Proposta para integração do ecodesign na gestão de portfólio de produtos
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Data
2017-08-03
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Apesar de muitos estudos abordarem gestão de portfólio de produtos e ecodesign, são poucos o que tratam desses temas de maneira integrada. Além disso, algumas pesquisas recentes têm sinalizado a importância de se iniciarem investigações que integrem essas áreas. Diante disso, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo propor framework que integra práticas do ecodesign na gestão de portfólio de produtos, seguido pela avaliação deste framework em empresas brasileiras que desenvolvem produtos baseados na biodiversidade. A pesquisa foi composta por duas fases complementares: a primeira constituiu-se de um estudo teórico que visou levantar os principais trabalhos pertinentes aos temas gestão de portfólio de produtos e ecodesign, o qual serviu como base para a elaboração de framework teórico de integração do ecodesign à gestão de portfólio de produtos. Na segunda fase foram realizados workshops de avaliação do framework com times de desenvolvimento de produtos de duas empresas de biodiversidade e que possuem diferentes níveis de maturidade em termos de implementação de questões ambientais no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos. Considerando os resultados da pesquisa, foi possível identificar e analisar dimensões e agrupamentos de atividades que podem compor a integração do ecodesign à gestão de portfólio de produtos, compreendendo as práticas de ecodesign que podem ser aplicadas neste contexto e, ainda, avaliar a aplicabilidade do framework proposto, do ponto de vista de duas empresas de biodiversidade em estágios distintos do desenvolvimento de produtos verdes. Os agrupamentos de atividades que mais se destacaram na literatura e se mostraram relevantes no ambiente corporativo foram a aplicação de checklist de avaliação, pontuação e ranqueamento dos projetos, a integração com stakeholders e, também, a preocupação de se inserir portfólio de produtos verdes no planejamento estratégico das firmas. Conclui-se que para as firmas em estágios menos maduros de gestão ambiental possam obter melhor desempenho no desenvolvimento de produtos verdes, estas devem adotar formalmente a gestão de portfólio de produtos alinhada às dimensões gerenciais e agrupamentos de atividades, adotando métodos e ferramentas de ecodesign de simples aplicação, além de atividades relacionadas à estratégia e estrutura organizacional, presentes no framework aqui proposto.
Although many studies address the product portfolio management and ecodesign, few are dealing with issues in an integrated way. In addition, some recent research has shown the importance of initiating investigations that integrate these areas. The goal of this research was to propose a framework that integrates ecodesign practices in portfolio management, followed by evaluation of the framework in Brazilian companies that develop products based on biodiversity. The research was composed of two complementary phases: a first one consisted of a theoretical study that aimed to collect the main relevant works of product portfolio management and ecodesign, which serves as basis for the elaboration of the theoretical framework of ecodesign integration on product portfolio management. In the second phase, it was conducted framework evaluation workshops with product development teams of two biodiversity companies in different levels of maturity in terms of implementing environmental issues in the product development process. Regarding the results of this research, it was possible to identify and analyze dimensions and clusters of activities that can compose the integration of ecodesign on the product portfolio management, including practices that can be applied and also an evaluation of the applicability of the proposed framework, from the point of view of two biodiversity companies at different stages in sustainable development. The clusters of activities highlighted in the literature and that have shown relevant in a corporate environment are the application of evaluation checklist, project punctuation and ranking, integration with stakeholders and also a concern to insert a green portfolio products in the strategic planning of firms. It is concluded that for firms in less mature stages of environmental management to obtain better performance in green development products, they must formally adopt product portfolio management aligned with managerial dimensions and groupings of activities, adopting simple ecodesign methods and tools application, in addition to activities related to the strategy and organizational structure, present in the proposed framework.
Although many studies address the product portfolio management and ecodesign, few are dealing with issues in an integrated way. In addition, some recent research has shown the importance of initiating investigations that integrate these areas. The goal of this research was to propose a framework that integrates ecodesign practices in portfolio management, followed by evaluation of the framework in Brazilian companies that develop products based on biodiversity. The research was composed of two complementary phases: a first one consisted of a theoretical study that aimed to collect the main relevant works of product portfolio management and ecodesign, which serves as basis for the elaboration of the theoretical framework of ecodesign integration on product portfolio management. In the second phase, it was conducted framework evaluation workshops with product development teams of two biodiversity companies in different levels of maturity in terms of implementing environmental issues in the product development process. Regarding the results of this research, it was possible to identify and analyze dimensions and clusters of activities that can compose the integration of ecodesign on the product portfolio management, including practices that can be applied and also an evaluation of the applicability of the proposed framework, from the point of view of two biodiversity companies at different stages in sustainable development. The clusters of activities highlighted in the literature and that have shown relevant in a corporate environment are the application of evaluation checklist, project punctuation and ranking, integration with stakeholders and also a concern to insert a green portfolio products in the strategic planning of firms. It is concluded that for firms in less mature stages of environmental management to obtain better performance in green development products, they must formally adopt product portfolio management aligned with managerial dimensions and groupings of activities, adopting simple ecodesign methods and tools application, in addition to activities related to the strategy and organizational structure, present in the proposed framework.
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Palavras-chave
Biodiversidade, Ecodesign, Gestão de portfólio de produtos, Processo de desenvolvimento de produtos, Sustentabilidade ambiental, Biodiversity, Environmental sustainability, Product development process, Product portfolio management