Imprensa e civilização no Rio de Janeiro oitocentista
Carregando...
Data
2016-08-23
Autores
Gagliardo, Vinicius Cranek [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A partir do desembarque da corte portuguesa no Brasil, em 1808, teve início no Rio de Janeiro um intenso processo de urbanização da cidade e de civilização de seus habitantes, cujos referenciais eram os padrões europeus de modernização, progresso e sociabilidade. Esse processo foi responsável, grosso modo, por incentivar um novo tipo de experiência social, marcadamente urbana, que gradativamente alterou a paisagem social oriunda dos tempos coloniais, predominantemente rural. A partir de então, grande parte dos valores e hábitos da população sofreram um desprestígio frente a um novo modo de vida que se difundiu, o que ocasionou inúmeras transformações no cotidiano dos habitantes locais, as quais se estenderam da fisionomia das cidades até os valores morais e costumes do povo. Embora essas modificações tenham sido promovidas por diversas instituições e agentes, os letrados ocuparam aí um dos papéis de maior destaque, pois entendiam que a cultura escrita - em especial as belas-letras e as ciências - tinha o dever de propagar as luzes e a civilização. Dos gêneros escritos, o jornalismo era considerado um dos mais importantes instrumentos de civilização, uma vez que a imprensa tinha o privilégio de publicar em suas páginas os mais diferentes saberes e novidades, divulgando temas referentes a literatura, poesia, crônica teatral, artigos de promoção científica, história, higiene, moda, boas maneiras, moralidade, etc., conhecimentos que sugeriam à população um novo modus vivendi, considerado mais urbano e civilizado. O objetivo principal deste estudo é explicitar este discurso pedagógico construído nos periódicos oitocentistas, o qual visava à formação de um povo e de uma nação civilizados. Para tal, procurou-se mapear uma série de prescrições que foram dirigidas à população, com o intuito de especificar quais eram os principais traços físicos, morais e comportamentais que deveriam compor o homem e a mulher que se desejavam produzir.
From the Portuguese Court arrival in Brazil, in 1808, an intense process of urbanization of the city and civilization of its inhabitants began in Rio de Janeiro, whose references were the European modernization, progress and sociability standards. This process was responsible, roughly speaking, for encouraging a new kind of social experience, markedly urban, which gradually changed the social landscape from colonial times, predominantly rural. Since then, many of the people's values and habits have suffered disrepute facing a new way of life that has spread, which caused many changes in the daily lives of the locals inhabitants, which extended from the physiognomy of the cities to the moral values and customs of the people. Although various institutions and agents have promoted these changes, the literates occupied then one of the most prominent roles, because they understood that the written culture - especially the belles-lettres and sciences - had a duty to spread the lights and civilization. Of the written genres, journalism was considered one of the most significant instruments of civilization, since the press had the privilege to publish in its pages the most different knowledges and news, disseminating themes related to literature, poetry, theatrical chronicle, articles of science promotion, history, hygiene, fashion, manners, morality, etc., knowledges that suggested to the population a new modus vivendi, considered more urban and civilized. The aim of this study is to make explicit this pedagogical discourse built in the nineteenth-century periodicals, which aimed at the formation of a civilized people and nation. To do this, I tried to map a series of prescriptions that were directed at the population, in order to specify which were the main physical, moral and behavioral traits that should compose the man and woman who wanted to produce.
From the Portuguese Court arrival in Brazil, in 1808, an intense process of urbanization of the city and civilization of its inhabitants began in Rio de Janeiro, whose references were the European modernization, progress and sociability standards. This process was responsible, roughly speaking, for encouraging a new kind of social experience, markedly urban, which gradually changed the social landscape from colonial times, predominantly rural. Since then, many of the people's values and habits have suffered disrepute facing a new way of life that has spread, which caused many changes in the daily lives of the locals inhabitants, which extended from the physiognomy of the cities to the moral values and customs of the people. Although various institutions and agents have promoted these changes, the literates occupied then one of the most prominent roles, because they understood that the written culture - especially the belles-lettres and sciences - had a duty to spread the lights and civilization. Of the written genres, journalism was considered one of the most significant instruments of civilization, since the press had the privilege to publish in its pages the most different knowledges and news, disseminating themes related to literature, poetry, theatrical chronicle, articles of science promotion, history, hygiene, fashion, manners, morality, etc., knowledges that suggested to the population a new modus vivendi, considered more urban and civilized. The aim of this study is to make explicit this pedagogical discourse built in the nineteenth-century periodicals, which aimed at the formation of a civilized people and nation. To do this, I tried to map a series of prescriptions that were directed at the population, in order to specify which were the main physical, moral and behavioral traits that should compose the man and woman who wanted to produce.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Imprensa, Civilização, Povo, Rio de Janeiro, Século XIX, Mulher, Homem