Frutas do bioma Amazônia: caracterização físico-química e efeito da ingestão sobre os parâmetros fisiológicos em ratos
Data
2017-05-26
Autores
Seixas, Fernanda Rosan Fortunato [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Bioma Amazônia apresenta uma grande diversidade frutífera, aproximadamente 200 espécies, destas majoritariamente prevalencem a escassez de dados técnicos científicos principalmente de caracterização físico-química, potencial nutricional e de benefícios à saúde. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar as características físico-químicas das polpas das frutas de araçá-boi (Eugenia stipitata), abiu (Pouteria caimito) grande, araticum (Annona crassiflora), biri-biri (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) e mangostão amarelo (Garcinia xanthochymus), obtidas em diferentes safras, e os efeitos do consumo destas polpas sobre os parâmetros hematológicos, metabólicos, de toxicidade hepática e renal em ratos. As polpas das frutas foram procedentes da cidade de Cacoal, Rondônia (Amazônia Ocidental). Os parâmetros físico-químicos avaliados foram sólidos solúveis, acidez total titulável, pH, açúcares redutores, açúcares não redutores e totais, ácido ascórbico, umidade, cinzas, lipídios, proteína, cor, compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante total. Nos ensaios biológicos foram utilizados 60 ratos machos Wistar albinos, adultos, que receberam doses diárias de 0,3214 mL de polpa/100 g de massa corpóreo durante 30 dias (efeito sub-crônico) por intubação gástrica e após este período realizadas as análises de hematócrito total, leucócitos totais, glicemia, triacilglicerois e colesterol total, transaminase glutâmica oxalacética citoplasmática (TGO) e transaminase glutâmica pirúvica citoplasmática (TGP), uréia e creatina. Os parâmetros físico-químicos do araçá-boi, abiu grande, araticum, biri-biri e mangostão amarelo diferiram (p ≤ 0,05) entre as safras avaliadas. A polpa de araçá-boi foi caracterizada de coloração amarelada e opaca, ácida, com alto teor de umidade e baixos teores de açúcares, sólidos solúveis, cinzas e lipídios, com presença de compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante. A ingestão desta polpa por ratos promoveu uma tendência à redução do colesterol. A polpa de abiu grande foi caracterizada por cor amarelada e opaca, levemente ácida, com alto teor de açúcares e sólidos solúveis e baixo teor de lipídios, ácido ascórbico, proteína, compostos fenólicos totais e de atividade antioxidante total. Nos ensaios biológicos, foi observado que sua ingestão promoveu uma redução significativa dos leucócitos totais, sem ocasionar danos hepático e renal em ratos. A polpa de araticum foi caracterizada como de cor amarelada e opaca e ácida, com alto teor de açúcares e umidade, e baixo teor lipídico, protéico e de ácido ascórbico, além de maiores teores de compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante total quando comparado as demais polpas estudas. A sua ingestão promoveu redução de leucócitos e aumento dos triacilgliceróis, além de uma tendência a reduzir a glicemia e aumentar o hematócrito e colesterol em ratos. A polpa de biri-biri foi caracterizada com cor esverdeada e opaca, com baixo teor de acidez, lipídios, proteína, açúcares, compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante total. Sua ingestão promoveu um aumento significativo de TGO, ocasionando danos hepáticos e indícios de danos renais em ratos, pela tendência ao aumento da uréia, não sendo seguro seu consumo principalmente por nefropatas. A polpa de mangostão amarelo foi caracterizada por cor amarelada e opaca, com baixo teor de acidez, lipídios e proteína, e alto teor de umidade. A polpa apresentou teores médios de compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante total. Sua ingestão não apresentou alterações significativas nas análises bioquímicas realizadas neste estudo em ratos.
The Amazon Biome shows a great fructiferous diversity, approximately 200 species, and there is a lack of technical scientific data mainly of psychochemical, nutritional potential and health benefits description of those.The aims of the this study was to evaluate thepsychochemical description of the fruit pulps of araça-boi (Eugenia stipitata), abiu (Pouteria caimito), araticum (Annona crassiflora), biri-biri (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) and yellow mangosteen (Garcinia xanthochymus), obtained in different crops, and the effects of consuming these fruit pulps on hematologic, metabolic, renal and hepatic toxicity parameter in rats.The pulps of the fruits, coming from the city of Cacoal, Rondônia (Western Amazon). The physical-chemical parameters are: solid, acid, total titratable, pH, reducing sugars, non-reducing and total sugars, ascorbic acid, moisture, ashes, lipids, protein, color, total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity.In the biological assays, 60 adult male albino Wistar rats were given daily doses of 0.3214 mL of pulp / 100 g of body mass for 30 days (sub-chronic effect) by gastric intubation and after that period the analyzes of total hematocrit, total leukocytes, glycemia, triacylglycerols and total cholesterol, cytoplasmic glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and cytoplasmic glutamic piruvic transaminase (GTP), urea and creatine.The physical-chemical parameters of the araçá-boi, abiu grande, araticum, biri-biri and yellow mangosteen differed (p ≤ 0.05) among the evaluated harvests. Araçá-boi pulp was characterized by yellowish and opaque acid, with high moisture content and low sugar content, soluble solids, ash and lipids, with the presence of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity.The ingestion of this pulp by rats provoked a tendency to reduce cholesterol. The pulp of abiu grande was characterized by yellowish and opaque, slightly acidic, with high content of sugars and soluble solids and low content of lipids, ascorbic acid, protein, total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity.In biological assays, it was observed that their ingestion promoted a significant reduction of total leukocytes, without causing hepatic and renal damage in rats. The araticum pulp was characterized as yellowish and opaque and acidic, with high sugar and moisture content, and low lipid, protein and ascorbic acid content, as well as higher total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity when compared to the others pulps that were studied.Its ingestion promoted reduction of leukocytes and increase of triacylglycerols, in addition to a tendency to reduce glycemia and increase hematocrit and cholesterol in rats.The biri-biri pulp was characterized with greenish and opaque color, with low acidity, lipids, protein, sugars, total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity.Its intake led to a significant increase in GOT, causing liver damage and indications of renal damage in rats, due to the tendency to increase urea, and its consumptionwas not safemainly because of nephropathy. The yellow mangosteen pulp was characterized by yellowish and opaque color, with low acidity, lipids and protein content, and high moisture content. The pulp presented average contents of total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity. Its intake did not show significant changes in the biochemical analyzes performed in rats in this study.
The Amazon Biome shows a great fructiferous diversity, approximately 200 species, and there is a lack of technical scientific data mainly of psychochemical, nutritional potential and health benefits description of those.The aims of the this study was to evaluate thepsychochemical description of the fruit pulps of araça-boi (Eugenia stipitata), abiu (Pouteria caimito), araticum (Annona crassiflora), biri-biri (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) and yellow mangosteen (Garcinia xanthochymus), obtained in different crops, and the effects of consuming these fruit pulps on hematologic, metabolic, renal and hepatic toxicity parameter in rats.The pulps of the fruits, coming from the city of Cacoal, Rondônia (Western Amazon). The physical-chemical parameters are: solid, acid, total titratable, pH, reducing sugars, non-reducing and total sugars, ascorbic acid, moisture, ashes, lipids, protein, color, total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity.In the biological assays, 60 adult male albino Wistar rats were given daily doses of 0.3214 mL of pulp / 100 g of body mass for 30 days (sub-chronic effect) by gastric intubation and after that period the analyzes of total hematocrit, total leukocytes, glycemia, triacylglycerols and total cholesterol, cytoplasmic glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and cytoplasmic glutamic piruvic transaminase (GTP), urea and creatine.The physical-chemical parameters of the araçá-boi, abiu grande, araticum, biri-biri and yellow mangosteen differed (p ≤ 0.05) among the evaluated harvests. Araçá-boi pulp was characterized by yellowish and opaque acid, with high moisture content and low sugar content, soluble solids, ash and lipids, with the presence of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity.The ingestion of this pulp by rats provoked a tendency to reduce cholesterol. The pulp of abiu grande was characterized by yellowish and opaque, slightly acidic, with high content of sugars and soluble solids and low content of lipids, ascorbic acid, protein, total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity.In biological assays, it was observed that their ingestion promoted a significant reduction of total leukocytes, without causing hepatic and renal damage in rats. The araticum pulp was characterized as yellowish and opaque and acidic, with high sugar and moisture content, and low lipid, protein and ascorbic acid content, as well as higher total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity when compared to the others pulps that were studied.Its ingestion promoted reduction of leukocytes and increase of triacylglycerols, in addition to a tendency to reduce glycemia and increase hematocrit and cholesterol in rats.The biri-biri pulp was characterized with greenish and opaque color, with low acidity, lipids, protein, sugars, total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity.Its intake led to a significant increase in GOT, causing liver damage and indications of renal damage in rats, due to the tendency to increase urea, and its consumptionwas not safemainly because of nephropathy. The yellow mangosteen pulp was characterized by yellowish and opaque color, with low acidity, lipids and protein content, and high moisture content. The pulp presented average contents of total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity. Its intake did not show significant changes in the biochemical analyzes performed in rats in this study.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Análises físico-químicas, Ensaios biológicos, Frutas amazônicas