Programa de alfabetização para alunos com paralisia cerebral
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Data
2016-06-10
Autores
Reganhan, Walkiria Gonçalves [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O ensino do aluno com paralisia cerebral deve atender ao currículo escolar e, para que a aprendizagem aconteça, sabe-se que se faz necessário um ensino sistematizado, o qual irá garantir a aquisição do Sistema de Escrita Alfabética. Objetiva-se, com este estudo, analisar os efeitos de um programa de alfabetização voltado para a prática pedagógica do professor do Atendimento Educacional Especializado, nos avanços das hipóteses de escrita do aluno com paralisia cerebral. Os participantes desta investigação foram duas alunas com paralisia cerebral matriculadas no 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental e uma professora-pesquisadora. O estudo foi realizado em uma Escola Municipal do interior de São Paulo. A pesquisa foi dividida em dois estudos denominados Estudo 1: Desenvolvimento e análise de um programa de alfabetização para alunos com paralisia cerebral escolarizados e Estudo 2: Efeitos de um programa de alfabetização para aquisição do sistema de escrita alfabética de alunos com paralisia cerebral. O Estudo 1 teve como objetivo elaborar, sistematizar e analisar um programa de alfabetização para alunos com paralisia cerebral. Foram efetuadas filmagens e registros em diário de campo de um programa com atividades de escrita elaboradas pelo professor-pesquisador, a partir do nível de escrita das alunas. Os dados das filmagens e do diário de campo foram transcritos e categorizados. Considerou-se que o professor é responsável por um ensino sistematizado sobre a aquisição do Sistema de Escrita Alfabética, com base em um planejamento adequado às necessidades acadêmicas e características funcionais do aluno com paralisia cerebral. No Estudo 2, buscou-se verificar os efeitos do programa de alfabetização na evolução das hipóteses de escrita das crianças com paralisa cerebral. Para a coleta de dados, utilizaram-se três instrumentos: a) protocolo de registro do desempenho do aluno, durante a realização da sondagem; b) tabela de desempenho do aluno, em relação à compreensão do Sistema de Escrita Alfabética e c) programa de alfabetização. Para análise dos dados obtidos, estes foram exportados para gráficos e fez-se uma análise visual. Neste estudo, verificou-se que os alunos com paralisia cerebral são capazes de avançar nas hipóteses de escrita e adquirir conhecimento sobre o sistema de escrita alfabética, seguindo o que é proposto no currículo escolar, dentro de um contexto com práticas de leitura e escrita. Conclui-se que o ensino sistematizado pode favorecer a aprendizagem da escrita pelo aluno com paralisia cerebral.
The teaching of the student with cerebral palsy must meet the school curriculum, and so that the learning can be achieved, it is necessary a systematized teaching which will ensure the aquisition of the Alphabetical Writing System. This study aims to analyse the effects of a literacy program aimed at the pedagogical practice of the teacher from the Specialized Educational Service, in the advances of the hypothesis of writing of the student with cerebral palsy. The participants of this study were two students with cerebral palsy enrolled in the 3rd grade of Elementary School, and a teacher-researcher. The study was conducted in a municipal school from the state of São Paulo. The research was divided into two studies: Study 1: Development and analysis of a literacy program for educated students with cerebral palsy, and Study 2: Effects of a literacy program for aquisition of the alphabetical writing system of students with cerebral palsy. The study 1 aimed to develop, systematize and analyze a literacy program for students with cerebral palsy. Filming and field journal register of a program with writing activities created by the teacher-researcher from the writing level of the students were made. The data from the filming and the field diary were transcribed and categorized. It was considered that the teacher is responsible for a systematized teaching about the acquisition of the Alphabetical Writing System, from proper planning to academic needs and functional characteristics of the student with cerebral palsy. In study 2, it was sought to evaluate the effects of the literacy program in the evolution of the writing hypothesis of the children with cerebral palsy. Three instruments were used in collecting the data: a) registration protocol of the student performance during the conduct of the poll; b) performance table of the student related to the understanding of the Alphabetical Writing System; c) literacy program. The registered data were exported to graphics, and a visual analysis was carried out in order to analyse them. In this study, it was stablished that the students with cerebral palsy are able to progress in the writing hyphotesis, and acquire knowledge about the Alphabetical Writing System, according to what is proposed in the school curriculum, in a context with reading and writing practices. It was concluded that the systematized teaching can promote the learning of writing by the student with cerebral palsy.
The teaching of the student with cerebral palsy must meet the school curriculum, and so that the learning can be achieved, it is necessary a systematized teaching which will ensure the aquisition of the Alphabetical Writing System. This study aims to analyse the effects of a literacy program aimed at the pedagogical practice of the teacher from the Specialized Educational Service, in the advances of the hypothesis of writing of the student with cerebral palsy. The participants of this study were two students with cerebral palsy enrolled in the 3rd grade of Elementary School, and a teacher-researcher. The study was conducted in a municipal school from the state of São Paulo. The research was divided into two studies: Study 1: Development and analysis of a literacy program for educated students with cerebral palsy, and Study 2: Effects of a literacy program for aquisition of the alphabetical writing system of students with cerebral palsy. The study 1 aimed to develop, systematize and analyze a literacy program for students with cerebral palsy. Filming and field journal register of a program with writing activities created by the teacher-researcher from the writing level of the students were made. The data from the filming and the field diary were transcribed and categorized. It was considered that the teacher is responsible for a systematized teaching about the acquisition of the Alphabetical Writing System, from proper planning to academic needs and functional characteristics of the student with cerebral palsy. In study 2, it was sought to evaluate the effects of the literacy program in the evolution of the writing hypothesis of the children with cerebral palsy. Three instruments were used in collecting the data: a) registration protocol of the student performance during the conduct of the poll; b) performance table of the student related to the understanding of the Alphabetical Writing System; c) literacy program. The registered data were exported to graphics, and a visual analysis was carried out in order to analyse them. In this study, it was stablished that the students with cerebral palsy are able to progress in the writing hyphotesis, and acquire knowledge about the Alphabetical Writing System, according to what is proposed in the school curriculum, in a context with reading and writing practices. It was concluded that the systematized teaching can promote the learning of writing by the student with cerebral palsy.
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Palavras-chave
Educação Especial, Alfabetização, Sistema de Escrita Alfabética, Paralisia Cerebral, Inclusão, Special Education, Literacy, Alphabetical Writing System, Cerebral Palsy, Inclusion