Avaliação do efeito antimicrobiano e anti-inflamatório de derivados furoxânicos e benzofuroxânicos como alternativa para o tratamento da acne vulgar
Data
2017-05-23
Autores
Delgado, Ivone Leila Lima [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A acne é uma doença autolimitada de componente multifatorial, caracterizada pela presença de inflamação e colonização bacteriana pelo microrganismo Propionibacterium acnes. Atualmente, o tratamento tópico e/ou oral, inclui fármacos com propriedades anti-inflamatórias, antimicrobianas e queratolíticas. Apesar dos efeitos benéficos no tratamento da acne, a terapia atual apresenta limitações que justificam a busca de novos fármacos. Furoxanos e benzofuroxanos são compostos heterocíclicos contendo a função N-óxido e que apresentam uma grande diversidade de propriedades farmacológicas, incluindo antimicrobiana. Neste trabalho investigouse o efeito antimicrobiano de compostos furoxanos e benzofuroxanos pertencentes à biblioteca de moléculas do laboratório de Química Farmacêutica e Medicinal da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas. Para fins de caracterização do espectro de ação, além do P. acnes foi realizado screening do perfil de atividade antimicrobiana frente às cepas fúngicas, bactérias Gram positivas e Gram negativas usando as técnicas de microdiluição. Os furoxanos e benzofuroxanos foram testados em concentrações que variaram de 0.03 a 100 μg/mL. Foram usados controles como a cefazolina (0.39 μg/mL) para P. acnes, o imipenen (<0.39 μg/mL) para as bactérias Gram positivas, aztreonan (<0.39 μg/mL) para as Gram-negativas, anfotericinaB (0.25 μg/mL) e o fluconazol (65 μg/mL) para as espécies de Candida e Cryptococcus, respectivamente. Após incubação, foram realizadas leituras visuais sem e com revelador resazurina (0.01%) para determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM). Dos 20 compostos avaliados, 14 foram capazes de inibir o crescimento de, pelo menos, um microrganismo. O composto (E)-4-(3-((2-(3- hidroxibenzoil) hidrazona) metil) fenoxi)-3-(fenilsulfonil)-1, 2,5-oxadiazol-2-óxido (composto 15) se mostrou o mais ativo contra P. acnes apresentando CIM de 0.19 μg/mL. Estudos in vitro demonstraram para este composto capacidade de liberação de óxido nítrico, sendo este aumento de estresse oxidativo um dos possíveis mecanismos de ação. Esta molécula também foi capaz de inibir a produção do NO em macrófagos na concentração de 0.78 ug/mL. A avaliação in vitro da citotoxicidade em macrófagos e atividade anti-inflamatória por determinação quantitativa de IL1-β e a TNF-α foram realizadas. Determinou-se para o composto mais ativo contra P. acnes que a viabilidade em macrófagos é de 100% em concentrações inferiores a 0.09 μg/mL; entretanto, não foi possível observar capacidade de inibição destas citocinas nas concentrações usadas. Ensaio in vivo para o composto 15 não permitiram identificar redução da inflamação em modelo animal induzido por P. acnes. Em resumo, esses resultados permitem concluir que o composto (E)-4-(3-((2-(3-hidroxibenzoil) hidrazona) metil) fenoxi)-3-(fenilsulfonil)-1, 2,5-oxadiazol-2-óxido apresenta potente atividade antimicrobiana contra Propionibacterium acnes e pode se tornar uma alternativa terapêutica ao tratamento dessa doença.
Acne is a self-limiting disease of multifactorial component characterized by the presence of inflammation and bacterial colonization by Propionibacterium acnes. Currently, topical and oral treatments include drugs presenting anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, exfoliating and keratolytics properties. The current treatment has shown adverse effects that justify the search for new anti-acne drugs.Furoxan and benzofuroxan are heterocyclic compounds containing the N-oxide function that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of furoxans and benzofuroxans derivatives from a library of compounds belonging to the Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory on the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - UNESP. In order to characterize the spectrum of action not only P. acnes, but also fungal, Gram positive and Gram negative strains of bacteria were used. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determinate by microdilution technique. Benzofuroxan and furoxans were tested at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 100 μg/mL. It was used as controls:cefazolin (0.39 μg/mL) for P. acnes; imipenem (<0.39 μg/mL) for Gram positive bacteria; aztreonan (<0.39 μg/mL) to Gram-negative; amphotericin B (0.25 μg/ml) and fluconazole (>65 μg/mL) for species of Candida and Cryptococcus, respectively. After incubation, visual readings were performed with and without revealing reassuring (0.01%) to determine the MIC value. Over 20 compounds evaluated, 14 were able to inhibit the growth of at least one microorganism.The compound (E) -4- (3 - ((2- (3-hydroxybenzoyl) hydrazone) methyl) phenoxy) -3- (phenylsulfonyl) -1,2,5-oxadiazole-2-oxidewas the most active molecule against Propionobacterium acnes, presenting MIC value of 0.19 μg/mL. In vitro studies showed that this compound was able to release nitric oxide, which should be one of the modes of action for this compound. There was also inhibition of NO production in macrophage at the concentration of 0.78 ug/mL.The cellular viability against macrophage cells and the anti-inflammatory effect characterized by the inhibition of IL1-β e a TNF-α were performed. It was characterized in murine macrophages that the limit of 100% of viability is found at concentrations inferior to 0.09 μg/mL; however, it was not observed inhibition ability of these cytokines in the concentration used. The in vivo assay did not show anti-inflammatory activity of the tested compound. As conclusion, we identified the compound (E) -4- (3 - ((2- (3- hydroxybenzoyl) hydrazone) methyl) phenoxy) -3- (phenylsulfonyl) -1,2,5-oxadiazole- 2-oxideas a new drug antimicrobial active against Propionobacterium acnes. This compound could be used as a new alternative to treat acne.
Acne is a self-limiting disease of multifactorial component characterized by the presence of inflammation and bacterial colonization by Propionibacterium acnes. Currently, topical and oral treatments include drugs presenting anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, exfoliating and keratolytics properties. The current treatment has shown adverse effects that justify the search for new anti-acne drugs.Furoxan and benzofuroxan are heterocyclic compounds containing the N-oxide function that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of furoxans and benzofuroxans derivatives from a library of compounds belonging to the Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory on the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - UNESP. In order to characterize the spectrum of action not only P. acnes, but also fungal, Gram positive and Gram negative strains of bacteria were used. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determinate by microdilution technique. Benzofuroxan and furoxans were tested at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 100 μg/mL. It was used as controls:cefazolin (0.39 μg/mL) for P. acnes; imipenem (<0.39 μg/mL) for Gram positive bacteria; aztreonan (<0.39 μg/mL) to Gram-negative; amphotericin B (0.25 μg/ml) and fluconazole (>65 μg/mL) for species of Candida and Cryptococcus, respectively. After incubation, visual readings were performed with and without revealing reassuring (0.01%) to determine the MIC value. Over 20 compounds evaluated, 14 were able to inhibit the growth of at least one microorganism.The compound (E) -4- (3 - ((2- (3-hydroxybenzoyl) hydrazone) methyl) phenoxy) -3- (phenylsulfonyl) -1,2,5-oxadiazole-2-oxidewas the most active molecule against Propionobacterium acnes, presenting MIC value of 0.19 μg/mL. In vitro studies showed that this compound was able to release nitric oxide, which should be one of the modes of action for this compound. There was also inhibition of NO production in macrophage at the concentration of 0.78 ug/mL.The cellular viability against macrophage cells and the anti-inflammatory effect characterized by the inhibition of IL1-β e a TNF-α were performed. It was characterized in murine macrophages that the limit of 100% of viability is found at concentrations inferior to 0.09 μg/mL; however, it was not observed inhibition ability of these cytokines in the concentration used. The in vivo assay did not show anti-inflammatory activity of the tested compound. As conclusion, we identified the compound (E) -4- (3 - ((2- (3- hydroxybenzoyl) hydrazone) methyl) phenoxy) -3- (phenylsulfonyl) -1,2,5-oxadiazole- 2-oxideas a new drug antimicrobial active against Propionobacterium acnes. This compound could be used as a new alternative to treat acne.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Propionibacterium acnes, Atividade antimicrobiana, Concentração inibitória mínima, Furoxanos, Benzofuroxanos, Acne vulgar