Dispositivo móvel para análise de conforto térmico e ambiência
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Data
2016-07-27
Autores
Oliveira Júnior, Arilson José de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nos países de clima tropical, como o Brasil, um dos maiores desafios para produção animal e trabalho humano são os fatores ambientais, como altas temperaturas e umidades dentro de ambientes, assim como as tipologias das instalações, muitas vezes limitantes para o desempenho produtivo. O conforto térmico e a ambiência são áreas de estudo que tem por objetivo conceder o bem-estar para indivíduos, sejam eles animais ou seres humanos. Nos dias atuais grande parte das análises de conforto térmico no meio agrícola, ressaltando às em ambientes de produção animal, utilizam índices que possibilitam a avaliação do nível de estresse térmico de um determinado local por meio de variáveis climatológicas, como o Índice de Temperatura e Umidade – ITU, Índice de Temperatura de Globo Negro e Umidade – ITGU e Índice de Temperatura Equivalente – ITEq. Semelhantemente, em locais de trabalho humano há um limite de tolerância para exposição ao calor que deve ser monitorado mediante o chamado Índice de Bulbo Úmido Termômetro de Globo – IBUTG. Para a resolução desses índices, não há atualmente um sistema computacional específico, de hardware e software, que forneça, em tempo real, a condição térmica de um ambiente. Deste modo, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver um sistema computacional capaz de avaliar, em tempo real, o conforto térmico de instalações de produção animal e de ambientes de trabalho humano. O sistema foi desenvolvido baseado na criação de um dispositivo portátil para coleta e transmissão das variáveis climatológicas de temperatura do ar, temperatura de globo negro e umidade relativa do ar, e do desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para smartphones e tablets Android. O dispositivo portátil foi desenvolvido utilizando um microcontrolador padrão Arduino, juntamente com sensores de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar. Para o desenvolvimento do aplicativo para dispositivos móveis, foi utilizado a linguagem de programação orientada a objetos Java no ambiente de desenvolvimento integrado Android Studio. O aplicativo para dispositivos móveis e o dispositivo portátil foram aplicados em diferentes ambientes e apresentaram correta medição de variáveis climatológicas e cálculo dos índices de conforto térmico. O dispositivo portátil demonstrou ser um produto funcional na transmissão de dados para dispositivos móveis.
In tropical weather countries, such as Brazil, one of the greatest challenges for animal production and human work environments are environmental factors, among them high temperature and humidity inside of the environments, as well as the type of facilities which are limiting for productive performance. The thermal comfort and the ambience are study areas that aims the well-being of individuals, whether they are animals or humans. It is possible to define thermal comfort as the pleasant thermal sensation of the body, in which are not necessary physiological efforts to keep the body in thermal balance. Nowadays, several analysis of thermal comfort in the agriculture environment, mainly at environments of animal production, apply indexes to make it possible the evaluation of thermal stress level of a specific place through the climatological variables, for instance, the Temperature and Humidity Index – THI, Black Globe-Humidity Index – BGHI and Heat Load Index – HLI. In the same way, at places of human work, there is a tolerance limit for heat exposition that should be monitored by the known Wet-bulb Globe Temperature Index – WBGT index. Currently, for resolution of these indexes, there is not a specific computational system (hardware and software) that provides the thermal comfort of an environment in real time. Therefore, the present work aimed to develop a computational system with features to evaluate in real time the thermal comfort of facilities of animal production and human work. The system was developed based on the creation of a mobile device to collect and transmit weather variables from the air temperature, black globe temperature and relative air humidity, and also the development of an app for smartphones and tablets. The mobile device was developed using the Arduino microcontroller, along with sensors of air temperature and relative humidity. For the development of the app it was used the Java oriented object program language, with the Android integrated development environment. The app for mobile devices and the portable device were applied in different environments and both presented a correctly measurement of climatological variables and the calculating of thermal comfort indexes. The portable device proved to be a functional product in data transmission for mobile devices.
In tropical weather countries, such as Brazil, one of the greatest challenges for animal production and human work environments are environmental factors, among them high temperature and humidity inside of the environments, as well as the type of facilities which are limiting for productive performance. The thermal comfort and the ambience are study areas that aims the well-being of individuals, whether they are animals or humans. It is possible to define thermal comfort as the pleasant thermal sensation of the body, in which are not necessary physiological efforts to keep the body in thermal balance. Nowadays, several analysis of thermal comfort in the agriculture environment, mainly at environments of animal production, apply indexes to make it possible the evaluation of thermal stress level of a specific place through the climatological variables, for instance, the Temperature and Humidity Index – THI, Black Globe-Humidity Index – BGHI and Heat Load Index – HLI. In the same way, at places of human work, there is a tolerance limit for heat exposition that should be monitored by the known Wet-bulb Globe Temperature Index – WBGT index. Currently, for resolution of these indexes, there is not a specific computational system (hardware and software) that provides the thermal comfort of an environment in real time. Therefore, the present work aimed to develop a computational system with features to evaluate in real time the thermal comfort of facilities of animal production and human work. The system was developed based on the creation of a mobile device to collect and transmit weather variables from the air temperature, black globe temperature and relative air humidity, and also the development of an app for smartphones and tablets. The mobile device was developed using the Arduino microcontroller, along with sensors of air temperature and relative humidity. For the development of the app it was used the Java oriented object program language, with the Android integrated development environment. The app for mobile devices and the portable device were applied in different environments and both presented a correctly measurement of climatological variables and the calculating of thermal comfort indexes. The portable device proved to be a functional product in data transmission for mobile devices.
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Palavras-chave
Comportamento termodinâmico, Sistema computacional, Dispositivos portáteis, Arduino, Thermodynamic behavior, Computational systems, Portable devices