Vinho tinto de BRS Violeta jovem e envelhecido com carvalho granulado de duas origens: evolução dos compostos fenólicos, cor e atividade antioxidante
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Data
2017-03-30
Autores
Nogueira, Tuany Yuri Kuboyama [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A uva BRS Violeta (BRS Rúbea x IAC 1398-21) tem se destacado devido ao elevado conteúdo de compostos fenólicos (CF) e ao potencial para elaboração de sucos e vinhos. A composição fenólica desta uva instigou o estudo sobre os efeitos do tratamento de seu vinho jovem com carvalho granulado (3 g/L) de duas origens (francesa e americana), a 15C por 30 dias. Assim como o estudo do efeito do armazenamento (180 dias), a 16C, 25C e 50C, sobre os CF totais, antocianinas totais (AT) e poliméricas (AP), atividade antioxidante (AA) e parâmetros de cor destes vinhos tratados. Ao final do período de armazenamento, observou-se que os vinhos controle e os tratados com carvalho apresentaram comportamento muito similar com relação à evolução de CF, mostrando-se muito estáveis frente todas as temperaturas testadas, enquanto perdas significativas de AA foram observadas nos vinhos armazenados a 50C acompanhado de elevação dos percentuais de AP. O modelo cinético de degradação de AT foi assumido como de primeira ordem e os tempos de meia vida (t ½) diminuíram à medida que a temperatura de armazenamento foi aumentada para todos os vinhos, sendo encontrado valor superior para o vinho tratado com carvalho francês. Por meio da equação de Arrhenius foi observado a necessidade de uma energia de ativação superior para os vinhos tratados, quando comparado ao vinho controle, para que as reações de degradação das AT ocorram. A AA e a evolução da cor dos vinhos tratados apresentaram discreta diferença quando comparadas entre si, sendo que o tratado com carvalho francês apresentou valores superiores de AA e uma menor tendência de alterar sua tonalidade de cor violeta púrpura (característica de vinhos jovens) para vermelho-alaranjada (característica de vinhos envelhecidos).
BRS Violeta Grape (BRS Rúbea x IAC 1398-21) has been featured due to its elevated composition on phenolic compounds, and its potential to the elaboration of grape juice and wines. Its phenolic composition has instigated this study about the effects of French and American grained oak (3.00 g/L) into young wine at 15C for 30 days, as well as the study on the effects of storage (180 days) at 16C, 25C, and 50C over the total phenolic compounds, total and polymeric anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, and colour parameters of the treated wines. After the storage period, it was observed a similar behavior on the evolution of phenolic compounds between the control and treated wines. They were stable in all the temperatures evaluated, whereas the antioxidant activity was significantly reduced at 50C, accomplished by the increase of polymeric anthocyanin percentual. The kinetics model of total anthocyanin degradation was adopted as a first order reaction, and the half-life time (t ½) decreased according to the increasing of temperature for all wines. It was observed a higher half-life time for French oak treated wine. By means of the Arrhenius equation the need for a higher activation energy was observed so that the degradation reactions of TA occur in the treated wines when compared to the control wine. The AA and the colour evolution were slightly different among treated wines. French oak treated wine presented higher values of antioxidant activity, and less susceptibility to change its shade from purple violet (typical for young wines) to orange / brick red (typical for aged wines).
BRS Violeta Grape (BRS Rúbea x IAC 1398-21) has been featured due to its elevated composition on phenolic compounds, and its potential to the elaboration of grape juice and wines. Its phenolic composition has instigated this study about the effects of French and American grained oak (3.00 g/L) into young wine at 15C for 30 days, as well as the study on the effects of storage (180 days) at 16C, 25C, and 50C over the total phenolic compounds, total and polymeric anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, and colour parameters of the treated wines. After the storage period, it was observed a similar behavior on the evolution of phenolic compounds between the control and treated wines. They were stable in all the temperatures evaluated, whereas the antioxidant activity was significantly reduced at 50C, accomplished by the increase of polymeric anthocyanin percentual. The kinetics model of total anthocyanin degradation was adopted as a first order reaction, and the half-life time (t ½) decreased according to the increasing of temperature for all wines. It was observed a higher half-life time for French oak treated wine. By means of the Arrhenius equation the need for a higher activation energy was observed so that the degradation reactions of TA occur in the treated wines when compared to the control wine. The AA and the colour evolution were slightly different among treated wines. French oak treated wine presented higher values of antioxidant activity, and less susceptibility to change its shade from purple violet (typical for young wines) to orange / brick red (typical for aged wines).
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Palavras-chave
Uva BRS Violeta, Vinho, Carvalho, Compostos fenólicos, Atividade antioxidante