Avaliação da eficácia do extrato de óleo insaponificável de abacate e soja na osseointegração em ratos com artrite induzida
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Data
2016-03-16
Autores
Paula, Luiz Guilherme Freitas de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este estudo avaliou a influência da utilização do extrato de óleo insaponificável de abacate e soja (ASU) na osseointegração de implantes em animais saudáveis e com artrite. Foram utilizados implantes de titânio com 4 mm de comprimento x 2.2 mm de diâmetro, instalados nas tíbias dos ratos. No estudo 1, trinta ratos foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos: ASU1: administração de ASU a partir de 7 dias antes da colocação do implante; ASU2: administração de ASU começando no dia da colocação do implante, e CTL: administração de solução salina. Em todos os animais, um implante de titânio foi colocado em cada uma das tíbias. Todos os animais receberam ASU ou solução salina por sonda gástrica diariamente durante 60 dias até o sacrifício. Osseointegração foi avaliada por análise de densidade óssea radiográfica; biomecânica; histologia descritiva; imuno-histoquímica para BMP2, TGFβ1, e osteocalcina; e avaliação histomorfométrica de contato ossoimplante (BIC) e fração de área mineralizada do osso dentro das roscas do implante (BAFO). ASU1 e ASU2 apresentaram maior expressão de BMP2 e TGFβ1 em comparação com CTL (P<0,05). Na análise histomorfométrica, os grupos ASU1 e ASU2 apresentaram valores significativamente mais elevados BIC somente na região de osso cortical, quando comparado com o CTL (P <0,05). No estudo 2, 120 animais foram divididos randomicamente em quatro grupos: CTR- Animais saudáveis que ingeriram soro; ASU- Animais saudáveis que ingeriram ASU; ART- Animais com artrite que ingeriram soro; ART/ASU- Animais com artrite que ingeriram ASU. As soluções foram administradas diariamente, por gavagem, iniciando-se 7 dias antes do procedimento cirúrgico até a conclusão do período experimental (15, 30 e 60 dias após a instalação dos implantes). Foram realizados a análise microtomográfica (avaliação da porcentagem de osso ao redor do implante); análise biomecânica (torque de remoção); e análise histométrica (contato osso implante-%BIC; área de osso entre as roscas-%BAFO), análise imuno-histoquímica e descrição histológica. Nos resultados de microtomografia o grupo ART/ASU apresentou menor densidade de osso na área próxima ao implante que os grupos ASU e ART (15 e 60 dias). Na análise biomecânica a força de contra-torque para remoção dos implantes foi maior no grupo ART/ASU no período de 30 dias. Na histometria foi verificado que o grupo ASU e ART/ASU apresentaram maiores valores de %BIC que o grupo ART no período de 60 dias; o grupo ASU apresentou maior %BIC que o grupo CTR aos 60 dias; e o grupo ART/ASU apresentou maior %BIC que o grupo ART aos 30 dias. A %BAFO foi maior nos animais do grupo ART/ASU em relação aos do grupo ART nos períodos de 30 e 60 dias. Na histologia foi verificado no grupo ASU um tecido ósseo maduro em relação ao grupo CTR; e o grupo ART foi observado um processo de remodelação óssea lento. Na imuno-histoquímica foi verificado uma maior expressão de osteocalcina no grupo CTR e de TGF-β1 no grupo ASU. O extrato de óleo insaponificável de abacate e soja teve uma influência positiva na osseointegração dos implantes.
This study evaluated the influence of the administration of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on implant osseointegration in healthy and arthritis animals. Titanium implants were used with 4 mm length x 2.2 mm diameter, installed in the tibiae of rats. In study 1, thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups: ASU1: ASU administration from 7 days prior to implant placement; ASU2: ASU administration beginning on the day of implant placement, and CTL: saline solution administration. In all animals a titanium implant was placed in each of the tibia. All animals received ASU or saline by gavage every day for 60 days until the sacrifice. Osseointegration was evaluated by analysis of radiographic and biomechanical bone density; descriptive histology, immunohistochemistry for BMP2, TGFβ1, and osteocalcin, and histomorphometric evaluation ossoimplante contact (BIC) and mineralized area fraction of the bone into the threads of the implant (BBT). ASU1 ASU2 and showed increased expression of TGF-β1 and BMP-2 compared to CTL (P <0.05). The histomorphometric analysis, ASU1 and ASU2 groups showed significantly higher values BIC only in the cortical bone region, as compared to the CTL (P <0.05). In study 2, 120 animals were randomly divided into four groups: CTR- Healthy animals who consumed saline solution; ASU- Healthy animals that consumed ASU; ART- Animals with arthritis who consumed saline solution; ART/ASU- Animals with arthritis who consumed ASU. The solutions were administered daily by gavage, starting seven days before surgery until completion of the trial period (15, 30 and 60 days after implant placement). It was carried out microtomography analysis (percentage of bone around the implant); biomechanical analysis (removal torque); and histometric analysis (bone-to-implant contact -%BIC; bone area -%BBT), immunohistochemistry and descriptive histology. The results of microtomography ART/ASU group showed lower % of bone in the area around the implant that ASU and ART groups (15 and 30 days). In biomechanical analysis, force counter-torque for implant removal was higher in the ART / ASU group within 30 days. In histometry it was found that the ASU group and ART / ASU had higher %BIC values that the ART group within 60 days; ASU group had higher %BIC that CTR group at 60 days; and the ART / ASU group had higher %BIC that the ART group at 30 days. The %BBT was higher in animals ART / ASU group in relation to the ART group in periods of 30 and 60 days. In histology was found in the ASU group a mature bone tissue in relation to the CTR group; and the ART group was observed a slow bone remodeling process. In immunohistochemistry it was found a higher osteocalcin expression in the CTR group and TGF-β1 in the ASU group. The unsaponifiable oil extract of avocado and soy had a positive influence on osseointegration of implants.
This study evaluated the influence of the administration of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on implant osseointegration in healthy and arthritis animals. Titanium implants were used with 4 mm length x 2.2 mm diameter, installed in the tibiae of rats. In study 1, thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups: ASU1: ASU administration from 7 days prior to implant placement; ASU2: ASU administration beginning on the day of implant placement, and CTL: saline solution administration. In all animals a titanium implant was placed in each of the tibia. All animals received ASU or saline by gavage every day for 60 days until the sacrifice. Osseointegration was evaluated by analysis of radiographic and biomechanical bone density; descriptive histology, immunohistochemistry for BMP2, TGFβ1, and osteocalcin, and histomorphometric evaluation ossoimplante contact (BIC) and mineralized area fraction of the bone into the threads of the implant (BBT). ASU1 ASU2 and showed increased expression of TGF-β1 and BMP-2 compared to CTL (P <0.05). The histomorphometric analysis, ASU1 and ASU2 groups showed significantly higher values BIC only in the cortical bone region, as compared to the CTL (P <0.05). In study 2, 120 animals were randomly divided into four groups: CTR- Healthy animals who consumed saline solution; ASU- Healthy animals that consumed ASU; ART- Animals with arthritis who consumed saline solution; ART/ASU- Animals with arthritis who consumed ASU. The solutions were administered daily by gavage, starting seven days before surgery until completion of the trial period (15, 30 and 60 days after implant placement). It was carried out microtomography analysis (percentage of bone around the implant); biomechanical analysis (removal torque); and histometric analysis (bone-to-implant contact -%BIC; bone area -%BBT), immunohistochemistry and descriptive histology. The results of microtomography ART/ASU group showed lower % of bone in the area around the implant that ASU and ART groups (15 and 30 days). In biomechanical analysis, force counter-torque for implant removal was higher in the ART / ASU group within 30 days. In histometry it was found that the ASU group and ART / ASU had higher %BIC values that the ART group within 60 days; ASU group had higher %BIC that CTR group at 60 days; and the ART / ASU group had higher %BIC that the ART group at 30 days. The %BBT was higher in animals ART / ASU group in relation to the ART group in periods of 30 and 60 days. In histology was found in the ASU group a mature bone tissue in relation to the CTR group; and the ART group was observed a slow bone remodeling process. In immunohistochemistry it was found a higher osteocalcin expression in the CTR group and TGF-β1 in the ASU group. The unsaponifiable oil extract of avocado and soy had a positive influence on osseointegration of implants.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fitoterapia, Remodelação óssea, Osseointegração, Implantes dentários, Phytotherapy, Bone remodeling, Osseointegration, Dental implants