O conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo (PCK) do professor de química e seu desenvolvimento a partir da reflexão sobre os modelos de ligação química e sua modelagem
Data
2017-03-28
Autores
Zuluaga Trujillo, Carlos Humberto [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Na presente pesquisa se identifica o Conhecimento Pedagógico do Conteúdo (PCK) como aquele conhecimento resultante da transformação de conhecimentos base do ensino que pode associar-se ao desenvolvimento profissional do professor. No propósito de caracterizar este conhecimento e promover seu desenvolvimento, o presente trabalho indaga sobre a identificação e desenvolvimento do PCK do professor de Química em relação ao tema Ligação química. Assumiu-se como princípio fundamental do desenvolvimento do PCK, o processo reflexivo em coletivos docentes, em relação à modelagem como estratégia didática no Ensino de Ciências, acompanhado do trabalho colaborativo na construção de uma unidade didática sob este mesmo enfoque. Metodologicamente esta pesquisa foi abordada segundo a perspectiva do estudo de caso, no qual foram selecionados dois estudos de caso, correspondentes a duas professoras participantes do processo formativo que representam casos de interesse particular, ao considerar aspectos como as diferenças em suas formações profissionais e suas experiências como professoras de Química. Na identificação do PCK das professoras foram utilizados dois instrumentos de reconhecida importância, a CoRe e os PaP-erS, cuja construção possibilitou a reflexão das professoras sobre seus conhecimentos. O processo formativo foi caracterizado pela discussão e a reflexão sobre diferentes temáticas relacionadas ao uso dos modelos e da modelagem no Ensino de Ciências, encaminhadas a mobilizar cada um dos componentes do PCK (MAGNUSSOM et al.,1999). No final do processo, utilizou-se novamente como instrumento de análise o desenvolvimento de uma CoRe e a análise da unidade didática construída pelo grupo colaborativo de professores. Estes dois instrumentos, ao serem contrastados com a informação obtida no começo do processo e as narrativas emergidas no desenvolvimento do mesmo, permitiram reconhecer o desenvolvimento do PCK. Assumiu-se como método de análise de dados a Análise Textual Discursiva (MORAES, 2003), método de particular interesse, considerando a natureza holística do PCK do professor, no qual se envolvem diferentes dimensões de seu conhecimento profissional. Através deste processo de análise foram reveladas características importantes em relação a cada um dos componentes do PCK e seu desenvolvimento. Do presente estudo derivam-se conclusões relacionadas com o valor dos processos de reflexão docente e a construção coletiva de conhecimento no desenvolvimento do PCK do professor; o valor da formação em processos de modelagem, no desenvolvimento de conhecimentos associados aos diferentes componentes do PCK; as relações encontradas no desenvolvimento de alguns componentes, com outros conhecimentos bases do ensino; as dificuldades conceituais dos professores no ensino da Ligação química e sua relação com os componentes do PCK e o caráter particular do PCK e seu desenvolvimento, sujeito a diferentes aspectos relacionados com o desenvolvimento professional do professor.
In this research, the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) is identified as the knowledge produced by the transformation of the teaching basic knowledge which can be related to the teacher’s professional development. Aiming to characterize this knowledge and to promote its development, this investigation inquiries into the identification and development of the Chemistry teacher’s PCK in relation with the topic “chemical bonding”. It was assumed as a fundamental principle of the development of the PCK, the reflective process in teaching groups, in relation to modeling as didactic strategy in Science Teaching followed by the collaborative work in the design of a didactic unit under the same approach. Methodologically, this investigation was approached from the perspective of case study in which two case studies were selected corresponding to two teachers who participated in the formative processes that represent cases of particular interest, when considering aspects such as differences in their professional development and their experience as Chemistry teachers. In the identification of the PCK of the teachers, two instruments of recognized importance were used, CoRe and the PaP-erS, whose elaboration made possible the reflection of the teachers on their knowledges. This formative process was characterized by the debate and reflection over different topics related with the use of models and the modeling in Science Teaching with the purpose of mobilizing each of the PCK components. (MAGNUSSOM et al., 1999). At the end of the process the CoRe was used again as analytical instrument of the development and the didactical unit analysis built by the collaborative group of teachers. These two tools, by being compared with the information obtained at the beginning of the process and the narratives that emerged during the development of the investigation, allowed the acknowledgment of the development of the PCK. As a method of data analysis the “discursive textual analysis” was used (MORAES, 2003) which is a method that has a particular interest considering the holistic nature of the teacher’s PCK, in which different dimensions of their professional knowledge are involved. Through the analysis, researchers could recognize important characteristics regarding each one of the PCK components and their development. From this study, investigators could reach conclusions related to the value of the reflexive process of the teachers and the collective construction of the knowledge in the development of the PCK, with the basic knowledge’s for teaching, the teachers’ The conceptual difficulties of teachers in the teaching of Chemical Bonding and its relation to the components of the PCK and the particular character of the PCK and its development, subject to different aspects related to the professional development of the teachers.
In this research, the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) is identified as the knowledge produced by the transformation of the teaching basic knowledge which can be related to the teacher’s professional development. Aiming to characterize this knowledge and to promote its development, this investigation inquiries into the identification and development of the Chemistry teacher’s PCK in relation with the topic “chemical bonding”. It was assumed as a fundamental principle of the development of the PCK, the reflective process in teaching groups, in relation to modeling as didactic strategy in Science Teaching followed by the collaborative work in the design of a didactic unit under the same approach. Methodologically, this investigation was approached from the perspective of case study in which two case studies were selected corresponding to two teachers who participated in the formative processes that represent cases of particular interest, when considering aspects such as differences in their professional development and their experience as Chemistry teachers. In the identification of the PCK of the teachers, two instruments of recognized importance were used, CoRe and the PaP-erS, whose elaboration made possible the reflection of the teachers on their knowledges. This formative process was characterized by the debate and reflection over different topics related with the use of models and the modeling in Science Teaching with the purpose of mobilizing each of the PCK components. (MAGNUSSOM et al., 1999). At the end of the process the CoRe was used again as analytical instrument of the development and the didactical unit analysis built by the collaborative group of teachers. These two tools, by being compared with the information obtained at the beginning of the process and the narratives that emerged during the development of the investigation, allowed the acknowledgment of the development of the PCK. As a method of data analysis the “discursive textual analysis” was used (MORAES, 2003) which is a method that has a particular interest considering the holistic nature of the teacher’s PCK, in which different dimensions of their professional knowledge are involved. Through the analysis, researchers could recognize important characteristics regarding each one of the PCK components and their development. From this study, investigators could reach conclusions related to the value of the reflexive process of the teachers and the collective construction of the knowledge in the development of the PCK, with the basic knowledge’s for teaching, the teachers’ The conceptual difficulties of teachers in the teaching of Chemical Bonding and its relation to the components of the PCK and the particular character of the PCK and its development, subject to different aspects related to the professional development of the teachers.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Formação de professores, Conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo (PCK), Modelagem, Processo reflexivo, Análise textual discursiva, Ligação química, Formación de profesores, Conocimiento pedagogico del contenido, Modelación