Estudo morfológico e de transporte eletrônico em nanoestruturas de ZnO para aplicações em sensor
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Data
2016-06-29
Autores
Silva, Ranilson Angelo da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A eficiência dos materiais semicondutores óxidos metálicos utilizados em dispositivos sensores, depende fortemente de parâmetros morfológicos e estruturais. É de grande interesse que os materiais apresentem um elevado grau nos parâmetros de medidas que definem um bom sensor, como: sinal, sensibilidade, seletividade. Devido a isso, métodos de sínteses adequados têm grande influência no desempenho dos dispositivos, já que interferem diretamente na morfologia e estrutura dos materiais semicondutores. Através dessa perspectiva, nesse trabalho, morfologias do composto semicondutor óxido metálico ZnO foram superficialmente modificadas com o intuito de realizar melhorias para aplicações em sensores de gás e de radiação luminosa (fotocondução) na faixa do ultravioleta. Dois métodos de sínteses foram utilizados: i) evaporação térmica por redução carbotérmica e ii) hidrotermal assistido por micro-ondas, responsáveis por obter morfologias tipo tetrapés e estrelas multipontas, respectivamente. Processos de evaporação térmica por redução carbotérmica tem a grande vantagem de obter estruturas com morfologias unidimensionais, em contrapartida, o método hidrotermal assistido por micro-ondas pode sintetizar uma enorme gama de diferentes morfologias com a vantagem de ser um processo rápido e de baixos custos energéticos. Técnicas como microscopia eletrônica de varredura, microscopia eletrônica de transmissão, difração de raios-X, espectroscopia ultravioleta visível e infravermelho, foram utilizadas para caracterizar o material em seu aspecto morfológico e estrutural. Análises em gases como NO2, CO e H2, e da radiação eletromagnética na região ultravioleta, foram realizadas com a finalidade de se obter parâmetros relevantes como, sinal do sensor (para aplicação em sensor de gás) e responsividade (para aplicação em fotocondução), e verificar a performance do ZnO puro e decorado nesses dois seguimentos de aplicação. Através dos resultados e possível observar que houve boa uniformidade das partículas metálicas aderidas à superfície do ZnO. Com relação as respostas do sensor de gás para os materiais puros e decorados houve um aumento do sinal para decoração com Ag na presença do gás H2. Na presença do gás NO2 o material puro obteve um maior sinal, para ambas morfologias. Já para o gás CO, somente é observado uma resposta do sensor para as estrelas multipontas decoradas com platina. A responsividade das amostras de tetrapés foram elevadas em comparação as amostras de estrelas multipontas com valor da ordem de 0,8 A/W. Os resultados obtidos são de fundamental importância para contribuição científica e levanta margem para um foco ainda mais profundo para o desenvolvimento de dispositivos sensores de alto desempenho.
Efficiency of the metal oxide semiconductor materials used in sensor devices, relies heavily on morphological and structural parameters. Is of great interest that the materials have a high degree in the measurement parameters that define a good sensor, such as signal sensitivity, selectivity. Methods suitable synthesis have great influence on the performance of the devices, since they directly affect the morphology and structure of the semiconductor materials. Therefore, in this work, morphologies of the compound semiconductor metal oxide ZnO were surface modified in order to make improvements for applications in gas sensors and light radiation (photoconduction) in the ultraviolet range. Two methods of synthesis were used: i) thermal evaporation by carbothermal reduction and ii) hydrothermal assisted by microwave, responsible for obtaining morphologies type tetrapods and stars multi-point, respectively. Thermal evaporation processes by reduction carbothermic, has the great advantage of obtaining structures with one-dimensional morphology, however, the hydrothermal method assisted by microwave can synthesize a wide range of different morphologies with the advantage of being a quick process and lower costs energy. Techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and infrared, were used to characterize the material in its morphological and structural aspect. Analysis of gases such as NO2, CO and H2, and electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet region were performed in order to obtain relevant parameters as sensor signal (for use in gas sensor) and responsivity (for use in photoconduction) and check the performance of ZnO and decorated ZnO, in these two application segments. From the results it is observed that there was good uniformity of metal particles adhered to the surface of ZnO. In relation the responses of the gas sensor for pure and decorated material, there was an increase signal for decoration with Ag in the presence of H2 gas. In the presence of NO2 gas, there was a higher signal to both morphologies of pure ZnO. For CO gas, a response to the multi-point stars decorated with platinum is observed. The responsivity of the tripods samples was high compared with multi-point stars, with value of the order of 0.8 A / W. The results are of fundamental importance for scientific contribution and raises margin for an even deeper focus to developing high-performance sensor devices.
Efficiency of the metal oxide semiconductor materials used in sensor devices, relies heavily on morphological and structural parameters. Is of great interest that the materials have a high degree in the measurement parameters that define a good sensor, such as signal sensitivity, selectivity. Methods suitable synthesis have great influence on the performance of the devices, since they directly affect the morphology and structure of the semiconductor materials. Therefore, in this work, morphologies of the compound semiconductor metal oxide ZnO were surface modified in order to make improvements for applications in gas sensors and light radiation (photoconduction) in the ultraviolet range. Two methods of synthesis were used: i) thermal evaporation by carbothermal reduction and ii) hydrothermal assisted by microwave, responsible for obtaining morphologies type tetrapods and stars multi-point, respectively. Thermal evaporation processes by reduction carbothermic, has the great advantage of obtaining structures with one-dimensional morphology, however, the hydrothermal method assisted by microwave can synthesize a wide range of different morphologies with the advantage of being a quick process and lower costs energy. Techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and infrared, were used to characterize the material in its morphological and structural aspect. Analysis of gases such as NO2, CO and H2, and electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet region were performed in order to obtain relevant parameters as sensor signal (for use in gas sensor) and responsivity (for use in photoconduction) and check the performance of ZnO and decorated ZnO, in these two application segments. From the results it is observed that there was good uniformity of metal particles adhered to the surface of ZnO. In relation the responses of the gas sensor for pure and decorated material, there was an increase signal for decoration with Ag in the presence of H2 gas. In the presence of NO2 gas, there was a higher signal to both morphologies of pure ZnO. For CO gas, a response to the multi-point stars decorated with platinum is observed. The responsivity of the tripods samples was high compared with multi-point stars, with value of the order of 0.8 A / W. The results are of fundamental importance for scientific contribution and raises margin for an even deeper focus to developing high-performance sensor devices.
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Palavras-chave
Sensor de gás, Fotodetector, Óxido de zinco, Gas sensor, Photodetector, Zinc oxide