Uma proposta metodológica para a avaliação da percepção ambiental de usuários de parques urbanos municipais
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Data
2017-02-06
Autores
Sperandio, Fabricio Camillo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A ocupação do território, provocando o desequilíbrio ambiental, caracteriza-se de acordo com divergentes aspectos históricos, culturais e econômicos, que são capazes de originar condições singulares como as da conservação do ambiente natural e da degradação ambiental desencadeados pela ação antrópica. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho demonstrou as diferentes visões sobre as questões ambientais em um público heterogêneo. O estudo analisou tanto a situação da percepção padrão da qualidade ambiental, como também relacionou as condições sócias demográficas com as diferentes respostas dos entrevistados com o meio ambiente. A análise da Percepção Ambiental, foi baseada por meio de um questionário aplicado aos frequentadores do Parque Natural dos Esportes “Chico Mendes” em Sorocaba - SP. As questões envolvidas partiram do discorrimento sobre três meios, que são os meios antrópicos, físico e biótico. Os dados das respostas foram analisados em duas fases distintas: A primeira fase se constituiu numa análise e discussão dos percentuais totais de cada questão confrontando com a literatura revista. A segunda fase utilizou-se da análise de correspondência das camadas sócias demográficas permitindo identificar a influência da renda, escolaridade e faixa etária nas respostas do questionário. Os resultados obtidos demonstram uma variação da percepção sobre a qualidade ambiental do meio. Evidenciando a importância dos Parques no meio urbano para a comunidade frequentadora, bem como a ocupação disciplinada do território em diferentes níveis sócio demográficos.
Territorial occupation, leading to environmental imbalances, is characterized according to historical, cultural and economic aspects, which are capable of originating unique conditions, such as preservation of natural environments and environmental degradation triggered by anthropogenic actions. In such context, the present work evidenced different points of view regarding environmental issues on a heterogeneous population. This study also aimed to analyze the situation of standard environmental quality perception, as well as to relate demographic social conditions to different answers, concerning the environment, provided by those interviewed. Analysis of Environmental Perception was based on a questionnaire applied to visitors of the “Chico Mendes” Sports Natural Park, on the city of Sorocaba, state of São Paulo, Southeast region of Brazil. Questions involved started from the discourse over three environments, specifically the anthropic, physical and biotic environments. Data from all answers were analyzed in two distinct phases. The first stage was formed by analysis and discussion of the total percentages of each question, compared to reviewed literature. The second phase used a correspondence analysis of demographic social layers, allowing for the identification of influences caused by income, schooling and age on answers from the questionnaire. Obtained results clearly demonstrate a variation of perception over environmental quality. These same results reinforce and evidence the importance of natural parks on urban surroundings to the communities which visit them, as well as the importance of a disciplined occupation of territory in different social and demographic levels.
Territorial occupation, leading to environmental imbalances, is characterized according to historical, cultural and economic aspects, which are capable of originating unique conditions, such as preservation of natural environments and environmental degradation triggered by anthropogenic actions. In such context, the present work evidenced different points of view regarding environmental issues on a heterogeneous population. This study also aimed to analyze the situation of standard environmental quality perception, as well as to relate demographic social conditions to different answers, concerning the environment, provided by those interviewed. Analysis of Environmental Perception was based on a questionnaire applied to visitors of the “Chico Mendes” Sports Natural Park, on the city of Sorocaba, state of São Paulo, Southeast region of Brazil. Questions involved started from the discourse over three environments, specifically the anthropic, physical and biotic environments. Data from all answers were analyzed in two distinct phases. The first stage was formed by analysis and discussion of the total percentages of each question, compared to reviewed literature. The second phase used a correspondence analysis of demographic social layers, allowing for the identification of influences caused by income, schooling and age on answers from the questionnaire. Obtained results clearly demonstrate a variation of perception over environmental quality. These same results reinforce and evidence the importance of natural parks on urban surroundings to the communities which visit them, as well as the importance of a disciplined occupation of territory in different social and demographic levels.
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Palavras-chave
Ocupação do território, Percepção ambiental, Questionário de percepção, Parques no meio urbano, Parque Natural dos Esportes “Chico Mendes”