Como as etapas do processamento dos frutos de juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart.) afetam a bioacessibilidade dos micronutrientes?
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Data
2017-06-23
Autores
Pupin, Letícia [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O palmiteiro juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart.) é endêmico do bioma conhecido por Mata Atlântica, sendo seus frutos semelhantes ao do açaizeiro (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), porém mais ricos em antocianinas e em alguns elementos químicos, o que os tornam um importante produto para a alimentação das comunidades tradicionais. Todavia, durante o processamento, os frutos passam por diferentes etapas para a extração de sua polpa, o que podem afetar a bioacessibilidade dos micronutrientes. Objetivos: O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi verificar a bioacessibilidade de micronutrientes no mesocarpo dos frutos e polpa de juçara e, por objetivos específicos: i. verificar o efeito das diferentes etapas do processamento na bioacessibilidade dos micronutrientes presentes no mesocarpo dos frutos e polpa de juçara ii. determinar a bioacessibilidade in vitro dos micronutrientes pelo método da digestão gastrointestinal (IVG) seguida de análise por espectrômetro de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-OES). Métodos: Em cada etapa do processamento foi colhido o mesocarpo dos frutos e/ou polpa para a determinação da bioacessibilidade dos micronutrientes utilizando o método da digestão gastrointestial in vitro (IVG). Os elementos cálcio (Ca), magnésio (Mg), ferro (Fe), manganês (Mn), cobre (Cu) e zinco (Zn) foram determinados por ICP-OES. O experimento foi conduzido segundo um delineamento em blocos casualizado (DBC), onde os blocos foram constituídos pelas origens (Ubatuba I, Ubatuba II, Jaboticabal I, Jaboticabal II e Américo Brasiliense) com quatro tratamentos (i. frutos frescos, ii. frutos depois de lavados, iii. frutos depois da embebição, iv. polpa recém processada congelada). Resultados: Não foi possível determinar a bioacessibilidade do Ca e Zn. A bioacessibilidade dos minerais Mg, Mn, Cu e Fe diminuiu nas diferentes etapas de processamento. Conclusão: O processamento dos frutos de juçara afeta o teor de minerais e a bioacessibilidade dos mesmos, tendo sido observado um aumento expressivo no teor de macro e microelementos após o despolpamento. Foi possível determinar a bioacessibilidade de alguns minerais com exceção do Ca e Zn. O consumo de 200 mL de polpa de juçara se mostrou apropriado para o fornecimento de parte da ingestão recomendada de nutrientes (RDA) dos microelementos estudados, contudo o teor de Zn mesmo estando acima deste parâmetro para crianças de 1 a 3 anos, não ultrapassou o nível de ingestão máxima tolerada (UL), deste modo não causará danos à saúde das mesmas.
Juçara palm tree (Euterpe edulis Mart.) is endemic from a biome know as Atlantic Forest, and its fruit are similar to açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), but richer in anthocyanin and chemical elements, which make them a important food produce for the local population. However, during its processing, the fruit are subjected to different unit operation to extract their pulp and it can affect the chemical elements biaccessibility. Objectives: The general object of this study was to verify the chemical elements bioaccessibility in fruit and juçara pulp and, the specific objectives were: i. verify if the different unit operations affect the chemical elements bioaccessibility, and ii. determine the in vitro chemical elements bioacessibiity using the in vitro gastrointestinal method (IVG) followed by ICP-OES determination. Methods: For each unit operation during juçara processing fruit and/or pulp were collected to determine the chemical elements bioacessibility using the in vitro gastrointestinal method (IVG). It was determined the chemical elements Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn using Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The experiment was conducted according to randomized complete blocks design (CBD), where the blocks were constituted by the origens (Ubatuba I, Ubatuba II, Jaboticabal I, Jaboticabal II and Américo Brasiliense) with four treatments (i. fresh harvested fruits, ii. fruits which were washed, iii. fruits after softened in water, iv. processed pulp). Results: It was not possible to determine the bioaccessibility of Ca and Zn. The chemical elements Mg, Mn, Cu, and Fe bioaccessibility reduced during processing. Conclusion: Juçara fruit processing affected the content and bioaccessibility of the chemical elements, and it was observed a sharp increment in the content of macro and microelements after pulp extraction. It was possible to determine the chemical elements bioaccessibility with exception of K, Ca, and Zn. The consumption of 200 mL of juçara pulp showed to be appropriate to supply part of the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of the studied microelements, however the Zn content even above the of the required for children from 1 to 3 year old, it did not surpassed the maximum tolerate ingestion (UL). Therefore, health problems will not be observed.
Juçara palm tree (Euterpe edulis Mart.) is endemic from a biome know as Atlantic Forest, and its fruit are similar to açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), but richer in anthocyanin and chemical elements, which make them a important food produce for the local population. However, during its processing, the fruit are subjected to different unit operation to extract their pulp and it can affect the chemical elements biaccessibility. Objectives: The general object of this study was to verify the chemical elements bioaccessibility in fruit and juçara pulp and, the specific objectives were: i. verify if the different unit operations affect the chemical elements bioaccessibility, and ii. determine the in vitro chemical elements bioacessibiity using the in vitro gastrointestinal method (IVG) followed by ICP-OES determination. Methods: For each unit operation during juçara processing fruit and/or pulp were collected to determine the chemical elements bioacessibility using the in vitro gastrointestinal method (IVG). It was determined the chemical elements Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn using Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The experiment was conducted according to randomized complete blocks design (CBD), where the blocks were constituted by the origens (Ubatuba I, Ubatuba II, Jaboticabal I, Jaboticabal II and Américo Brasiliense) with four treatments (i. fresh harvested fruits, ii. fruits which were washed, iii. fruits after softened in water, iv. processed pulp). Results: It was not possible to determine the bioaccessibility of Ca and Zn. The chemical elements Mg, Mn, Cu, and Fe bioaccessibility reduced during processing. Conclusion: Juçara fruit processing affected the content and bioaccessibility of the chemical elements, and it was observed a sharp increment in the content of macro and microelements after pulp extraction. It was possible to determine the chemical elements bioaccessibility with exception of K, Ca, and Zn. The consumption of 200 mL of juçara pulp showed to be appropriate to supply part of the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of the studied microelements, however the Zn content even above the of the required for children from 1 to 3 year old, it did not surpassed the maximum tolerate ingestion (UL). Therefore, health problems will not be observed.
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Palavras-chave
ICP-OES, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn