A precarização do trabalho das professoras da Rede Municipal de Educação de Marília/SP
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Data
2017-03-31
Autores
Mazzini, Maria do Carmo Capputti [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a precarização do trabalho docente na Rede de Educação do município de Marília/SP. Para a compreensão dessa realidade partimos, de um lado, da análise do processo de reestruturação produtiva operada na década de 1970 nos países de capitalismo central que culminou com a instalação de uma nova morfologia social do trabalho, caracterizada pelos aspectos da flexibilização, intensificação e alienação do processo produtivo. Por outro lado, analisamos as políticas públicas educacionais implantadas no Sistema Educacional Brasileiro, da Ditadura Militar ao neoliberalismo, nos anos de 1990, as quais, em conformidade com os interesses do capital, reestruturaram a gestão e a produção do trabalho docente no interior das escolas públicas do país em consonância com a nova morfologia social do trabalho capitalista. Essas transformações atingem a Rede em estudo a partir do processo de municipalização do Ensino Fundamental, impactando de modo negativo no mundo do trabalho docente local e conduzindo a categoria a um intenso processo de precarização. A investigação ocorreu a partir da análise de relatos das professoras pertencentes a quatro escolas da Rede em questão, representativas das regiões da cidade, bem como do estudo das legislações e documentos locais. A partir das análises empreendidas à luz da fundamentação teórica adotada, pretendemos contribuir para o desvendamento das condições objetivas que conduziram e conduzem o processo de precarização do trabalho da categoria e, ao mesmo tempo, apontar as implicações operadas no plano da subjetividade humana.
The present study aimed to investigate the precarization of teachers’ labor at Marilia’s, SP Municipal Education Network. To comprehend this reality, we start from one side, the analysis of the productive restructuration process operated in the 70’s in central capitalism countries which culminated with the installment of a new labor social morphology, marked by processes of flexibilization, intensification and alienation of productive process, inscribed in protocols derived from Taylorism, Fordism and then Toyotism of production organization. On the other hand, we analyzed the educational public policies implanted on the country as a device used by the capital aiming to promote reforms in societal sectors in conformity with market needs. Therefore, we investigated the implemented reforms in the Brazilian Educational System, since the Brazilian Military Government until the neoliberalism, in the 90’s, that restructured the management and production of teachers’ labor inside public schools to be in consonance with the new morphology of capitalist labor. These transformations hit the Network studied from a process of municipalization of Elementary Schools, negatively impacting the world of teachers’ labor and conducting the category to an intense process of precarization. The investigation is based on the analysis of the reports of teachers belonging to four schools of the Network in question, representative of the regions of the city as well as the study of laws and local documents. From these analyses In light of the theoretical basis adopted we intend to contribute to the unraveling of objective conditions that has led the process of precarization of labor of category and, at the same time, point out the implications operated on human subjectivity plan.
The present study aimed to investigate the precarization of teachers’ labor at Marilia’s, SP Municipal Education Network. To comprehend this reality, we start from one side, the analysis of the productive restructuration process operated in the 70’s in central capitalism countries which culminated with the installment of a new labor social morphology, marked by processes of flexibilization, intensification and alienation of productive process, inscribed in protocols derived from Taylorism, Fordism and then Toyotism of production organization. On the other hand, we analyzed the educational public policies implanted on the country as a device used by the capital aiming to promote reforms in societal sectors in conformity with market needs. Therefore, we investigated the implemented reforms in the Brazilian Educational System, since the Brazilian Military Government until the neoliberalism, in the 90’s, that restructured the management and production of teachers’ labor inside public schools to be in consonance with the new morphology of capitalist labor. These transformations hit the Network studied from a process of municipalization of Elementary Schools, negatively impacting the world of teachers’ labor and conducting the category to an intense process of precarization. The investigation is based on the analysis of the reports of teachers belonging to four schools of the Network in question, representative of the regions of the city as well as the study of laws and local documents. From these analyses In light of the theoretical basis adopted we intend to contribute to the unraveling of objective conditions that has led the process of precarization of labor of category and, at the same time, point out the implications operated on human subjectivity plan.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Trabalho docente, Precarização do trabalho, Políticas educacionais, Reestruturação produtiva, Trabalho e educação, Teacher’s labor, Precarization of labor, Educational policies, Productive restructuration, Labor and education