Temperatura e substrato na germinação de Physalis angulata L.
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Data
2016-11-04
Autores
Bagatim, Amanda Garcia [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Devido as escassas informações sobre as melhores condições para a produção de mudas de physalis no Brasil, este trabalho teve o objetivo de verificar a temperatura adequada para germinação, assim como o substrato mais eficiente para a emergência de plântulas de Physalis angulata L. As sementes após serem extraídas de frutos maduros, foram lavadas para a retirada de toda mucilagem e secas em temperatura ambiente (±25 ºC) por 24 horas. Após este período, estas foram colocadas em câmaras de germinação tipo B.O.D., com temperaturas controladas e submetidas a diferentes temperaturas: 20, 25, 30, 35 e 20-30 °C, para posterior avaliação da porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação e tempo médio de germinação. Um segundo experimento foi realizado testando diferentes substratos, onde foram utilizados: vermiculita textura fina, mistura de terra + areia + esterco de curral curtido (3:1:1), substrato comercial à base de casca de pinus e fibra de coco. As sementes após passarem pelo processo de limpeza e secagem descrito acima, foram semeadas em bandejas de polietileno e avaliadas quanto à porcentagem de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência e tempo médio de emergência. Foram coletadas amostras aleatórias das plântulas e estas levadas para laboratório, onde foram avaliados: comprimento médio de parte aérea e raiz (cm), massas fresca e seca de raiz e parte aérea (gramas) e número de folhas. Para ambos os experimentos o delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC), os resultados submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, não há influência dos substratos testados na germinação de sementes de Physalis angulata L., sendo o substrato comercial à base de casca de pinus o que proporcionou melhor desenvolvimento inicial das mudas. Já as melhores temperaturas para a germinação de sementes de physalis foram: alternada 20-30 ºC e constantes 30 e 35 ºC, com maiores índices de velocidade de germinação para a temperatura alternada 20-30 ºC.
Due to the scarce information about the best conditions for the production of physalis seedlings in Brazil, this research had the objective to verify the adequate temperature for germination, as well as the most efficient substrate for the emergence of Physalis angulata L. seedlings. After being extracted from ripe fruits, seeds were washed to removal all the mucilage and dried at temperature ± 25 °C for 24 hours. After this period, the seeds were placed to germinate in chambers type BOD, with controlled temperatures: 20, 25, 30, 35 and 20-30 °C, for further evaluation of germination percentage, germination speed index and average germination time. A second experiment was carried out aiming to test different substrates: vermiculite fine texture, soil + sand mixture + tanned corral manure (3:1:1), commercial substrate with pine bark and coconut fiber. The seeds, after the cleaning and drying process described above, were seeded in polyethylene trays and evaluated for the percentage of emergence, rate of emergence and mean time of emergence. Random samples were collected from the seedlings and taken to the laboratory, evaluating: average length of shoot and root (cm), fresh and dry masses of root and shoot (grams) and number of leaves. For both experiments the design was completely randomized (DIC), the results submitted to the analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability. According to the results obtained, there is no influence of the substrates tested on the germination of seeds of Physalis angulata L., being the commercial substrate with pinus bark which provided better initial development of the seedlings. The best temperatures for the germination of physalis seeds were: alternated 20-30 ºC and constants 30 and 35 ºC, with higher rates of germination for the alternating temperature of 20-30 ºC.
Due to the scarce information about the best conditions for the production of physalis seedlings in Brazil, this research had the objective to verify the adequate temperature for germination, as well as the most efficient substrate for the emergence of Physalis angulata L. seedlings. After being extracted from ripe fruits, seeds were washed to removal all the mucilage and dried at temperature ± 25 °C for 24 hours. After this period, the seeds were placed to germinate in chambers type BOD, with controlled temperatures: 20, 25, 30, 35 and 20-30 °C, for further evaluation of germination percentage, germination speed index and average germination time. A second experiment was carried out aiming to test different substrates: vermiculite fine texture, soil + sand mixture + tanned corral manure (3:1:1), commercial substrate with pine bark and coconut fiber. The seeds, after the cleaning and drying process described above, were seeded in polyethylene trays and evaluated for the percentage of emergence, rate of emergence and mean time of emergence. Random samples were collected from the seedlings and taken to the laboratory, evaluating: average length of shoot and root (cm), fresh and dry masses of root and shoot (grams) and number of leaves. For both experiments the design was completely randomized (DIC), the results submitted to the analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability. According to the results obtained, there is no influence of the substrates tested on the germination of seeds of Physalis angulata L., being the commercial substrate with pinus bark which provided better initial development of the seedlings. The best temperatures for the germination of physalis seeds were: alternated 20-30 ºC and constants 30 and 35 ºC, with higher rates of germination for the alternating temperature of 20-30 ºC.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Uchuva, Produção de mudas, Sementes, Substrato, Temperatura, Seedling production, Seeds, Substrate, Temperature