Sistema de alimentação sequencial de alimentação com variação no nível de aminoácidos na dieta para suínos em crescimento e terminação
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Data
2017-03-27
Autores
Silva, Welex Cândido da [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esse estudo foi realizado para avaliar o efeito da alimentação sequencial (Seq) com variação no nível de aminoácidos a cada 12 h comparados ao sistema convencional (uma única dieta) no desempenho, composição corporal e carcaças de suínos em crescimento e terminação. Foram utilizados 60 suínos machos castrados com 30 ± 2,8 kg de peso vivo (PV) inicial. Os animais foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 4 tratamentos, sendo dois planos de Seq: 110-70: dieta com 110% das recomendações de aminoácidos (AAs) fornecida das 0000 até 1159 h e outra com 70% AAs ofertada das 1200 ás 2359 h; e 70-110: dieta com 70% AAs fornecida das 0000 até 1159 h e outra com 110% AAs ofertada das 1200 ás 2359 h, e dois planos convencionais: 100: dieta com 100% AAs e 70: dieta com 70% AAs. Nos dois tratamentos convencionais a mesma dieta foi fornecida aos animais ao longo do dia. O animal foi considerado a unidade experimental. Os suínos foram alojados em um único grupo, com água e ração ad libitum. Para atender o nível de AAs em cada tratamento foi realizado diariamente e dentro de cada período misturas proporcionais de duas dietas, A (alta densidade nutricional) e B (baixa densidade nutricional), utilizando alimentadores automáticos AIPF (Automatic and Intelligent Precision Feeder). Nos dias 0, 35 e 63 foram realizadas mensurações de desempenho e composição corporal e ao final do experimento os animais foram abatidos em frigorífico. Não houve interação (P > 0,05) entre tratamento e fase experimental para as variáveis de desempenho. Os animais dos tratamentos 100, 110-70 e 70-110 apresentaram eficiência alimentar 5% superior (P < 0,05) comparados ao grupo 70. Não houve interação (P > 0,05) para tratamento e fase experimental para as variáveis de composição corporal. O conteúdo e o ganho diário de massa magra dos animais dos planos de Seq foram semelhantes (P > 0,05) ao grupo 100. Contudo, no ganho diário de massa gorda os animais do tratamento 110-70 depositaram 8,3% mais massa gorda (P < 0,05) comparado ao grupo 70-110. Para o consumo diário de lisina nas fases 2 (60 a 90 kg PV) e 3 (90 a 112 kg PV) e no período experimental total (30 a 112 kg PV) os animais dos planos de Seq consumiram em média 10% menos lisina (P < 0,0001) comparado ao grupo 100. Não foram detectadas diferenças significativas (P > 0,05) para as variáveis de carcaça. O plano Seq (ciclo 12 h) com baixa e alta concentração de AAs é um método efetivo em reduzir o consumo de AAs em 10% sem alterar o desempenho e composição corporal de suínos. Dessa forma esse método fornece oportunidades interessantes a serem exploradas em um contexto de aplicação prática na produção de suínos.
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of sequential feeding (Seq) with variation in amino acid level every 12 h compared to the conventional feed supply (a single diet) on performance, body composition and pigs growing-finishing carcasses. Sixty barrows in a completely randomized design with four treatments were distributed and two Seq: 110-70: a diet with 110% of the recommendations of amino acids (AAs) supplied from 0000 to 1159 h and another diet with 70% of AAs offered from 1200 to 2359 h; and 70-110: a diet with 70% AAs supplied from 0000 to 1159 h and another with 110% AAs offered from 1200 to 2359 h, and two conventional plans: 100: diet with 100% AAs and 70: diet with 70% AAs . In both conventional treatments, the same diet throughout the day was provided. The animal was considered the experimental unit. The pigs were housed in a single group, with water and feed ad libitum. To meet the level of AAs in each treatment, proportional mixtures of two diets, A (high nutritional density) and B (low nutrient density), using automatic and Intelligent Precision Feeder (AIPF) feeders were performed daily and within each period. On days 0, 35 and 63 measurements of performance and body composition were carried out and at the end of the experiment the animals were slaughtered and measurements of fat thickness and loin depth were taken. There was no interaction (P > 0.05) between treatment and experimental phase for the performance variables. The animals of treatments 100, 110-70 and 70-110 presented 5% higher feed efficiency (P < 0.05) compared to group 70. There was also no interaction (P > 0.05) for treatment and experimental phase for the variables of body composition. The content and daily gain of lean animals from the Seq planes were similar (P > 0.05) to group 100. However, in the daily gain of fat mass the animals from the treatment 110-70 deposited 8.3% more mass (P < 0.05) compared to group 70-110. For the daily consumption of lysine in phases 2 (60 to 90 kg BW) and 3 (90 to 112 kg BW) and in the total experimental period (30 to 112 kg BW) the animals of the Seq plans consumed on average 10% less lysine (P < 0.0001) compared to group 100. No significant differences were detected (P > 0.05) for carcass variables. The Seq plan (cycle 12h) with low and high concentration of AAs is an effective method to reduce the consumption of AAs by 10% without altering the performance and body composition of pigs. Thus, this method provides interesting opportunities to be explored in a context of practical application in pig production.
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of sequential feeding (Seq) with variation in amino acid level every 12 h compared to the conventional feed supply (a single diet) on performance, body composition and pigs growing-finishing carcasses. Sixty barrows in a completely randomized design with four treatments were distributed and two Seq: 110-70: a diet with 110% of the recommendations of amino acids (AAs) supplied from 0000 to 1159 h and another diet with 70% of AAs offered from 1200 to 2359 h; and 70-110: a diet with 70% AAs supplied from 0000 to 1159 h and another with 110% AAs offered from 1200 to 2359 h, and two conventional plans: 100: diet with 100% AAs and 70: diet with 70% AAs . In both conventional treatments, the same diet throughout the day was provided. The animal was considered the experimental unit. The pigs were housed in a single group, with water and feed ad libitum. To meet the level of AAs in each treatment, proportional mixtures of two diets, A (high nutritional density) and B (low nutrient density), using automatic and Intelligent Precision Feeder (AIPF) feeders were performed daily and within each period. On days 0, 35 and 63 measurements of performance and body composition were carried out and at the end of the experiment the animals were slaughtered and measurements of fat thickness and loin depth were taken. There was no interaction (P > 0.05) between treatment and experimental phase for the performance variables. The animals of treatments 100, 110-70 and 70-110 presented 5% higher feed efficiency (P < 0.05) compared to group 70. There was also no interaction (P > 0.05) for treatment and experimental phase for the variables of body composition. The content and daily gain of lean animals from the Seq planes were similar (P > 0.05) to group 100. However, in the daily gain of fat mass the animals from the treatment 110-70 deposited 8.3% more mass (P < 0.05) compared to group 70-110. For the daily consumption of lysine in phases 2 (60 to 90 kg BW) and 3 (90 to 112 kg BW) and in the total experimental period (30 to 112 kg BW) the animals of the Seq plans consumed on average 10% less lysine (P < 0.0001) compared to group 100. No significant differences were detected (P > 0.05) for carcass variables. The Seq plan (cycle 12h) with low and high concentration of AAs is an effective method to reduce the consumption of AAs by 10% without altering the performance and body composition of pigs. Thus, this method provides interesting opportunities to be explored in a context of practical application in pig production.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
AIPF, Lisina, Programas de alimentação, Ritmo circadiano, Lysine, Feeding programs, Circadian rhythm