'Deixe-me sentir': (des)encontros entre sexualidade e o campo da saúde mental em periódicos brasileiros (2001-2014)
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Data
2017-03-24
Autores
Bessa, Juliana Cristina [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os estudos sobre a sexualidade no cenário da loucura ainda permanecem incipientes, demonstrando uma lacuna existente nesse campo de discussão. A problemática da Saúde Mental, em todos os seus atravessamentos, configura-se como campo amplo e complexo, no qual podemos pensar a Saúde Mental enquanto um dispositivo de regulação dos corpos. As manifestações ditas psicopatológicas, das pessoas em sofrimento psíquico, são controladas por meio de discursos, assim como as diversas expressões da sexualidade que também sofrem algum tipo de controle ou negação. Em diversas situações, essas pessoas são interditadas em relação aos seus desejos, por serem consideradas doentes, em tratamento, não sendo "autorizadas" a desejar, a querer e a sentir. Nessa perspectiva, destaca-se a notoriedade de como alguns corpos são invalidados por práticas disciplinadoras que ditam as regras do que é certo ou errado, que não possibilitam que esses corpos se afetem. Desse modo, esse dispositivo investe em meios de controle voltados para produção de corpos e modos de vida. Assim, por meio dos estudos de gênero e sexualidade e da técnica de análise de conteúdo, objetivamos problematizar os discursos que vêm sendo produzidos em relação as questões da sexualidade no campo da Saúde Mental. Observamos artigos científicos indexados nas bases de dados SciELO e LILACS, entre os anos de 2001 a 2014. Por meio das leituras e exploração do material, selecionamos 21 artigos, de um total de 2.336 (928 SciElO e 1.408 LILACS). Após leitura, os artigos passaram por um processo de inclusão e exclusão de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos. Uma vez selecionados, os artigos foram classificados em três categorias: 1. Sexualidade e Vulnerabilidade: “comportamento de risco”, prevenção ao HIV/Aids em saúde mental; 2. Percepções/Representações Sociais que norteiam a atuação de profissionais frente às questões da sexualidade; 3. Comportamentos/Violências Sexuais e suas associações com “transtornos mentais”. Estas categorias permitiram sistematizar o conteúdo referente as temáticas, bem como auxiliaram na verificação e reflexão do que vêm sendo (re)produzido nesse campo. De um modo geral, observamos como o discurso classifica, patologiza e diagnostica as expressões de gênero e sexualidade de pessoas em sofrimento psíquico, em uma perspectiva de cuidado atrelada às noções de práticas sexuais e políticas de prevenção. Verificamos uma ausência de problematizações e de produções científicas dessas questões no campo da Saúde Mental. Assim, pretendemos que nossas discussões possibilitem maior visibilidade e importância a essas questões, para a constituição de práticas de resistências por meio de articulação entre sexualidade e Saúde Mental, pautada na perspectiva da Atenção Psicossocial.
Studies on sexuality in the madness scenario still remain incipient, demonstrating a gap in this field of discussion. The problem of Mental Health, in all its crossings, is configured as a broad and complex field, in which we can think of Mental Health as a device of bodies regulation. The so-called psychopathological manifestations of people in psychic suffering are controlled through discourses, as well as the various expressions of sexuality that also undergo some kind of control or negation. In a number of situations, these people are interdicted in relation to their desires, because they are considered sick, in treatment, not being "authorized" to desire, to want and to feel. From this perspective, stands out the notoriety of how some bodies are invalidated by disciplinary practices that dictate the rules of what is right or wrong, that do not allow those bodies to be affected. In this way, this device invests in means of control directed to the production of bodies and ways of life. Thus, through the studies of gender and sexuality and the technique of content analysis, we aim to problematize the discourses that have been produced in relation to sexuality issues in the field of Mental Health, through scientific articles indexed in the databases of SciELO and LILACS, between the years 2001 and 2014. Through the readings and exploration of the material, we selected 21 articles, from a total of 2.336 (928 SciElo and 1.408 LILACS). After reading, the articles went through a process of inclusion and exclusion according to established criteria. Once selected, the articles were classified into three categories: 1.Sexuality and Vulnerability: "risk behavior", HIV / AIDS prevention in mental health; 2. Perceptions / Social Representations that guide the performance of professionals on the issues of sexuality; 3. Sexual Violence/Behaviors and its associations with "mental disorders".; These categories allows to systematize the contents referring to the themes, as well as verify and reflect what have been (re) produced in this field. In general, we observe how the discourse classifies, pathologizes and diagnoses the expressions of gender and sexuality of people in psychic suffering, from a biomedical hygienist care tied to the notions of sexual practices and prevention policies. We verified an absence of problematizations and scientific productions of these issues in the field of Mental Health. Thus, we intend that our discussions allow greater visibility and importance to these issues for the constitution of resistance practices through articulation between sexuality and Mental Health, based on the perspective of Psychosocial Attention.
Studies on sexuality in the madness scenario still remain incipient, demonstrating a gap in this field of discussion. The problem of Mental Health, in all its crossings, is configured as a broad and complex field, in which we can think of Mental Health as a device of bodies regulation. The so-called psychopathological manifestations of people in psychic suffering are controlled through discourses, as well as the various expressions of sexuality that also undergo some kind of control or negation. In a number of situations, these people are interdicted in relation to their desires, because they are considered sick, in treatment, not being "authorized" to desire, to want and to feel. From this perspective, stands out the notoriety of how some bodies are invalidated by disciplinary practices that dictate the rules of what is right or wrong, that do not allow those bodies to be affected. In this way, this device invests in means of control directed to the production of bodies and ways of life. Thus, through the studies of gender and sexuality and the technique of content analysis, we aim to problematize the discourses that have been produced in relation to sexuality issues in the field of Mental Health, through scientific articles indexed in the databases of SciELO and LILACS, between the years 2001 and 2014. Through the readings and exploration of the material, we selected 21 articles, from a total of 2.336 (928 SciElo and 1.408 LILACS). After reading, the articles went through a process of inclusion and exclusion according to established criteria. Once selected, the articles were classified into three categories: 1.Sexuality and Vulnerability: "risk behavior", HIV / AIDS prevention in mental health; 2. Perceptions / Social Representations that guide the performance of professionals on the issues of sexuality; 3. Sexual Violence/Behaviors and its associations with "mental disorders".; These categories allows to systematize the contents referring to the themes, as well as verify and reflect what have been (re) produced in this field. In general, we observe how the discourse classifies, pathologizes and diagnoses the expressions of gender and sexuality of people in psychic suffering, from a biomedical hygienist care tied to the notions of sexual practices and prevention policies. We verified an absence of problematizations and scientific productions of these issues in the field of Mental Health. Thus, we intend that our discussions allow greater visibility and importance to these issues for the constitution of resistance practices through articulation between sexuality and Mental Health, based on the perspective of Psychosocial Attention.
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Palavras-chave
Sexualidade, Saúde mental, Análise de conteúdo, Atenção psicossocial, Sexuality, Mental health, Content analysis, Psychosocial attention