A dinâmica da construção da identidade e do território no Quilombo Cafundó (Salto de Pirapora – SP)
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Data
2016-02-12
Autores
Silva, Lucas Bento da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este estudo tem como objetivo a contextualização da luta pela terra, tomando como referência a dinâmica da construção da identidade e da territorialidade do Quilombo Cafundó Salto de Pirapora - SP. A formação histórica do território do Quilombo Cafundó, no âmbito das comunidades tradicionais, é reflexo das disputas e conflitos territoriais que configuram uma luta intensa por terra e por território. Tais conflitos no Quilombo Cafundó são vivenciados entre posseiros, grileiros, empresas privadas, Estado e os quilombolas. A construção do território étnico exigiu dos quilombolas a reinvenção política do seu modo de vida, construindo experiências que se contrapõem ao modelo capitalista de monocultura, concentração fundiária e degradação ambiental. Homens e mulheres buscam possibilidades de resistência social e cultural à logica de exploração dos recursos naturais existente na área. A problemática racial no Brasil relegou aos negros lugares sociais marginalizados, onde a luta pelos seus direitos configura também um campo de batalhas. A abordagem sobre o processo de formação territorial do Cafundó parte da concepção geográfica de território, não apenas do ponto de vista de sua materialidade econômica, mas inclui também sua constituição identitária. A relação identidade e território é apontada na pesquisa como ponto fundamental para a compreensão da luta pela terra no caso estudado. Estudamos as características dos impactos no meio ambiente em uma das quatro áreas pesquisadas, cujos os impactos não são só ambientais, mas socioambientais, devido aos empreendimentos estruturais nos mananciais que tinham que eram usados para abastecer as famílias do Cafundó que na atualidade estão secando. O método utilizado constitui-se na abordagem materialista e dialética da história, que materializou-se a partir do trabalho de campo e da revisão bibliográfica, baseado em história oral, que auxiliou na reconstrução das histórias de vida das famílias do Cafundó, além do entendimento da configuração atual do território.
This study aims to contextualize the struggle for land, with reference to the dynamics of the construction of identity and territoriality of Quilombo Cafundó Pirapora Salto - SP. The historical formation of the territory of Quilombo Cafundó within traditional communities is a reflection of the disputes and territorial conflicts that form an intense struggle for land and territory. Such conflicts in Quilombo Cafundó are experienced between squatters, land grabbers, private companies, state and maroon. The construction of the ethnic territory demanded the Maroons political reinvention of their way of life, building experiences that are opposed to the capitalist model of monoculture, land concentration and environmental degradation. Men and women seek social resistance and cultural opportunities to the logic of exploitation of existing natural resources in the area. The racial issue in Brazil relegated blacks marginalized social places, where the struggle for their rights also sets up a battlefield. The approach to the process of territorial formation of the Cafundó of the geographical concept of territory, not only from the point of view of its economic materiality, but also includes its identity constitution. The relationship identity and territory is identified in the research as a key point for understanding the struggle for land in the case studied. We studied the characteristics of impacts on the environment in one of four areas surveyed, whose impacts are not only environmental, but social and environmental, due to structural developments in the springs that had that were used to supply the families of the Cafundó that currently are drying up. The method constitutes the materialist and dialectical approach of history, which materialized from fieldwork and literature review, based on oral history, which helped in the reconstruction of the life stories of the Cafundó families, beyond understanding the current configuration of the territory.
This study aims to contextualize the struggle for land, with reference to the dynamics of the construction of identity and territoriality of Quilombo Cafundó Pirapora Salto - SP. The historical formation of the territory of Quilombo Cafundó within traditional communities is a reflection of the disputes and territorial conflicts that form an intense struggle for land and territory. Such conflicts in Quilombo Cafundó are experienced between squatters, land grabbers, private companies, state and maroon. The construction of the ethnic territory demanded the Maroons political reinvention of their way of life, building experiences that are opposed to the capitalist model of monoculture, land concentration and environmental degradation. Men and women seek social resistance and cultural opportunities to the logic of exploitation of existing natural resources in the area. The racial issue in Brazil relegated blacks marginalized social places, where the struggle for their rights also sets up a battlefield. The approach to the process of territorial formation of the Cafundó of the geographical concept of territory, not only from the point of view of its economic materiality, but also includes its identity constitution. The relationship identity and territory is identified in the research as a key point for understanding the struggle for land in the case studied. We studied the characteristics of impacts on the environment in one of four areas surveyed, whose impacts are not only environmental, but social and environmental, due to structural developments in the springs that had that were used to supply the families of the Cafundó that currently are drying up. The method constitutes the materialist and dialectical approach of history, which materialized from fieldwork and literature review, based on oral history, which helped in the reconstruction of the life stories of the Cafundó families, beyond understanding the current configuration of the territory.
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Palavras-chave
Conflito agrário, Territorialidade quilombola, Meio Ambiente, Cafundó-SP, Farming Conflict, Territoriality maroon, Environment