Microbioma de formigas com ênfase em camponotini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Carregando...
Data
2017-05-31
Autores
Ramalho, Manuela de Oliveira Sanchez [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A interação simbiótica tem sido uma das responsáveis pela evolução e a biodiversidade de espécies existentes no planeta. Mais estudos abordando diferentes hospedeiros mostram-se necessários para aumentar o conhecimento do significado evolutivo desta associação na natureza. As formigas pertencentes aos gêneros Polyrhachis e Camponotus estão contidas na tribo Camponotini e são estreitamente relacionadas além de possuírem ampla distribuição, hábitos diversificados, e estão frequentemente associadas à endossimbiontes. Entretanto existem poucos estudos nesta área, permanecendo então muitas questões a respeito destas associações. Desta maneira, por meio da técnica de Sequenciamento de Nova Geração (NGS) Illumina MiSeq2000, o presente estudo teve como objetivo: I. explorar a comunidade microbiana de diversas espécies de Polyrhachis distribuídas em toda sua extensão e verificar os fatores que a influenciam. II. caracterizar a comunidade bacteriana associada aos gêneros Colobopsis e Camponotus, e analisar se há diferenças na composição da comunidade bacteriana quando comparada entre os diferentes gêneros, colônias e em todos os estágios de desenvolvimento; III. averiguar como se dá a distribuição da comunidade bacteriana nas diferentes partes do corpo (cabeça, mesossoma e gáster) de Camponotus, e se esta diversidade está associada ao ambiente onde estas Camponotus foram coletadas; IV. caracterizar o ovário de Camponotus textor, utilizando técnicas de histologia (HE), documentar a localização de Blochmannia e Wolbachia na ovogênese por hibridação “in situ” de fluorescência (FISH), e sugerir o mecanismo de desenvolvimento que estas bactérias utilizam para atingir o ovo. Estes estudos demonstraram que existem diversos fatores que podem influenciar a comunidade bacteriana associada a formiga, como a filogenia do hospedeiro, o gênero, a colônia, a ontogenia, diferentes partes do corpo e o ambiente que a formiga foi coletada. Adicionalmente, foi possível sugerir mecanismos adaptativos que garantem que as principais bactérias cheguem ao ovo.
Symbiotic interaction has been one of the factors responsible for the evolution and biodiversity of species on the planet. More studies addressing different hosts are necessary to increase the knowledge of the evolutionary meaning of this association in nature. The ants belonging to the genera Polyrhachis and Camponotus are contained in the Camponotini tribe and they are closely related in addition to having wide distribution, diversified habits, and are often associated with endosymbionts. However, there are few studies in this area, and many questions remain about these associations. In this way, through the New Generation Sequencing technique (NGS) Illumina MiSeq2000, the present study aimed: I. To explore the microbial community of several species of Polyrhachis distributed throughout its range and to verify the factors that influence it. II. Characterize the bacterial community associated with the genus Colobopsis and Camponotus, and analyze if there are differences in the composition of the bacterial community when compared between different genera, colonies and at all stages of development; III. To determine how the distribution of the bacterial community occurs in the different parts of the body (head, mesosome and gaster) of Camponotus, and if this diversity is associated with the environment where these Camponotus were collected; IV. To characterize the ovary of Camponotus textor using histology techniques (HE), to document the location of Blochmannia and Wolbachia in oogenesis by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and to suggest the mechanism of development that these bacteria use to reach the egg . These studies have demonstrated that there are several factors that can influence the ant-associated bacterial community, such as host phylogeny, genera, colony, ontogeny, different body parts, and the environment the ant was collected. In addition, it was possible to suggest adaptive mechanisms that guarantee that the main bacteria reach the egg.
Symbiotic interaction has been one of the factors responsible for the evolution and biodiversity of species on the planet. More studies addressing different hosts are necessary to increase the knowledge of the evolutionary meaning of this association in nature. The ants belonging to the genera Polyrhachis and Camponotus are contained in the Camponotini tribe and they are closely related in addition to having wide distribution, diversified habits, and are often associated with endosymbionts. However, there are few studies in this area, and many questions remain about these associations. In this way, through the New Generation Sequencing technique (NGS) Illumina MiSeq2000, the present study aimed: I. To explore the microbial community of several species of Polyrhachis distributed throughout its range and to verify the factors that influence it. II. Characterize the bacterial community associated with the genus Colobopsis and Camponotus, and analyze if there are differences in the composition of the bacterial community when compared between different genera, colonies and at all stages of development; III. To determine how the distribution of the bacterial community occurs in the different parts of the body (head, mesosome and gaster) of Camponotus, and if this diversity is associated with the environment where these Camponotus were collected; IV. To characterize the ovary of Camponotus textor using histology techniques (HE), to document the location of Blochmannia and Wolbachia in oogenesis by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and to suggest the mechanism of development that these bacteria use to reach the egg . These studies have demonstrated that there are several factors that can influence the ant-associated bacterial community, such as host phylogeny, genera, colony, ontogeny, different body parts, and the environment the ant was collected. In addition, it was possible to suggest adaptive mechanisms that guarantee that the main bacteria reach the egg.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Blochmannia, Endossimbionte, Endobactéria, Wolbachia, Camponotini, Endosymbionte, NGS