 315-324, 2003.