Considerações da teoria do desenvolvimento humano para a dimensão social do ISE BM&FBOVESPA: uma análise com painel de especialistas
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Data
2016-07-05
Autores
Bataiola, Marcel Henrique [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A sustentabilidade hoje é uma pauta importante entre as políticas governamentais e programas regionais, tendo mais recentemente sido inserida no ambiente empresarial, se consolidando progressivamente no mercado de capitais. Nesse contexto, nas duas últimas décadas foram criados diversos índices de sustentabilidade empresarial com o intuito de avaliar o desempenho em sustentabilidade de empresas listadas nas bolsas de valores. Em 2005, a Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de São Paulo (BM&FBOVESPA) lançou o Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE) o primeiro na América Latina. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a dimensão social do ISE e identificar pontos de interface com a teoria de desenvolvimento humano de Amartya Sen, utilizando-se da abordagem das liberdades instrumentais num contexto microeconômico. Visando complementar e preencher lacunas existentes, a presente pesquisa irá se utilizar de uma abordagem qualitativa e não-financeira para analisar a dimensão social do índice de sustentabilidade empresarial da bolsa de valores brasileira. Para que esse objetivo fosse alcançado, foram utilizados os métodos de pesquisa documental no questionário da dimensão social do ISE, painel de especialistas, que contou com a participação de cinco especialistas da área de sustentabilidade de diferentes tipos de organizações, e análise de conteúdo, que foi utilizada para sistematizar as informações coletadas. Os principais resultados obtidos indicaram que: (a) é possível e coerente aplicar a abordagem da teoria das liberdades individuais num contexto microeconômico; (b) índices de sustentabilidade empresarial demonstram claramente ganhos complementares aos ganhos financeiros; (c) um melhor desempenho na dimensão social proporciona alguns ganhos intangíveis para as empresas; (d) a importância da área de sustentabilidade nas empresas, bem como sua integração com as demais áreas envolvidas; e (e) as liberdades e stakeholders mais citados foram respectivamente: (i) garantias de transparência (33,3%), e liberdades políticas (30%); (ii) empresários (100%), funcionários (83%) e governo (67%). Os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa permitiram uma série de análises sobre o ISE BM&FBOVESPA com foco na dimensão social, abrindo caminho para pesquisas futuras.
Sustainability today is an important schedule between government policies and regional programs, and more recently has been inserted in the business environment, gradually consolidating in the capital market. In this context, in the last two decades have created various indices of corporate sustainability in order to assess the sustainability performance of companies listed on stock exchanges. In 2005, the Stock Exchange, Commodities and Futures Exchange (BM&F BOVESPA) launched the Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE) the first in Latin America. This research aims to analyze the social dimension of ISE and identify points of interface with the human development theory of Amartya Sen, using the approach of instrumental freedoms in a microeconomic context. To complement and fill gaps, this research will be used a qualitative approach and non-financial to analyze the social dimension of corporate sustainability index of the Brazilian stock exchange. For this goal to be achieved, the documentary research methods were used in the questionnaire of the social dimension of the ISE, expert panel, which included the participation of five specialists in the field of sustainability of different types of organizations, and content analysis, which it was used to organize the information collected. The main results indicate that: (a) it is possible and coherent to apply the approach of the theory of individual freedoms in a microeconomic context; (b) corporate sustainability indices clearly demonstrate further gains for financial gain; (c) a better performance in the social dimension provides some intangible gains for companies; (d) the importance of the area of sustainability in business as well as its integration with other areas involved; and (e) the freedoms and stakeholders most cited were respectively: (i) transparency guarantees (33.3%) and political freedom (30%); (ii) business (100%), employees (83%) and government (67%). The results obtained in this study allowed a series of analyzes on the ISE BM&FBOVESPA focusing on the social dimension, paving the way for future research.
Sustainability today is an important schedule between government policies and regional programs, and more recently has been inserted in the business environment, gradually consolidating in the capital market. In this context, in the last two decades have created various indices of corporate sustainability in order to assess the sustainability performance of companies listed on stock exchanges. In 2005, the Stock Exchange, Commodities and Futures Exchange (BM&F BOVESPA) launched the Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE) the first in Latin America. This research aims to analyze the social dimension of ISE and identify points of interface with the human development theory of Amartya Sen, using the approach of instrumental freedoms in a microeconomic context. To complement and fill gaps, this research will be used a qualitative approach and non-financial to analyze the social dimension of corporate sustainability index of the Brazilian stock exchange. For this goal to be achieved, the documentary research methods were used in the questionnaire of the social dimension of the ISE, expert panel, which included the participation of five specialists in the field of sustainability of different types of organizations, and content analysis, which it was used to organize the information collected. The main results indicate that: (a) it is possible and coherent to apply the approach of the theory of individual freedoms in a microeconomic context; (b) corporate sustainability indices clearly demonstrate further gains for financial gain; (c) a better performance in the social dimension provides some intangible gains for companies; (d) the importance of the area of sustainability in business as well as its integration with other areas involved; and (e) the freedoms and stakeholders most cited were respectively: (i) transparency guarantees (33.3%) and political freedom (30%); (ii) business (100%), employees (83%) and government (67%). The results obtained in this study allowed a series of analyzes on the ISE BM&FBOVESPA focusing on the social dimension, paving the way for future research.
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Palavras-chave
Sustentabilidade empresarial, Desenvolvimento humano, ISE BM&FBOVESPA, Investimento socialmente responsável, Corporate sustainability, Human development, Socially responsible investment