Metagenômica e bioinformática aplicada à bioenergia: explorando um consórcio bacteriano degradador de biomassa
Carregando...
Data
2017-07-04
Autores
Desiderato, Joana Gabriela [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A indústria sucroalcooleira gera elevado número de resíduos de origem da biomassa lignocelulósica que apresentam grande potencial para produção de biocombustíveis, em particular o etanol de segunda geração. Uma das formas promissoras para a desconstrução da biomassa lignocelulósica é através da utilização de consórcios bacterianos que produzem enzimas altamente específicas com a capacidade de quebrar a estrutura da lignocelulose. Porém, para a otimização desse processo é importante entender as funções metabólicas presentes nesses consórcios degradadores de biomassa. Portanto, esse estudo objetivou identificar e classificar a composição de uma comunidade bacteriana proveniente de consórcio oriundo de solo contendo bagaço de cana-de-açúcar em decomposição e avaliar sua capacidade metabólica através de sequenciamento genômico de alto rendimento e análises de bioinformática. Esse consórcio foi cultivado durante vinte semanas, sendo que amostras de DNA foram extraídas para sequenciamento a cada sete dias. O sequenciamento da subunidade 16S do operon ribossomal (16S rRNA) foi realizado utilizando a plataforma Ion PGM™, enquanto que o sequenciamento do DNA total foi realizado na plataforma HiSeq 2500, Illumina®. Os resultados do sequenciamento do 16S rRNA indicam 5 diferentes famílias bacterianas ao longo das 20 semanas, sendo Burkholderiaceae (73%) e Rhodanobacteraceae (24%) as mais abundantes. Análises do potencial funcional do consórcio realizadas através dos programas PICRUSt e STAMP, indicam o enriquecimento da função de transportadores, incluindo transportadores do tipo ABC, principalmente na primeira semana, sugerindo um provável papel na metabolização do material lignocelulolítico presente no meio. Os dados gerados pelo sequenciamento total do metagenoma foram montados (“de novo” assembly) e permitiram recuperar a sequência genômica de um dos organismos mais abundantes presentes no consórcio (24%). Esse genoma foi finalizado e circularizado, apresentando 4.758.639 pb e GC% de 65,25, e similaridade de 99% da sequência do 16S rRNA e 90,77% de identidade de suas sequências codificadoras com o genoma da bactéria Dyella jiangningensis SBZ3-12 (Rhodanobacteraceae). A anotação realizada através da plataforma RAST, indicou 4.194 genes codificadores de proteínas, dentre os quais 36 Glicosil Hidrolases potencialmente envolvidas com a degradação da biomassa lignocelulósica. Portanto, esse estudo permitiu a elucidação da diversidade microbiana e perfil metabólico de um consórcio bacteriano, revelando um novo genoma pertencente ao gênero Dyella, potencialmente relacionado com o processo de degradação da biomassa lignocelulósica. Em linhas gerais, os resultados obtidos também corroboraram o potencial que ferramentas de sequenciamento de alto rendimento, metagenômica e bioinformática apresentam para o estudo de comunidades microbianas com potencial biotecnológico, mostrando-se como uma valiosa alternativa para a investigação de novos alvos para a pesquisa em bioenergia.
The sugarcane ethanol industry generates a number of residues related to the lignocellulosic biomass which exhibit potential for the production of biofuels, in particular second generation ethanol. One of the promising ways for the deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass to valuable products is through the use of bacterial consortia. These consortia encode a specific set of enzymes capable to metabolize and decompose the lignocellulose structure. However, to optimize this process, the metabolic functions present in a biomass-degrading consortia must be well known. Therefore, this study aimed to unravel the taxonomic composition, and to evaluate the metabolic profile of a bacterial consortium from a sugar-cane derived soil containing decomposing straw, through high-throughput genomic sequencing and bioinformatics analyzes. The selected consortium was cultivated in laboratory for twenty weeks, and DNA samples were extracted for sequencing every seven days. The 16S subunit of the ribosomal operon (16S rRNA) and total DNA sequencing were performed through the Ion PGM™ (Thermo Fischer) and HiSeq 2500 (Illumina) platforms, respectively. The 16S rRNA sequencing indicate at least 5 different bacterial families during the 20 weeks of cultivation. The Burkholderiaceae (73%) and Rhodanobacteraceae (24%) are the most abundant. Functional analyses, indicate an enrichment of the transporter-related function, including ABC-transporters mainly in the first week of cultivation, suggesting a probable role related with the decomposing of the lignocellulolytic material. The whole metagenome sequencing uncover the genomic sequence of one of the most abundant organisms present in the consortium (abundance ~24% of the sequenced reads). This genome was finished and circularized, exhibiting 4,758,639 bp, GC% of 65.25, and 99% of similarity of the 16S rRNA and 90.77% identity of the coding sequences to the genome of the bacterium Dyella jiangningensis SBZ3- 12 (Rhodanobacteraceae). The annotation revealed 4,194 proteins coding genes, among which 36 Glycosyl Hydrolases potentially involved with the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, the microbial diversity and metabolic profile of the consortium was revealed. In addition a new genome belonging to the Dyella genus potentially involved with degradation of the lignocellulosic biomass were also uncovered. Overall, the results also corroborated the potential of high-throughput metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatic aproach for the elucidation of microbial communities with biotechnological potential, proving to be a valuable alternative for the bioenergy research.
The sugarcane ethanol industry generates a number of residues related to the lignocellulosic biomass which exhibit potential for the production of biofuels, in particular second generation ethanol. One of the promising ways for the deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass to valuable products is through the use of bacterial consortia. These consortia encode a specific set of enzymes capable to metabolize and decompose the lignocellulose structure. However, to optimize this process, the metabolic functions present in a biomass-degrading consortia must be well known. Therefore, this study aimed to unravel the taxonomic composition, and to evaluate the metabolic profile of a bacterial consortium from a sugar-cane derived soil containing decomposing straw, through high-throughput genomic sequencing and bioinformatics analyzes. The selected consortium was cultivated in laboratory for twenty weeks, and DNA samples were extracted for sequencing every seven days. The 16S subunit of the ribosomal operon (16S rRNA) and total DNA sequencing were performed through the Ion PGM™ (Thermo Fischer) and HiSeq 2500 (Illumina) platforms, respectively. The 16S rRNA sequencing indicate at least 5 different bacterial families during the 20 weeks of cultivation. The Burkholderiaceae (73%) and Rhodanobacteraceae (24%) are the most abundant. Functional analyses, indicate an enrichment of the transporter-related function, including ABC-transporters mainly in the first week of cultivation, suggesting a probable role related with the decomposing of the lignocellulolytic material. The whole metagenome sequencing uncover the genomic sequence of one of the most abundant organisms present in the consortium (abundance ~24% of the sequenced reads). This genome was finished and circularized, exhibiting 4,758,639 bp, GC% of 65.25, and 99% of similarity of the 16S rRNA and 90.77% identity of the coding sequences to the genome of the bacterium Dyella jiangningensis SBZ3- 12 (Rhodanobacteraceae). The annotation revealed 4,194 proteins coding genes, among which 36 Glycosyl Hydrolases potentially involved with the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, the microbial diversity and metabolic profile of the consortium was revealed. In addition a new genome belonging to the Dyella genus potentially involved with degradation of the lignocellulosic biomass were also uncovered. Overall, the results also corroborated the potential of high-throughput metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatic aproach for the elucidation of microbial communities with biotechnological potential, proving to be a valuable alternative for the bioenergy research.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bioetanol, Biomassa, Brazilian Microbiome Project (BMP), Dyella jiangningensis, Etanol de segunda geração, Lignocelulose, Bioethanol, Biomass, Second generation ethanol, Lignocellulose