Revisão taxonômica e análise cladística do gênero Dolichothele Mello-Leitão, 1923 (Araneae: Theraphosidae)
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Data
2016-11-17
Autores
Revollo, Irene Soliz [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O gênero Dolichothele Mello-Leitão, 1923 é revisado e compreende 11 espécies: D. exilis Mello-Leitão, 1923 (espécie-tipo), D. bolivianum (Vol, 2001), D. dominguense (Guadanucci, 2007), D. rufoniger (Guadanucci, 2007), D. tucuruiense (Guadanucci, 2007), D. diamantinensis (Bertani, Santos & Righi, 2009), D. mineirum (Guadanucci, 2011), e 4 espécies novas: D. sp. nov. 1, D. sp. nov. 2, D. sp. Nov. 3, e D. sp. nov. 4. Dolichothele auratum (Vellard, 1924), cujo tipo está supostamente perdido, é considerado nomem dubium. Todas as espécies são rediagnosticadas e uma chave é apresentada permitindo as suas identificações. Mapas com a distribuição de todas as espécies são apresentados. Análises cladísticas utilizando uma matriz com 30 caracteres e 20 táxons foi analisada utilizando pesos iguais com o programa Nona 2.0, assim como com pesos diferentes usando PeeWee 1.3 e concavidades de 1 a 6. Dois cladogramas foram obtidos com pesos iguais, o consenso (L = 68, IC = 0,55, RI = 0,67) não recuperou o gênero Dolichothele como monofilético, uma vez que D. exilis não está incluído no clado com as outras espécies. Um único cladograma foi obtido usando diferentes pesos e concavidades 1-6 (L = 62, fit = 1996.4), todos com a mesma topologia. O cladograma escolhido com pesos diferentes confirma o monofiletismo de Dolichothele, cujo clado é suportado pelo caráter "escópula tarsal da perna IV integral, com fileira de cerdas esparsas".
The genus Dolichothele Mello-Leitão, 1923 is revised and comprises 11 species: D. exilis Mello-Leitão, 1923 (type species), D. bolivianum (Vol, 2001), D. dominguense (Guadanucci, 2007), D. rufoniger (Guadanucci, 2007), D. tucuruiense (Guadanucci, 2007), D. diamantinensis (Bertani, Santos & Righi, 2009), D. mineirum (Guadanucci, 2011), and 4 new species: D. sp. nov. 1, D. sp. nov. 2, D. sp. nov. 3, and D. sp. nov. 4. Dolichothele auratum (Vellard, 1924) which type is supposed lost is herein considered nomem dubium. All the species were rediagnosed and a key is presented allowing their identification. Maps with the distribution of all species are presented. Cladistic analyses using a matrix with 30 characters and 20 taxa were carried out using equal weights with the program Nona 2.0 as well as with different weights using Pee- Wee 1.3 and concavities from 1 to 6. Two cladograms were obtained with equal weights, and the consensus (L = 68, CI = 0.55, RI = 0.67) did not recover the genus Dolichothele as monophyletic, since D. exilis is not included in the clade with the other species. A single cladogram was obtained using different weights and concavities 1-6 (L=62, fit=1996.4) all having the same topology. The chosen cladogram using different weights confirms the monophyly of Dolichothele, which clade is supported by the character “scopula tarsal of the leg IV integral, with row of sparse setae”
The genus Dolichothele Mello-Leitão, 1923 is revised and comprises 11 species: D. exilis Mello-Leitão, 1923 (type species), D. bolivianum (Vol, 2001), D. dominguense (Guadanucci, 2007), D. rufoniger (Guadanucci, 2007), D. tucuruiense (Guadanucci, 2007), D. diamantinensis (Bertani, Santos & Righi, 2009), D. mineirum (Guadanucci, 2011), and 4 new species: D. sp. nov. 1, D. sp. nov. 2, D. sp. nov. 3, and D. sp. nov. 4. Dolichothele auratum (Vellard, 1924) which type is supposed lost is herein considered nomem dubium. All the species were rediagnosed and a key is presented allowing their identification. Maps with the distribution of all species are presented. Cladistic analyses using a matrix with 30 characters and 20 taxa were carried out using equal weights with the program Nona 2.0 as well as with different weights using Pee- Wee 1.3 and concavities from 1 to 6. Two cladograms were obtained with equal weights, and the consensus (L = 68, CI = 0.55, RI = 0.67) did not recover the genus Dolichothele as monophyletic, since D. exilis is not included in the clade with the other species. A single cladogram was obtained using different weights and concavities 1-6 (L=62, fit=1996.4) all having the same topology. The chosen cladogram using different weights confirms the monophyly of Dolichothele, which clade is supported by the character “scopula tarsal of the leg IV integral, with row of sparse setae”
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Palavras-chave
Bolívia, Brasil, Ischnocolinae, Novas espécies, Taxonomia de aranhas, Brazil, Ischnocolinae, New species, Spider taxonomy