Utilização de pó de exaustão de areia de fundição para oxidação eletrolítica assistida por plasma em liga de alumínio
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Data
2016-07-18
Autores
Souza, Carime dos Santos [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A fundição é o processo de produção de peças metálicas que consiste em despejar metal líquido em um molde com formato e medidas correspondentes aos da peça a ser fabricada. Durante a confecção dos moldes de areia é gerado pó de exaustão como resíduo desse processo. O descarte desse resíduo traz diversos danos ambientais e visando a utilização do resíduo, este trabalho propõe o seu uso para a produção de revestimentos, como filme de proteção em uma superfície de liga de alumínio, através da técnica de oxidação eletrolítica assistida por plasma (do inglês: Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)). O PEO é um processo em que o plasma atmosférico e a eletrólise convencional são combinados para a alteração de superfícies metálicas em óxidos cerâmicos. Neste trabalho, foram obtidos recobrimentos em ligas de alumínio 5052, através da oxidação em plasma eletrolítico, utilizando solução eletrolítica preparada com pó de exaustão e água destilada nas concentrações de 5 g/L e 10 g/L. O plasma eletrolítico foi obtido aplicando-se uma diferença de potencial de 650 V, frequência de 200 Hz e utilizando tempo de deposição de 300 s, 600 s e 900 s. Foi feita a caracterização do resíduo pó de exaustão por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), Espectroscopia de Energia Dispersiva (EDS), Difração de Raios X (DRX) e Espectroscopia de Infravermelho (FTIR). Os revestimentos foram analisados por MEV/EDS, DRX, FTIR, ângulo de contato e energia de superfície, rugosidade, espessura e ensaio de desgaste por pino-sobre-disco. O pó de exaustão de areia de fundição apresentou ser composto por O, Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Ti, Na, K, Ca, nas fases quartzo (SiO2), hematita (Fe2O3), óxido de potássio (K2O), óxido de alumínio (Al2O3), óxido de sódio (Na2O2) e periclase (MgO). Os revestimentos apresentaram C, O, Mg, Al, Si, P, Ca, Fe, K, Zn, Ti, Na, Mn. Ao final das 20 semanas, foi constatado que os revestimentos se apresentaram hidrofílicos, com o ângulo de contato entre 70º a 90º. Os revestimentos tiveram maior rugosidade que o alumínio. O aumento da concentração acarretou na diminuição da rugosidade para as deposições. A concentração e o tempo influenciaram positivamente no aumento da espessura dos revestimentos. Independente da concentração da solução eletrolítica, a taxa de deposição diminui com o aumento do tempo de deposição. O ensaio de pino sobre disco mostrou que a placa de alumínio sem tratamento perde muita massa em relação ao pino que é de aço. Os revestimentos obtidos têm ganho de massa indicando serem abrasivos, retirando massa do pino.
Casting is the production process for metal parts that consists in pouring molten metal in a mold with corresponding shape and measurement of the part to be manufactured. During the manufacturing of sand molds exhaustion powder is generated as this process residue. The disposal of this waste causes lots of environmental damage . This work aims to propose the usage of this waste in the production of coating, as a protective film on an aluminum alloy surface through the use of electrolytic oxidation technique assisted by plasma (the English: Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)). The PEO is a process in which the atmospheric plasma and conventional electrolysis are combined for the modification of metal surfaces on ceramic oxides. In this work, coatings in 5052 aluminum alloys were obtained through electrolytic oxidation in plasma using the electrolytic solution prepared with fume powder and distilled water at concentrations of 5 g / L and 10 g / L. The electrolytic plasma was obtained by applying a potential difference of 650 V, frequency 200 Hz and using a deposition time of 300 s, 600 s and 900 s. The characterization of the exhaustion dust residue was carried out through Scanning Electron Microscopy (MEV), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-Ray Diffraction (DRX) and Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The coatings were analyzed by MEV / EDS, DRX, FTIR, contact angle and surface energy, roughness, thickness and wear test in pin-on-disc. The exhaust powder from sand casting was composed of O, Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Ti, Na, K, Ca in the quartz layers (SiO2), hematite (Fe2O3), potassium oxide (K2O) oxide aluminum oxide (Al2O3), sodium oxide (Na2O2) and periclase (MgO). The coatings showed C, O, Mg, Al, Si, P, Ca, Fe, K, Zn, Ti, In, Mn. After of 20 weeks, it was verified that the coatings presented hydrophilic, with contact angle between 70º to 90º. The coatings surface presented higher roughness than aluminum. The increase in the concentration resulted in a decrease in the roughness for deposition. The concentration and the time had affected positively the increase in thickness of the coatings. Regardless the concentration of the electrolyte solution, the deposition rate decreases with the increase of deposition time. The pin on disk test showed that the untreated aluminum plate loses much mass in relation to the steel pin. The coatings obtained have weight gain which indicates that they are abrasive and able to remove the mass of the pin.
Casting is the production process for metal parts that consists in pouring molten metal in a mold with corresponding shape and measurement of the part to be manufactured. During the manufacturing of sand molds exhaustion powder is generated as this process residue. The disposal of this waste causes lots of environmental damage . This work aims to propose the usage of this waste in the production of coating, as a protective film on an aluminum alloy surface through the use of electrolytic oxidation technique assisted by plasma (the English: Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)). The PEO is a process in which the atmospheric plasma and conventional electrolysis are combined for the modification of metal surfaces on ceramic oxides. In this work, coatings in 5052 aluminum alloys were obtained through electrolytic oxidation in plasma using the electrolytic solution prepared with fume powder and distilled water at concentrations of 5 g / L and 10 g / L. The electrolytic plasma was obtained by applying a potential difference of 650 V, frequency 200 Hz and using a deposition time of 300 s, 600 s and 900 s. The characterization of the exhaustion dust residue was carried out through Scanning Electron Microscopy (MEV), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-Ray Diffraction (DRX) and Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The coatings were analyzed by MEV / EDS, DRX, FTIR, contact angle and surface energy, roughness, thickness and wear test in pin-on-disc. The exhaust powder from sand casting was composed of O, Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Ti, Na, K, Ca in the quartz layers (SiO2), hematite (Fe2O3), potassium oxide (K2O) oxide aluminum oxide (Al2O3), sodium oxide (Na2O2) and periclase (MgO). The coatings showed C, O, Mg, Al, Si, P, Ca, Fe, K, Zn, Ti, In, Mn. After of 20 weeks, it was verified that the coatings presented hydrophilic, with contact angle between 70º to 90º. The coatings surface presented higher roughness than aluminum. The increase in the concentration resulted in a decrease in the roughness for deposition. The concentration and the time had affected positively the increase in thickness of the coatings. Regardless the concentration of the electrolyte solution, the deposition rate decreases with the increase of deposition time. The pin on disk test showed that the untreated aluminum plate loses much mass in relation to the steel pin. The coatings obtained have weight gain which indicates that they are abrasive and able to remove the mass of the pin.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Resíduo de fundição, Revestimento cerâmico, Plasma eletrolítico, Alumínio 5052, Casting residue, Ceramic coating, Plasma electrolytic aluminum 5052